人教版新目标初一下册英语unit12词汇语法习题.docx

1、人教版新目标初一下册英语unit12词汇语法习题批注：先通过这六副引起学生的兴趣，对于基础较弱的学生，可引导学生先说出中文然后给出英文，或者给出英文让学生进行配对。对于基础较好的学生可以让学生直接表达。对于人物的描述不仅仅局限于文字下方的英语，可以进行灵活的删减和增加。这主要目的是通过这几幅画调动学习氛围，激发学生学习兴趣，引入今天教学的主题。通过上面三个问题，相信学生对过去事情的描述有一定的了解，而且也为后面的教学奠定基础。一、词汇Words1. play相关的短语 1) play +运动play soccer踢足球 play tennis打网球play sports做运动 play bas

2、ketball 打篮球 play football 踢足球 play Ping-Pong 打乒乓球 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 2) play the + 乐器 play the guitar弹吉它 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 3) play with和某人/物玩耍 play with me 和我玩耍 【即学即练】 ( ) 1) I played _football with my friends yesterday. A. the B. a C./ ( ) 2) I watched Wangwang play _ t

3、he cat. A. of B. with C. on D. at ( ) 3) Kate cant play _ volleyball, but she can play _ piano very well. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; / Keys: 1) 选C。 2) 选B。 3)选C。批注：定冠词和不定冠词是中考的重点，在平时就要注意积累。在西方乐器前面需要加the情况要特别注意，是常考点。同时，对于基础比较好的学生可以引导学生对已学一些冠词用法进行回顾和总结。2. go的相关短语: go to the beach去沙滩 go to th

4、e movies 去看电影 go for a walk 去散步 go to the mountains 去爬山 go home 回家 go to the library 去图书馆 go shopping /go to the shop 买东西 go to school去上学 go to work 去工作【即学即练】：（ ）Tina and her parents _ to England for sightseeing last summer. A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone 3. on Saturday morning 在周六上午【例句】On Sa

5、turday morning, I played basketball. 在周六上午，我去打篮球了。【用法】*当morning，afternoon，evening，night这些名词被一个定语修饰时，前面的介词用on，而不用in，on指具体的一天，in指不具体的某一日。on +某日morningafternoonevening 在某日的上午/下午/晚上*in+年/月/季节 在某年/月/季节*at +时间点 例句：on a cold night 在一个寒冷的夜晚 on Sunday evening在星期天的晚上 on weekend在周末, on Saturday在周六, in the morn

6、ing/afternoon/evening in spring at six oclock 六点钟*morning，afternoon，evening，night这些名词前有this，that，next，tomorrow，yesterday等限定词修饰时，前面一律不用介词。例句：this morning 今天早晨 yesterday evening 昨天晚上【即学即练】( ) 1) Lin Tao got up early _ Friday morning.A. in B. at C. on D. of ( ) 2) What did you do _ the evening of Frida

7、y?A. in B. on C. at D. forKeys: 1) 选C。 2) 选B。批注：拓展是针对学习基础较好的学生而言的，对于一般的学生只要掌握on指具体的一天，in+年/月/季节, at +时间点便可。学生在记忆的时候不要死记，可以通过例子来帮助理解性记忆。 4. stay v. 停留，留下 【例句】We stayed at home last weekend. 上周末我们呆在家里。【搭配】stay at home 呆在家里 Stay up late熬夜【拓展】stay作为系动词，意为“保持状态”，后接形容词、分词。That fellow stayed single. 那个小伙子仍

8、保持单身。The door stayed closed. 门一直关着（无比较的持续状态）Its easy to stay hidden. 躲起来很容易。Please stay seated. 请继续坐着。5. visit v拜访，访问 ；看望；参观【例句】I visited my friends last weekend. 我上周末看望了我的朋友。We are going to visit the museum.我们将去参观博物馆。Our visit to London was very great.我们去伦敦的游览很棒。【搭配】visit sb. 拜访某人pay a visit to The

9、y often pay a visit to/ visit their teachers.【拓展】visitor是由动词加后缀or构成。如：actactor; invent-inventor【牛刀小试】每年有许多游客来中国参观长城。Many_come to China_the Great Wall every year.6. have v. 做；进行；从事【例句】She had a party yesterday evening. 她昨天晚上参加派对了。【搭配】1)have后常跟名词，可表示“经历某事物”，如：have a party, have a good time, have a nic

10、e trip等；2)have也可以表示“吃；喝”，如：have breakfast, have an apple, have some water等；3) have还可以表示“从事/进行，后接的名词表示动作”， 如：have a swim/walk/look/ride/talk等。批注：have在不用的语境中意思不同。教师在教学的过程中要引导学生根据具体例子来记忆，记住固定搭配，如三餐前不加任何冠词等。7. last adj.最近的，上一个的 v.持续【点拨】(1)last 可作形容词，表示“最近的，上一个的” “last+ 时间名词” 是表示过去的时间状语，它常与一般过去时连用。常用短语：

11、last night昨晚last month上个月last week上周last term上学期last year去年（2）last还可以作动词，意思是“持续”【活学活用】夏天从六月持续到八月。Summer_June_August8.ago adv.以前【点拨】ago与beforeago立足于现在，表示从现在起，若干时间之前；before立足过去，表示从过去某一时刻起，若干时间以前。ago 通常与一般过去时连用，不能与完成时连用；before通常与过去完成时连用。ago不能单独使用。应说three days ago, hours ago等, 与过去时连用。before可单独使用, 单独使用时一

12、般与完成时连用。ago和before作副词时都表示“以前”。但起算点不一样：ago是从现在算起，常用于过去时态的句子中，也可用在完成时的句子中，一般状语是since后加一段时间再加ago。before是指过去某一时间的“以前”，常用在过去完成时的句子中，也可用在过去时及现在完成时的句子中。这种情况下，before前没有时间。 例如： I met him three years ago .（距今）三年前，我遇到他。 I had met him three years before .（距当时）三年前我见到他一次。 【牛刀小试】1I remember seeing you somewhere 2

13、years_. 2I have read the novel_. 3She said she had met Tom two days_. 4She has been there since 3 years_. 5How long_did you get to know her? 9. surprise n.惊奇；惊讶 v.使吃惊【点拨】surprise是一个常用词，它既可用作名词，也可用作动词。现将其用法归纳如下：【一】surprise用作名词时，其含义是使人一愣。这种吃惊可能包含着高兴也可能包含害怕或忧虑。（1）通常用作抽象名词，不可数。意为“惊奇；惊异”。例如：Her face show

14、ed surprise at the news.听到这个消息她脸上露出了惊奇。（2）也可以具体化而变为可数名词。意为“惊奇；惊讶；意外的事；吃惊的事”。例如：He gave me a surprise by arriving early.他的早到使我大吃一惊。【二】surprise用作动词时，后接某人作宾语，意为“使惊奇；使震惊”。例如：The news greatly surprised us.这条消息使我们大为惊讶。【三】surprise用法大比拼（1）to ones surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是”它对全句进行解释或说明，表示说话人对上文的看法或态度，一般放在句首。例如：To ou

15、r surprise，the boy won the prize.使我们惊奇的是这个男孩获奖了。（2）in surprise意为“惊奇地；吃惊地”它修饰谓语动词。例如：“How did you come here?” she said in surprise.“你怎么到这儿来的?”她惊讶地说。（3）be surprised可单独使用或跟不定式。例如：When I received his letter，I was very surprised.当我收到他的信时很吃惊。【搭配】（1）be surprised at 对感到惊奇 表示某种情绪、心情的起因时，常用at这一介词短语，表示“听到”或“看到

16、”而 We were surprised at his arrival（到达）. The child was frightened at the noise . The teacher was glad at our progress. I am surprised at you . 我对你的举动感到诧异。(系表结构) （2）be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 She was surprised to find her handbag missing. （3）be surprised that + 从句 I was surprised that these hous

17、es stay up for such a long time. 【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空Helen got lost in the forest. Her father got a terrible_. We were all_ at the _ news.10.wake v.弄醒；醒【点拨】wake的过去式是woke，其形容词为wake,意为“醒着的”，常用在系动词后作表语，asleep是其反义词，意为“睡着的”。 Wake up意为“唤醒；醒来；弄醒”，其后可接名词或代词作宾语，若宾语是代词，必须放在wake和up之间。如：I woke up at six this morni

18、ng.今天早上我6点钟醒来的。Dont wake your father up.= Dont wake up your father.别吵醒你父亲。Please wake me up at ten.请十点钟叫醒我。【活学活用】（ ） We went to Jennys room and_. A. woke up her B. woke her up C. wake up her D. wake her up 二、句型讲解1. What did you do last weekend, Lucy? 露西，上周末你干什么了？Well, on Saturday morning, I played b

19、adminton. 星期六上午我打羽毛球了。【解析】1) What did you do?是一个特殊疑问句，它的结构是特殊疑问词did主语动词原形其他成分？在这个结构中did是助动词。本句子是用来询问过去发生的动作或事情。例如：What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么？I went to the hospital. 我去了医院。2) weekend由名词weekend合成的，是一个合成词，这是英语的构词法之一。类似的合成词还有：newspapernewspaperhouseworkhouseworkhomeworkhomeworkeveryoneeveryonegr

20、andfathergrandfather3) on Saturday morning.关于介词on, in, at用法详见词汇第 8点用法。【即学即练】( )What did your brother do yesterday afternoon? He _ on the playground. A. played piano B. play the piano C. played football D. play the football Key: 选C。 批注：介词on, in, at的用法中考重点。由于之前已讲过该知识点，因此教师可以让学生进行回顾，加深印象。关于play的相关短语也可让

21、学生回顾复习。用英语描述过去发生的事情是本单元的重点句型，教师可以创设一定的情境和学生进行口语对话，通过多说多练来掌握句型。2. How was your weekend? 你的周末过得怎么样？Great，thanks. 好极了,谢谢。【解析】How引导的疑问句用来询问“某物或某事怎么样”。例如：How was Mings weekend? It was great/ok.How was Toneys weekend? It was pretty good.How was Sarahs weekend? It wasnt very good 批注：How was your weekend?及回

22、答是本单元的重点句型，教师在课堂上可以抽出一定的时间进行句型操练。3. Who visited her grandma?谁看望了她的祖母？ -Becky did.贝姬看望了。【点拨】句中Becky did.相当于Becky visited her grandma. Did替代上文中提到的动作，在句中是实义动词。英语中的do, does或did常用来指代前面提到的动作或行为。如： I dont like beef noodles, but my mother does.我不喜欢吃牛肉面条，但我母亲喜欢。Bill went to the beach yesterday, but I didnt.比

23、尔昨天去了海滩，但我没去。【牛刀小试】（ ） They didnt swim in the river, but I _. A. was B. am C. do D. did4.Well, son,thats why its important to learn a second language. 那么，儿子，那就是为什么再学一种语言是重要的。【点拨】（1）句中why引导表语从句，在从句中，it作形式主语，不定式结构作真正的主语。（2）second 是two的序数词，序数词前一般要加定冠词the.He was the second to get there.他是第二个到那里的。（3）句中的s

24、econd作形容词，意为“另外的；外加的”，其前用不定冠词a修饰。The noodles are very delicious. Id like a second bowl.面条很可口，我还要一碗。【活学活用】（ ）1.Its terrible_the bridge. A. to cross B. cross C. crossing D. crossed（ ）2.They have a home in Sydney and they have _second home in China. A. a B. an C. the D./5.But I was so tired that I went

25、 to sleep early.但是，我是如此疲劳，以至于我很早就去睡了。【点拨】 此句是由so.that引导的结果状语从句。So+ 形容词/ 副词+ that从句，表示“如此以至于.”,其同义句型为“such+ 名词短语+ that从句。The movie is so interesting that I want to see it again.这部电影如此有趣，我还想再看一次。The soccer match was so exciting that we all shouted.= It was such an exciting match that we all shouted.这场

26、足球赛如此令人激动，以至于我们都大叫起来。【牛刀小试】（ ） These flowers were_beautiful that Jane took many photos of them. A. so B. such C. so a D. such an6. What an interesting job they have!他们拥有一份多么有趣的工作啊！点拨此句是感叹句，其结构为：感叹强调名词，用what引导感叹句 What + a/an + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语 ！ What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语 ！ What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数+ 主语 + 谓

27、语 ！ 例句：What a beautiful house it is ! What clean water it is ! What lovely girls they are ! 感叹强调形容词或副词,或整个句子，用how引导感叹句 How + 形容词或副词 + 主语 + 谓语 ！ 例句：How blue the sky is ! How fast he swims ! How Tom loves his wife ! 有时，what引导的感叹句可与How引导的感叹句相互转换。如： What a cheap house it is!= How cheap the house is!多么便宜

28、的房子啊！ What hot tea it is!= How hot the tea is!好烫的茶啊！What tall boys they are!= How tall the boys are!这些男孩真高啊！How time flies!时光飞逝！【活学活用】感叹句专项练习一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1)._ difficult homework we had yesterday!2)._cute dog it is!3)._ interesting the story is!4)._ bad the weather in England is!5)._ honest boy To

29、m is！6)._ tasty smell the cake gave off!7)._ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8)._ exciting news youve brought us!9)._cool your new car is!10)._ scary these tigers are! 二、选择填空。1. _ fast the boy ran!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, howB. What, whatC. How, whatD. What, how3. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an5. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said. A. HowB. How an C. W