人教新目标初三英语总复习一轮复习知识梳理2.docx

1、人教新目标初三英语总复习一轮复习知识梳理2考点突破导航重点单词1. look v. 看；望；看起来【辨析】look/ see/ watch/ read动词常见用法总结look强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意；其后接宾语时加介词at；作系动词表示“看起来”，后接形容词作表语see强调“看”的结果，后面能直接跟宾语；也可表示“理解；考虑”，如I see. 我明白了。see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事；see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“

2、看电视、看足球、看演出”等； 也可作名词“手表”read强调”阅读，朗读” 如：看书，看报，看信，看杂志，看地图【1-1】.Look _ the blackboard and listen _ the teacher. A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after【1-2】（2010菏泽） Im sorry, I didnt _ you clearly. Would you say it again?A. hear B. notice C. see D. watch【答案】A【1-3】Jim likes-books while his sister lik

3、es -sports games on TV.A. watching; looking B. reading; seeing C. looking; watching D. reading; watching2. family n. 家；家庭【辨析】family / home / house 名词常见用法总结family“家庭”，“家庭成员”;指“家庭”时视为一个整体，谓语用单数形式；指“家庭成员”时视为集合名词，谓语用复数形式。home“家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方;house“房子”，指居住的建筑物;【2-1】Jims-are watching TVA.family B. hom

4、e C.house D.families【2-2】There are many new _in our village. A. families B. homes C.houses D. home3. take v. 拿走；带到【辨析】take / bring / carry / get / fetch动词常见用法总结take“带走，拿走”，“taketo”,指把某物（人）从说话处带到别处；强调方向，不着重方式。注意take在购物时可代替buy表示“买”bring“带来，拿来”，“bringto”它与take所表示的方向相反。指把某物（人）从别处带到说话人所在的地方；carry“提；拿”，不强

5、调方向性，但有负重之意。fetch“取来，拿来” 指一往一返，相当于go and bring，去取了东西或带人再返回到出发处。强调的是动作的往返。get“取来，拿来”，口语用词，与fetch基本同义，语气随便。【1-1】 (2010.江苏盐城)Im sorry I left the book at home. I_ it here tomorrow,I promise.A.bring B.will bring C.brought D.have brought【答案】B【1-2】（2010湖北省襄樊市，27，1） William , please remember to _ the photo

6、taken in Canada here when you come to school tomorrow . Id like to have a look . OK. Ill introduce something about it to you myself.A. take B. pass C. bring D. carry【答案】C【1-3】（2010浙江杭州） Is tea ready? No, mother is _ it ready now.A. doing B. cooking C. burning D. getting【答案】D4. also adv. 也；亦；并且【辨析】 a

7、lso / too / either / as well副词常见用法总结also一般用于肯定句或疑问句中实义动词前，系动词、助动词或情态动词后。too一般用于肯定句句末，也可用于疑问句，一般用逗号与前面的句子隔开。either用于否定句句末，前面加逗号。as well与too在句中的位置相同，两者可以互换，但as well前不需加逗号。【4-1】 He is _saying,“I don”t want any bread, _.”A. too, also B. also, tooC. either, too D. also, either【4-2】 I _ study English and

8、Russian.A. too B. also C. either D. as well【4-3】Not only the children but _their father is in town.A. too B. also C. either D. as well【4-4】 John _ believes that bears hibernate in winter _.A. also, either B. too, as wellC. also, as well D. as well, too【4-5】The foreigner can speak English, he can spe

9、ak French _.A. neither B. also C. either D. as well【参考答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D重点短语lots of 许多；大量1） lots of = a lot of= plenty of 可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词2） 同义词：many +可数名词复数; much+不可数名词 Lots of / a lot of / many people eat fish on Fridays. 许多人每逢星期五吃鱼。【1-1】-You look very tired this morning. What did you do

10、yesterday afternoon? -I did _Christmas shopping.A. a lot of B. a few of C. a number of D. a piece of 【1-2】-Did you have lots of fun in the picnic? -Yes, it was so wonderful.A. many B. much C. a lot D. few 重点句型Lets. 让我们.【辨析】Lets / Let us1) Lets do sth. 表示提建议，意为“咱们做某事吧”，反意疑问句用shall we;2) Let us do sth

11、. 表示请求第三者允许，意为“让我们做某事吧” 反意疑问句一般用will you.【拓展】在英语中，表建议的方式有以下几种句型：1 Shall we do sth.? 我们做吗？2 Why not do sth.?=Why dont you / we do sth.?为什么不呢？3 Youd better (not) do sth. 你最好（不）做4 Would you like to do sth. 你想吗？5 What/How about doing sth. 怎么样？6 Its a good idea to do sth 做某事是个好主意7 Dont forget to do sth 不

12、要忘记去做某事【1-1】( )Lets go fishing after the exam, _? Sounds great! A. will you B. shall we C. wont you【答案】B【1-2】( )We dont have much homework this weekend . shall we go out together? OK! What about _a movie? A. to see B. seeing C. see D.sees【1-3】Lets go swimming next week, _ _? (完成反意疑问句)【1-4】Youd bette

13、r _(keep) quiet in the reading room.七年级（上）units7 12考点突破导航重点单词1. help v. 帮助；援助 【用法总结】（1） 帮助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth.（2） help sb. with sth.（3） help with sth. 帮助做某事（4） help sb. out 帮助某人解决难题（5） help oneself to sth. 随便吃/喝（6） cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事（7） with the help of = with ones help （8） ask sb. fo

14、r help 向某人寻求帮助（9） Can I help you ? 服务常用语，意为“您需要买什么/点什么菜?”同义句：What can I do for you ?【拓展】help 的形容词是helpful, 常用短语: be helpful to sb. 对某人有帮助。如：You have been very helpful to us.你帮了我们很多忙。【1-1】 We cant help _ (laugh) at the joke?【1-2】 Lin Fei often helps her parents _ (do) housework at home.39. （2011*深圳）

15、Its nice you me with my maths.A. for, to help B. for, helping C of, to help D. of, helping33. （2011*菏泽） Why didnt you go to play football with us yesterday afternoon? I _my mother with the housework then. A. helped B. was helping C. had helped D. have been helping 【1-3】 2. join v. 参加；加入 【辨析】join / t

16、ake part in / attendIts three years since Li Ming joined the Party.= Li Ming has been in the Party for three years.李明入党已经三年了。3. tell v. 告诉；讲述 【辨析】speak /say / tell / talk动词常见用法总结speak(1)vi.强调说话的能力，例：The baby cant speak.（2）vt.后面加语言，例：speak Englishsay一般作及物动词用，着重说话的内容，它的宾语可以是名词，代词或宾语从句。 tell常作及物动词，意为“讲

17、述，告诉，动词常跟双宾语。 tell sb sthtell sth to sb告诉某人某事。 talk一般为不及物动词，强调两个人之间的谈话 talk with sbtalk to sb. 【3-1】 -Who is talking _ your father in the room?- My uncle.A. with B.at C. about D. in A【3-2】 用于4. or conj. 或者 【辨析】 and / but / or and(用于肯定/ 疑问句中) 表并列，意为“和，而且”I like A and B. Do you like A and B?but表转折，意为“

18、但是”I like A, but I dont like B.or 1 表选择，意为“或者”；2 否定句中表并列，意为“和”3 Or 可表示假设，意为“否则”，可与if.not 句式互换。Do you like A or B?I dont like A or B.【4-1】 Linda didnt go shopping_ swimming yesterday. She stayed at home. B A. and B. or C. but D. then 【4-2】Study hard, _ you will fall behind. B A. and B.or C. but 【4-3】

19、He has a lot of money, _ he isnt happy. B A. and B. but C. so D. or【4-4】Is Bruce an American _ an Australian? A.or B.but C.and D.so重点短语 a little 少许；少量 【辨析】a little/ a few / little / few肯定意义否定意义后接名词 A little little+不可数名词 A fewfew+可数名词复数【温馨提示】（1）a few=several 几个；若干(2) a little =a bit = kind of 有点，用于形容

20、词/副词前(3) a little 可以表示动作的程度 “一点” I can play chess a little. 我对象棋略懂一二。(4) little 可以表示感情色彩较浓的“小”。 a little boy 一个小男孩【1-1】I dont understand the story though there are_new words in it. A. few B little C. a few D. a little A 【1-2】Dont you think its a little cold today? A. a bit of B. kinds of C. a bit C

21、【1-3】They found little bread on the table, _ _ ? did they【1-4】-Can you speak French? - Yes, but just _. D A few B.little C. a few D. a little 重点句型1. How much is / are ? 多少钱？How much are these pants? 这些裤子多少钱？【拓展】对价格的提问常用以下句型：1 How much is/are?2 How much do/does sth. cost?3 Whats the price of?【辨析】how

22、much/how many(1) how much 还可用来提问不可数名词的量。(2) how many 提问数量“多少”，后跟可数名词复数 【1-1】- _meat do we need for the dinner? D -Half a kilo is enough. A. How long B How far C. How many D. How much 【1-2】How many _ are there in the picture? C A. tea B.guitar C.clothes 2. What! 多么！ 感叹句式：引导词结构whatWhat+a/an+adj.+单数可数名

23、词+主语+谓语！What+ adj.+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语！howHow+adj./adv. +主语+谓语！【2-1】（2010江苏南京）-_beautiful day it is!Lets go and have a picnic in the park. -Good idea!A.How B.How a C.What D.What a【答案】D【2-2】(2010.江苏无锡)Kate has won the first prize in the singing competition. -_pleasant surprise this gave her classmates!A.What B.How C.What a D.How a【答案】C【2-3】(2010江苏省宿迁) _ great man Huang Furong is! He lost his life while saving the students in the Yushu earthquake.A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 【答案】D【2-4】(2010上海)_exciting sport it is to climb the mountains! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an【答案】D