高一英语必修一知识点精选梳理5篇.docx

1、高一英语必修一知识点精选梳理5篇高一英语必修一知识点精选梳理5篇 只有高效的学习方法，才可以很快的掌握知识的重难点。有效的读书方式根据规律掌握方法，不要一来就死记硬背，先找规律，再记忆，然后再学习，就能很快的掌握知识。 高一英语必修一知识点总结1 1. win, beat, defeat 表示获胜、取胜的词语 (1) win v. 赢，获胜，接比赛或奖项 win a game / a prize / an honor / a race. / Our team won the game 8 to 7. / He won by five points. / He won her love at l

2、ast. / He won the first place in the competition. (2) beat + 对手，表打败(尤指体育比赛) I can easily beat him at golf. (3) defeat 表战胜，接对手The enemy was defeated in the battle. 2. in the end, finally, at last 三者均可表示“(经过周折、等待、耽误)最后，终于”之意。不同的是： finally 一般用在句中动词前面，而 at last 与 in the end 的位置则较为灵活; 三者中at last 语气最为强烈，且

3、可单独作为感叹句使用。After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Dalian. / At last he knew the meaning of life. / At last! Where on earth have you been? / But in the end he gave in. 另外，finally还可用在列举事项时，引出最后一个内容，相当于lastly。 Firstly, we should make a plan; secondly, we should carry

4、it out; finally we should make a conclu- sion. 3. by sea, by the sea, in the sea, on the sea, at sea (1) by sea “走海路，乘船”，用来表示交通方式，同 by ship 同义。 These heavy boxes should be sent by sea. (2) by the sea “在海边”，相当于 by (at) the seaside。The children enjoyed themselves by the sea on Childrens Day. (3) in th

5、e sea “在海里，在海水中” There are many plants and animals in the sea. (4) on the sea “在海面上”，“在海岸边”。I want to live in a town with a beautiful position on the sea. (5) at sea 在海上;在航海 When he woke up, the ship was at sea. 4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth. (1) be afraid 意为“担心，害怕”，多用

6、于口语，常用来表示一种歉意，或遗憾，后可接 so 或 not，也可接 that 从句。Im afraid (that) 其语意相当于 Im sorry, but.。 - Are we on time? 我们准时吗? - Im afraid not. 恐怕不准时。Im afraid youll get caught in the rain. (2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于胆小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge. (3

7、) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“担心或害怕某事(发生)”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 5. live, living, alive, lively (1) live adj. 活的;活生生的;(只修饰生物;只作前置定语) The laboratory is doing experiments with several live monkeys. 实况直播的 (不是录音)It wasnt a recorded show. It was live. 带电的;燃着的;可爆炸的 This is a live wire. (

8、2) living adj. 活着的，有生命的(作表语或定语) She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. / The old man is still living. (或alive) (3) alive adj. 活着的; 有活力的;有生气 作后置定语：Whos the greatest man alive? 作表语：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people. 作补语：Lets keep

9、the fish alive. (4) lively adj. 活泼的;有生气的;活跃的(作表语或定语) The music is bright and lively. 高一英语必修一知识点总结2 虚拟语气 虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。 现归纳如下：纯假设，用虚拟，动词时态退一级：条件句，分主从，主句谓语前加would (should,could，might);表愿望,用虚拟，wish后面接宾语(从句)：现在过去与将来，动词时态退一级：提建议，用虚拟，宾语(从句)动词用(should)do

10、：俩建议，三要求，再加坚持与命令 (suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中， 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that?should do)。 下面举例说明： A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟) B、Without air,there would be no living

11、things.(同上) C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟) D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟) E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟) F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上) G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday，(主语从句虚拟) H、He sp

12、eaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟) 高一英语必修一知识点总结3 各种时态的被动语态 被动语态概述 被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被动语态的构成 被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主

13、语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下： 1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词

14、 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasnt. 7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词 注意： 1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和

15、过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions havent got answered. 2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如： More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work cant be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如： The probl

16、em is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如： The map was changed by someone.(被动结构) That custom remained unchang

17、ed for many centuries.(系表结构) 系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。 例如： He was very excited.(系表结构) He was much excited by her words.(被动结构) 5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如： These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 The door wont shut. 这门关不上。 The clothe

18、s wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。 高一英语必修一知识点总结4 【一般将来时】 1. 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 例句 I dont know what will happen in the future. 2. 常用来表示将来时的结构包括： (1) shall / will + 动词原形：(单纯) 表将来, 一般不用于条件句。 (2) be going to + 动词原形：(计划)打算做。 (3) be about to + 动词原形：即将或正要去做某事,通常不与时间状语连用,但可与when引导的从句连用。 (4) be to + 动词原形：预定要

19、做。 (5) be doing 表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作,常与go, start, set out, leave, reach, arrive, return, come, move等表位移的动词连用。 【现在完成时】 1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 例句 Have you had your supper yet? Yes, I have just had it. 2. 常与介词for, during, in, within, over等引导的时间状语连用, 表示过去的某一行为一直延续到现在。 例句 I havent seen my English tea

20、cher for a long time. 3. 表示反复或习惯性的动作, 常与several times, once, twice, frequently等频度副词连用。 例句 I have been to the USA several times. 4. 表示从过去到现在没有发生过的动作。 例句 I havent swept the floor for a week. 5. 用在时间、条件状语从句中, 表示从句动作先于主句动作完成。 例句 Ill tell him after you have left. 6. 在“级+ 名词”或在“这是第几次”之后跟定语从句，从句用现在完成时。 例句

21、This is the third time I have been there. This is the best tea I have ever drunk. 高一英语必修一知识点总结5 1.devotesto doing奉于 2.fight against对抗，反对，与作斗争 3.selflessly无私地 4.be free from免于，不受 5.be in prison入狱，在狱中服刑 6.the first man to do第一个的人 7.The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.

22、第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。 8.He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful. 他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。 9.become out of work.失业 10.hope that/to do 11.as soon as I could尽快，马上 12.We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important,or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我

23、们接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。 13.Only 位于句首，修饰状语从句时，主句采用部分倒装的语序。 Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem. 只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。 14.as a matter of fact事实上 15.blow up爆炸,打气 16.be equal to和平等 17.in trouble处于困境 遇到麻烦 18.be willing to do sth.愿意，乐于 19.turn to变成;求助于，借助于,翻到，转向 turn to sb forhelp

24、向某人求助 20.lose heart灰心;泄气,丧失勇气,失去信心 21.escape from逃脱，逃离，从逃出 22.should have done本应做而未做 neednt have done本不需要做而做了 cant have done过去不可能做过(对过去的否定推测) must have done对过去的肯定推测 23.pass the exam.通过考试 24.be better educated受到良好教育 e to power执政 26.be proud to do sth.be proud of sth为而自豪 27.set up创立，建立，架起，建造 The compa

25、ny was set up ten years ago.公司是十年前建立的。 28.be sentenced to被判处 29.Do you have any thoughts on that你认为那怎么样? 30.to my understanding按我的理解to my opinion 31.be accepted by被录取、接受 32.die from死于(事故等外部原因)die of死于(疾病等自身原因) 33.under way正在进行 34.point of view观点 pete with与竞争 36.advise v. advise+n./pron.advise+ doing advise sb.to do sth. advise+that从句(从句的谓语用“should+v原”，should常省略) 注：与advise用法类似的动词如forbid,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补时后跟不定式。 高一英语必修一知识点精选梳理5篇