中医英语答案1到4单元.docx

1、中医英语答案1到4单元第一课 一术语翻译 1. traditional Chinese medicine; TCM 中国医药学2. basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 中医基础理论3. clinical experience临床经验 4. treatment based on syndrome differentiation 辨证论治5. miscellaneous diseases杂病 6. Chinese pharmacy 中药学7. four properties and five tastes/flavors四气五味 8. acup

2、uncture and moxibustion; acumox 针灸9. classical Chinese philosophy古代中国哲学 10. sweating therapy; diaphoresis汗法 11. purgation 下法12. vomiting therapy; emetic therapy 吐法13. the School of Reinforcing the Earth补土派 14. etiology 病因学15. prescription; formula 方剂16. medical practice 医疗实践17. therapeutic principle

3、s 治疗原则18. herbs cold and cool in nature 寒凉药物19. nourishing yin and reducing fire滋阴降火 20. diseases caused by blood stagnation瘀血致病 二句子翻译 1. TCM has a history of thousands of years and is a summary of the Chinese peoples experience in their struggle against diseases.中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。 2.

4、TCM has a unique and integrated theoretical system. 中医学有完整独特的理论体系。3. TCM is a science that studies the rules of life as well as the occurrence, progress, prevention and treatment of diseases.中医学是研究人的生命规律以及疾病的发生发展和防治规律的一门科学。 4. Huangdis Canon of Medicine has laid a solid foundation for the formation

5、of theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine.黄帝内经为中医学理论体系的形成奠定了基础。 5. Classic of Difficulties has supplemented what was unaddressed in the Huangdis Canon of Medicine in many respects, especially in pulse lore. 难经在许多方面，尤其是在脉学上，补充了黄帝内经的不足。6. Discussion on the Causes and Symptoms of Various Di

6、seases is the earliest extant monograph on the causes and symptoms of diseases in China.诸病源候论是中医学最早的一部病因症候学专著。 7. Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient. 阳常有余，阴常不足。8. Internal impairment of the spleen and stomach causes various diseases. 内伤脾胃，百病由生。9. Compendium of Materia Medica

7、 is recognized as a monumental work in the history of Chinese materia medica and a great contribution to the development of pharmacology in the world.本草纲目是中药学史上的不朽著作，并对世界药学的发展作出了伟大的贡献。 10. Traditional Chinese materia medica includes not only medicinal herbs, but also minerals and animal parts.中药不但包含

8、草药，而且包含矿物药和动物药等。 11. In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there appeared the so-called four great medical schools.金元时期出现了后世称为“金元四大家”的医学流派。 12. Zhang Congzheng believed that all diseases were caused by exogenous pathogenic factors and advocated that pathogenic factors should be driven out by means of diaph

9、oresis, emesis and purgation. 张从正认为病由邪生，提倡汗,吐.下三法驱邪治病。13. Liu Wansu believed that “fire-heat” was the main cause of a variety of diseases and that these diseases should be treated with drugs cold and cool in nature. 刘完素认为“火热”为主要病因，用药以寒凉为主。14. Li Gao, entitled with the School of Reinforcing the Earth

10、, emphasized on warming and invigorating the spleen and stomach. 李杲主张治疗疾病以温补脾胃为主，被称为“补土派”。15. Zhu Danxi advocated the remedies of nourishing yin and reducing fire in treatment of diseases, so he was entitled as the School of Nourishing Yin.朱丹溪治病以滋阴降火为主，被称为“养阴派”。 16. Study on Warm Disease is a clinic

11、al specialty focusing on the occurrence, progress, diagnosis and treatment of warm diseases.温病是研究四时温病的发生.发展规律及其诊治方法的一门临床学科。 17. The School of Warm Disease has developed the rules of treatment of warm disease based on syndrome differentiation in light of defensive phase, qi phase, nutritive phase, 温病

12、学派创立了以卫气营血和三焦为核心的温病辨证论治规范。 18. Wang Qingren in the late Qing Dynasty corrected mistakes about anatomy made in ancient medical books and advocated the theory that diseases were caused by blood stagnation.王清任改正了古医术在人体解剖方面的错误，并倡导瘀血致病的理论。 19. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine has paved

13、 a new way for the development and modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. 中西医结合为中医的发展与现代化开辟了一条新途径。20. Great progress has been made in systematic and experimental study of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. 中医基础理论系统化和实验研究取得了快速的进展。知识点（1）四大经典书名，作者，贡献 Huangdi Neijing(Huangdis Cano

14、n of Medicine) by many medical experts in history .Its the earliest and greatest medical classic extant in China,the most authoritative one in TCM. It has developed the therapeutic principles based on syndrome differentiation ,seasonal changes, geographical localities and individual constitution. Na

15、njing(Classic of Difficulties)by Qin Yueren,also known as Bian Que.It has supplemented what was unaddressed in Huangdi Neijing in many respects ,especially in pulse lore.第二课 一术语翻译 1. five zang-organs; five zang-viscera五脏 2. six fu-organs 六腑3. system of meridians and collaterals经络系统 4. Holism整体观念 5.

16、organic wholenss 有机整体6. social attribute社会属性 7. (of the five zang-organs) open into开窍 8. sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store生长化收藏 9. diagnostics 诊断学10. relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi邪正关系 11. therapeutics 治疗学12. common cold due to wind and cold 风寒感冒13. different therapeut

17、ic methods used to treat the same disease同病异治 14. the same therapeutic method used to treat different diseases 异病同治15. balance of water metabolism 水液代谢平衡16. clearing away heart fire 清心火17. nature of disease疾病本质 18. treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side 以左治右19. drawing

18、yang from yin 从阴引阳20. treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part病在上者下取之。 二句子翻译 1. The theoretical system of TCM is mainly characterized by holism and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.中医理论体系有两个基本特点：一是整体观念，二是辨证论治。 2. TCM believes that the human body is an organic

19、whole.中医学认为人体是一个有机的整体。 3. The constituent parts of the human body are interdependent in physiology and mutually influential in pathology.人体各个组成部分在功能上相互为用，在病理上相互影响。 4. The holism permeates through the physiology, pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment of diseases. 整体观念贯穿于中医生理.病理

20、.诊法.辨证和治疗的各个方面。5. Changes in the natural world directly or indirectly influence the human body.自然界的变化又可以直接或间接的影响人体。 6. Qi and blood in the human body tend to flow to the exterior in spring and summer and to the interior in autumn and winter.人的气血春夏趋向于表，秋冬趋向于里。 7. The heart opens into the tongue and i

21、s internally and externally related to the small intestine. 心开窍于舌并与小肠相表里。8. TCM has noticed that the fact that social activity psychologically influences human beings. 中医认识到社会活动对心理的影响。9. According to TCM, the body and spirit coexist, interacting with each other and influencing each other. 中医强调形神共存，互

22、用并相互影响。10. Yang qi in the human body tends to flow to the exterior in the daytime and to the interior at night. 人体阳气白天多趋向于表，夜晚多趋向于里。11. Regional and climatic differences, to some extent, influence the physiological activities of the human body.地区气候的差异在一定程度上也影响着人体的生理活动。 12. Syndrome is a generalizati

23、on of pathological changes at a certain stage during the course of a disease.证是机体在疾病发展过程中的某一阶段的病理概括。 13. Treatment based on syndrome differentiation, one of the characteristics of TCM, is the basic principle in TCM for understanding and treating diseases. 辨证论治是中医认识疾病和治疗疾病的基本原则，i也是中医的基本特点之一。14. Syndr

24、ome includes the location, cause and nature of a disease as well as the state of pathogenic factors and healthy qi.证包括了病变的部位，原因，性质，以及邪正关系。 15. Differentiation of syndrome and treatment of disease are two inseparable aspects in diagnosing and treating diseases.辨证和论治是诊治疾病过程中相互联系不可分割的两个方面。 16. Clinical

25、 doctors pay great attention to the differentiation of diseases. But therapeutically they care more about the differentiation of syndromes because diseases can be cured by treating syndromes.临床中医注重辨病，但更注重辨证，从而通过治证来治疗疾病。 17. Syndrome can comprehensively and accurately reveal the nature of a disease.

26、证能更全面，更正确地揭示疾病的本质。18. Different diseases may demonstrate the same syndrome because of the similarity in pathogenesis. 不同的疾病可因相同的病机而出现相同的证。19. If the syndrome of middle qi sinking appears in two different diseases, they all can be treated by the therapeutic method for elevating middle qi. 如果两种疾病表现出相同

27、的中气下陷证，就均可用升提中气的方法治疗。20. The treatment of diseases in TCM does not only simply concentrate on the difference or similarity of diseases, but on the difference or similarity of pathogenesis. 中医治病不是单纯注重病之异同，而是病机之异同。第三课 一术语翻译 1. philosophical concept哲学概念 2. mutual transformation 相互转化3. balance of yin an

28、d yang 阴平阳秘4. transformation between yin and yang 阴阳转化5. extreme cold turning into heat 寒极生热6. pathological changes病理变化 7. absolute predominance绝对偏盛 8. general rule of pathogenesis病机总纲 9. supplementing what it lacks of 补其不足10. eliminating wind and dispersing cold 祛风散寒11. mutually inhibiting and prom

29、oting 相互消长 12. mutually inhibiting and restraining相互制约 13. interdependence 相互依存14. excess of yin leading to decline of yang阴胜则阳病 15. contrary and supplementary to each other相反相成 16. organic whole有机整体 17. impairment of yang involving yin阳损及阴 18. deficiency of both yin and yang 阴阳两虚19. deficiency cold

30、 syndrome 虚寒证20. suppressing yang and eliminating wind潜阳熄风 三句子翻译 1. Yin and yang are two concepts in classical Chinese philosophy. 阴阳是中国古代哲学 的一对范畴。2. Yin and yang are the summarization of the attributes of two opposite aspects of interrelated things or phenomena in nature.阴阳是自然界相互关联的某些事物和现象对立双方的概括。

31、3. The formation, development and changes of all things in the universe are the result of the movement of yin and yang that oppose to each other and unite with each other.宇宙间一切事物的发生发展和变化都是阴阳对立统一矛盾运动的结果。 4. The celestial qi pertains to yang because it is light and lucid, while the terrestrial qi pert

32、ains to yin because it is heavy and turbid.天气轻清故属阳，地气重浊故属阴。 5. The course of mutual restraint and inhibition between yin and yang signifies their process in mutual reduction and promotion.阴阳相互制约的过程就是相互消长的过程。 6. Yin cannot exist alone without yang and vice versa.没有阴也就无以言阳，没有阳亦无以言阴。 7. Separation of yin and yang results in exhaustion of essen