牛津译林版七年级英语下册Unit7语法知识点讲解 情态动词cancould和may的用法及感叹句.docx

1、牛津译林版七年级英语下册Unit7语法知识点讲解 情态动词cancould和may的用法及感叹句牛津译林版七年级英语下册Unit7语法知识点讲解 情态动词can，could和may的用法情态动词can，could，may的用法1.情态动词的定义表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度或表示主观设想。情态动词没有实际的词义，不能独立作谓语，后接动词原形，一起构成谓语。情态动词可表示命令、可能、请求、义务、能力、需要等。情态动词有can/could，may/might, must，shall/should，need等。如：Ask Mr Hu. He may tell you the correct ans

2、wer.问问胡老师。他可能会告诉你正确的答案。You shouldnt do that.你不该做那件事。Could you swim when you were five?你五岁时会游泳吗？I must go now.我现在必须走了。2. 情态动词can, could的用法表示能力。can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。Last year Daniel couldnt play tennis.去年丹尼尔不会打网球。Can you play the piano?你会弹钢琴吗？一Yes, I can.是的，我会。表示可能性。Man cant live without air.没有空气，人

3、类不可能生存。表示许可(多用于口语)。Can I sit here? 我可以坐在这里吗？表示请求。比较委婉地向对方提出请求或征求意见时，could不表示过去，它与can此时没有时间上的差别，可以用can来代替，但could的语气比can的语气更委婉、客气。could主要用于疑问句中，不用于肯定句中，因此回答时要改用can，婉言拒绝请求可用“Im afraid.”。Could I smoke here?我可以在这儿吸烟吗？一Im afraid you cant.恐怕你不可以。3.情态动词may的用法 表示可能性。She may be busy these days.这些天她可能很忙。The st

4、ory may not be true.这个故事可能不是真的。表示允许或征求对方的许可。一May I go to the shopping mall?我可以去购物中心吗？ Yes, you may.是的，你可以。No, you mustnt.不，你不可以。表示祝愿。May you succeed! 祝你成功！ 巩固练习A Talking about ability with can/ couldA1 Make some sentences use can/ could according to the pictures. shooting (Amy) swimming (Linda) divi

5、ng (Fang Fang) weight lifting (Chu Chu)Example: Amy couldnt shoot last year. Amy can shoot this year.A2 They are talking about some abilities on housework, please fill in the blanks.(1)Amy: (Can) you (cook) now?Betty: Yes, I (can) cook many dishes.A: Really? But I ( ).B: It doesnt matter. Last year,

6、 I ( ), either.A: Could you teach me?B: Of course, I think you ( ) learn it quickly.A: Thank you. I ( ) cook, but I ( ) do some washing. Amy BettyB: Well, but I think its less interesting than cooking. A: Maybe. (2)Mei Mei: My mother ( ) cook very delicious dishes. Ling Ling: Oh, my mother ( ), beca

7、use she is very busy.M: But I think you ( ) help your mother, and thats not Hard for you.L: Yes, I think so. But now, I ( ) at all.Mei Mei Ling Ling A 3 Please use could and can to compare your abilities when you were a little child and now . Write at least 5 sentences. _A4 Chooses the right answer.

8、1: When you talk about your abilities, you can use: ( ) A: can B: could C: be D: A and B2: When you talk about the abilities before , you can use : ( )A: could B: couldnt C: can D: cant3: Which is right below? ( )A: coulds B: canes C: could not D: couldes4: Which has the same meaning to can? ( )A: b

9、e able to B: want C: be 5:Can you help me do some shopping? ( )A: sorry, I cant. B: certainly, I couldnt.C: I couldnt. D: sorry, I can.B Talking about possibility with can / could and chances with may / might. B1 Read the sentences, then complete the sentences by using can and could with the verbs.1

10、 Jane studies English every day, and she always talks to others in English .She will speak English.Soon she _ (talk) to her foreign friends from England in English .2 John has poor eyesight, so he always wear a pair of glasses .If he does not wear the glasses, he will not see anything clearly.Today,

11、 he forgets to bring his glasses, so he _ (see)anything on the blackboard clearly.3 Sally is good at singing; she will be a singer in Singing Club.There will be a Singing Match, she_(be) the winner in the match.4 It was a rainy day last Sunday, and it was raining all the day .We _(go) to anywhere, b

12、ut we _(stay)at home.5 Linda did not review very well some months ago ,and she always talked to others in the classes .Linda_(get) the good mark in that exam.B2 Choose the right answer 1.He asked me for this book many timesPlease tell him that he_have it tomorrow. Amust Bmay Cshall DBoth B and C2.-

13、Will your brother stay home tonight?I m not quite sure. He _ to the cinema tonight. A. must go B. can go C. may go D. may be going3.You_ return the book nowYou can keep it till next week if you like Acan t Bmustnt Cneednt Dmay not4.I thought you_ like something to read, so I have brought you some bo

14、oks Amay Bmight Ccould Dmust5._ you succeed and _ you be healthy AMay may BWish wish CHope hope D. Should mayB3 Mr. Wu wants to check his students if they understand how to use can , could, may and might . He asks Sandy to finish the sentences by choosing the correct word. Help her finish them. 1. -

15、Could I borrow your bike? -Yes, of course you _ (could, can).2. Last year I _ (cant, couldnt) swim, but I _ (can, could) swim now.3. He _ (cant, may not) be a good student because he is often late for school.4. - _ (May, Might) I go out now? - No, you mustnt. You must stay at home.5. Whose _ (may, m

16、ight) it be? I think it might be Simons.参考答案：A:Linda couldnt swim last year.Linda can swim this year.Fang Fang couldnt dive 3 years ago .Fang Fang can dive now. Chu Chu couldnt weight lift before .Chu Chu can weight lift now . A2(1)Cant couldnt can cant can (2)can cant can cantA3 略A4 (1)D (2)A (3)C

17、(4)A (5)AB B1 1 can talk 2 cant see 3 can be 4 couldnt go could stay 5 couldnt get B2 1B 2 C 3 D 4 B 5 A B3 1.-Could I borrow your bike? -Yes, of course you can (could, can).2. Last year I couldnt (cant, couldnt) swim, but I can (can, could) swim now.3. He cant (cant, may not) be a good student beca

18、use he is often late for school.4. - May (May, Might) I go out now? - No, you mustnt. You must stay at home.1.Whose might (may, might) it be? I think it might be Simons.语法链接：感叹句的用法同学们，你们知道感叹句吗？如何使用感叹句呢？表示强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句有固定的结构，只要大家掌握了其结构，运用起来就会很容易。【感叹句的结构】一、由what引导由what引导感叹句时，其后的中心词必须有名词，常见的结构如下：1. W

19、hat + a / an + 形容词 + 单数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)！如：What a good boy (he is)! (他是)多么好的男孩子啊！What an interesting story (this is)! (这是)多么有趣的故事啊！2. What + 形容词 + 复数名词或不可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语）！如：What big birds (they are)! (它们是)多么大的鸟啊！What fresh air (it is)! (它是)多么新鲜的空气啊！二、由how引导由how引导感叹句时，其后的中心词必须是形容词或副词，常见的结构如下：1. How + 形容词

20、(+ 主语 + 谓语)！如：How lovely (the baby is)! (这个婴儿)多可爱呀！2. How + 副词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)！如：How fast (she runs)! (她跑得)多快呀！【特别提醒】1. 被修饰的中心词如果是名词，要用what，如果是形容词或副词，就用how。2. 为了简洁，句子的主语和谓语常常省略，即上面括号中的内容。3. what与how引导的感叹句可以表达相同的意义。因此，它们之间常常进行同义句转换。如：What a heavy rain it is! = How heavy the rain is! 多么大的一场雨啊！4. 将句子变为感叹句时

21、，要先排除主谓，然后看句子的剩余部分(被感叹的部分)有没有名词：有名词的，引导词用what；是形容词或副词的，就要用how引导。最后把主谓部分放在句子末尾，标点改为感叹号。如：He is a good student. (变为感叹句)【分析】本题的主谓部分为He is，剩余部分是a good student，我们可以看出student是名词，因此，引导词用what，变成What a good student, 最后再把主谓部分he is放在What a good student的末尾。即：What a good student he is!感叹句练习一、完成下列感叹句。1)._ difficu

22、lt homework we had yesterday!2)._cute dog it is!3)._ interesting the story is!4)._ bad the weather in England is!5)._ honest boy Tom is！6)._ tasty smell the cake gave off!7)._ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8)._ exciting news youve brought us!9)._cool your new car is!10)._ scary these tiger

23、s are!二、选择填空。1. _ fast the boy ran!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, howB. What, whatC. How, whatD. What, how3. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. H

24、ow B. How an C. What D. What an5. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an6. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an7. I miss my friend very much. _ I want to see her!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an8.

25、 _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an9. _ beautiful your new dress is!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an三、所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：1. The boy swam very fast._ _ the boy swam!2. The

26、 school trip is very exciting._ _ the school trip is!3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter._ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!4. It is a very useful dictionary._ _ _ dictionary it is!_ _ _ dictionary is!5. The students are listening very carefully._ _ the students are listening!参考答案：一、What，What a, How, How，What an, What, What a, What, How, How二、BAACA CACAC三、1. How fast 2. How exciting 3. How beautiful 4. What a useful, How useful the 5. How carefully