高考英语总复习阅读理解社会文化.docx

1、高考英语总复习阅读理解社会文化高考英语总复习-阅读理解(社会文化)一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasant voice which is fully under your control; and you mu

2、st be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he doesnt sit still before his class; he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to e

3、xpress feelings. There are very important differences between the teachers work and the actors. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually

4、 fixed beforehand(预先).What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand anythin

5、g, they say so. The teacher cant learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along. I have known many teachers who are fine actors in class but are unable to take part in a stage-play because they cant keep strictly to what another has written.（1）From the passage, we know_. A.a good teach

6、er should be a good actor.B.a good teacher may be unable to act well on the stage.C.a good actor should be a good teacher.D.a good actor may act well in class.（2）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.A good teacher should speak clearly.B.A good teacher should sit still befor

7、e his class and speak with his body language.C.A good actor should speak as others have asked him to do.D.A good actor should repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part.（3）The skills of a good teacher are _ . A.draw his students attention.B.change his voice when needed.C.act out

8、 what he is teaching.D.all the above.（4）The title (标题)of the passage is _. A.How to be a good teacher.B.How to be a good actor.C.A good teachers knowledge.D.A good actors behavior.【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了教师职业与演员职业的异同。 （1）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“I have known many teachers who are fine actor

9、s in class but are unable to take part in a stage-play because they cant keep strictly to what another has written.”我认识许多老师，他们在课堂上是很好的演员，但在舞台剧中却表演不好，因为他们不能严格遵守别人提前写好的内容，可知，一个好老师不一定在表演台上能表演好。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he doesnt sit still before his class; he st

10、ands the whole time he is teaching”看一个好老师，你会看到他常常不会静静地在教室前边坐着，他在教授的整节课上都会站着，可知，一个好老师不应该就在班级前坐着，所以选项B描述不正确。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，要成为一名优秀的教师，你需要具备某些好演员的天赋。你必须能hold住观众（学生）的注意力和兴趣点。语言要清晰，声音要宏亮、悦耳，而且收放自如。.而且为了让你所传授的东西更好地被理解，你应该能把你它表演出来。，故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文第一段提出了做一名好老师应该具有的天赋，以及通过与演员职业对比，说明做老师与做演员的差异。文章从前到

11、后都在告诉我们如何才能成为一名好老师。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 BEIJING/SAO PAULO-Chinese traditions like cockfighting like-flying and fireworks have been quite common in Brazil for many years. Despite the thousands of kilometers between them, Chinas histo

12、rical and artistic mark on Brazil has existed for about 300 years, said Brazilian sinologist (汉学家) Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite in his book China in Brazil. Influences from China can date from the colonial period, even up to the time after after Brazils independence. The commercial relationship betwe

13、en the two countries has existed for a long time, he noted, adding that incoming ships would fill up Brazilian cities like Salvador, Rio de Janeiro and Recife with Chinese products like porcelain (瓷器), silk and fans He also found Chinese influence not only in the arts and architecture of Brazil but

14、also in the most diverse areas of Brazilian society, like the economy, medicine and popular culture. At the end of the 19th century, in Pernambuco, (a state in northeastern Brazil), there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons. Teixeira added. The book took him

15、about 15 years to finish. The impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies, he said. Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil. Besides, the sinologist did research on the mar

16、k and presence of China in the architecture and arts of Brazil. It was through art that China awoke in me, first, curiosity, after that, interest, and finally, passion, Teixeira said. In 1992, the sinologist visited Macao to do research for his doctoral thesis about the marks and presence of China i

17、n Brazil, and that trip impressed him a lot. In 2013, Teixeira had a chance to visit the Chinese cities of Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai, and got to know the past and present of the great country culturally, as well as its incredible material development.（1）What does the underlined sentence imply?

18、A.Brazilian childrens love for dragons as Chinese children.B.The development of China-Brazil frequent trade cooperation.C.A further understanding of the cultures of the two countries.D.Chinas influence on most diverse areas of Brazilian society.（2）What marks a new stage of Chinese studies for Brazil

19、ian? A.Childrens clothes.B.The sinologists traveling.C.The sinologists book.D.Chinas porcelain.（3）What fired the sinologists passion for Chinese studies? A.Chinese art.B.Chinese customs.C.The history of China.D.Chinas development.（4）What is the best title for this passage? A.The Impression of China

20、on Sinologist.B.China and Brazil in Eyes of SinologistC.An Introduction to Sinologists New BookD.The Future of China-Brazil Trade Relations【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴西汉学家Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite眼中的中国和巴西。 （1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“Influences from China can date from the colonial period, ev

21、en up to the time after after Brazils independence.”可知中国的影响可以追溯到殖民地时代，甚至到巴西独立之后。从画线句所在的句子“At the end of the 19th century, in Pernambuco,（a state in northeastern Brazil）, there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons可知19世纪末，在巴西东北部的一个州，伯南布哥，有一个习俗，孩子们睡在装饰有中国龙的衣服上。因此

22、，划线句子显示的是中国对巴西社会各个领域的影响。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的The impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies, he said. Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil.可知这本书的影响令我吃惊，尽管它是由一家大学出版社出版的

23、，印刷量只有1000册。有人说这本书代表了巴西中国研究的一个转折点。因此，这本书标志着巴西人的汉语研究进入了一个新的阶段。故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的It was through art that China awoke in me, first, curiosity, after that, interest, and finally, passion, Teixeira said.”可知正是通过艺术，中国在我心中觉醒，首先是好奇心，然后是兴趣，最后是激情，特谢拉说。因此，是艺术激发了这位汉学家对中国研究的热情。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，巴西汉学家Jos

24、e Roberto Teixeira Leite从艺术，商业，经济，医学，文化，建筑等方面介绍了中国对巴西的影响。所以短文的最佳标题为“汉学家眼中的中国和巴西”。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 On hearing the words Just do it!, you will know there is a Nike product nearby. If its “Always Coca-Cola”, you can

25、 be sure someone wants to sell you a refreshing drink. An advertising slogan(广告标语) is to a brand what eyes are to a person. The slogan helps people understand the brand better by telling them what it wants to sell to its customers. Good slogans leave a message inside peoples minds. Its almost certai

26、n that every brand has a popular slogan. Here are a few examples: Just do it!-This slogan speaks out to teens. It tells them to do something, but only if they think its worth it. And if so, why not do it wearing Nike? Always Coca-Cola.-Cokes slogans change every few years, but this one has enjoyed a

27、 lasting popularity because it shows the brands spirit. It seems to say Coke is the only drink there is; there are no other forms of drinks. Share moments, share life.-This slogan from Kodak connects photos and beauty. It asks people to remember the happy moments in life by taking photos of them-usi

28、ng Kodak film of course!（1）What would be the best title for the text? A.Just Do It!B.Slogan And BrandC.Famous SlogansD.What Is A Good Slogan?（2）Which of the following can best explain the underlined sentence (paragraph 2)? A.A good advertising slogan should draw peoples attention.B.A brand should ha

29、ve an advertising slogan just as people have eyes.C.An advertising slogan is as important to a brand as eyes are to a person.D.An advertising slogan acts as the eyes of a brand.（3）The word them in the last paragraph refers to_. A.peopleB.the happy momentsC.photos and beautyD.Kodak film（4）Which of th

30、e following tables can best match the slogans with their brands? A.B.C.D.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了品牌与标语之间的关系。 （1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On hearing the words Just do it!, you will know there is a Nike product nearby. If its Always Coca-Cola, you can be sure someone wants to sell you a refres

31、hing drink.”介绍了品牌与标语之间的关系，下文举了几个例子，故选B。 （2）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“The slogan helps people understand the brand better by telling them what it wants to sell to its customers. Good slogans leave a message inside peoples minds.”标语帮助人们更好地理解品牌，告诉他们它想卖给顾客什么。好的标语在人们的头脑中留下了一个信息。 可知，使用“An advertising slogan(广告标语) is

32、 to a brand what eyes are to a person.” 作者把标语对于品牌的作用比作眼睛对于人的作用，也就是说广告标语对一个品牌和眼睛对一个人一样重要。故选C。 （3）考查代词指代。根据最后一段中“It asks people to remember the happy moments in life by taking photos of them-using Kodak film of course!”可知，them指的是前文的“happy moments”。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The slogan helps people understand the brand better by telling them what