山西省永济中学高二英语下学期期末考试试题.docx

1、山西省永济中学高二英语下学期期末考试试题山西省永济中学2020高二英语下学期期末考试试题(本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考查范围与高考相同。）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题，每小题3分，共45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThere are many universities that have been in existence for a long time and are still very popular for their quality education. The fol

2、lowing are three of them.University of Oxford, EnglandThe foundation year of this university is around 1096. There is evidence of teaching being undertaken then. It gained a lot of popularity in the early 1167, as Henry put a ban on English students from entering the University of Paris. It is regar

3、ded as one of the best places to get a higher education today, and it consists of 38 different colleges specializing in various fields of study.University of Salamanca, SpainThis is the oldest university in Spain, and is located in the town of Salamanca, west of Madrid. It is the third oldest univer

4、sity in Europe that has been in continuous operation since it was founded in 1218. Today, it is the most important institution in the world for studying humanities and languages. Christopher Columbus is said to have consulted with its scholars when he was seeking a route to Indies.University of Padu

5、a, ItalyThis is the chief university of Italy. It was started as a law school. It is said to be founded in 1222 by a group of students and professors. Theology (神学) and law were the first subjects taught here. The fields of botany, history, and theater are the most well-known and pursued courses her

6、e, and it has established its greatness in the educated world. In 2020, it was ranked as the best university among all Italian educational institutions for higher education.1. How did the University of Oxford become quite popular?A. It received a lot of financial support from Henry .B. It decided to

7、 run more courses to educate more students.C. Henry allowed the university to accept foreign students.D. Henry forbade English students to attend the University of Paris.2The author mentions Christopher Columbus to show .A. scholars in the University of Salamanca are knowledgeableB. Columbus graduat

8、ed from the University of SalamancaC. Columbus was grateful for the help provided by the universityD. some of his friends in the university held a farewell party for him3What do we know about the University of Padua?A. It is located in the west of Madrid.B. It is the third oldest university in Europ

9、e.C. Theology and law were the first subjects taught there.D. It is the premier institution in the world for studying humanities.BEvery summer there are a few reports of shark attacks at beaches, and every year people seem shocked. Here are the facts: Sharks live in the water, and when people go in

10、the water they become a potential food source for sharks. Sharks attack humans for the same reason they do anything: because they are trying to survive. Still, shark attacks are not common, and if you head to the beach your chances of getting eaten arent very high. Most sharks, especially those clos

11、e to shore, arent big enough to threaten you.The whale shark is technically the largest shark in the world at a maximum length of around fifty feet. However, the whale shark is a filter feeder (滤食动物), and unless you are plankton (浮游生物), you have nothing to fear from it.Sharks are dangerous animals,

12、and if you decide to go into the water, you are entering their area. But the sad truth is that sharks have far more to fear from humans than we do from them. Illegal fishing practices have decreased the shark population around the world, and few species go unscathed. When a shark attacks a human the

13、y are only trying to survive, but humans have destroyed the shark population for no reason other than greed. As much as you may fear sharks, they are a very important part of the natural world. With proper education and conservation efforts many species can come back, but only if enough people are i

14、nterested in making a difference.A healthy fear of sharks or any wild animal is a good thing. It reminds us of our place in the world from time to time. And, remember, the surest way to avoid a shark attack is to stay out of the water!4Why do sharks attack humans every summer?A. They want to drive h

15、umans away.B. They want to survive.C. They treat humans as interesting toys.D. They become strong after attacking humans.5What can we know about the whale shark from the text?A. It mainly feeds on plankton in the oceans.B. It is the second largest shark in the world.C. It can grow to a minimum lengt

16、h of 50 feet.D. It is the most dangerous animal for humans.6What should humans do according to the last paragraph?A. Benefit from all wild animals.B. Avoid fearing sharks of all kinds.C. Live in harmony with wild animals.D. Stay in sharks area while swimming.7What can be known from the text?A. Prote

17、ctive efforts havent made any difference.B. Humans have more to fear from sharks than they do from us.C. The shark population has decreased greatly because of human greed.D. Humans have become greedier ever since sharks began to attack hmans.CWith the rise of digital technology, paper maps have grad

18、ually given way to satellite-aided travel. Of course, there are numerous advantages of GPS. You do not need to understand complex map symbols or plot out your route. Youre less likely to get lost because GPS announces turn-by-turn directions in real time. GPS automatically updates itself. It informs

19、 you of traffic jams and changes your route if necessary.But even with so many pluses, GPS isnt as reliable or accurate as you might think. Physical maps still offer a few advantages that technology cant. For one thing, studying a map allows you to have a whole view of where youre going, including t

20、he roads, forests, towns, historic sites, rivers, mountains and cities youll run into along the way. You simply dont get that from a small GPS screen that shows little more than your next exit. According to Betsy Mason, author of “All Over The Map: A Cartographic Odyssey”, maps can be far more than

21、just navigational (导航的) aid. He thinks many older maps are brilliant, offering a lovely feast for the eyes. Plus, they can take you back in time, showing you how places transform across the ages.Maps even occasionally bring about surprising results. For example, when geologists compared maps of dama

22、ge from the 1906 San Francisco earthquake with maps of the geologic structure under these areas, they quickly noticed a connection between the type of rock and sediment (沉积物) beneath buildings and their possibility of falling down.A paper map is a must-have for your travels. So next time you get aro

23、und, also carry a paper map or a book of maps as a handy backup. It will increase your travel experiences and could even be a life-saver.8One advantage of GPS is that .A. it is regularly updated B. it guarantees no traffic jamsC. it offers totally reliable information D. it helps you understand map

24、symbols9What does Mason think about old maps?A. They are worth a lot of money. B. They help us explore a places past.C. They tell us some local traditions D. They offer a full picture of the destination.10What does the author intend to tell us by the example in Paragraph 3?A. Maps played a role in s

25、aving victims. B. Maps may lead to important discoveries.C. We should use maps to predict the quake D. We should learn lessons from the disaster.11What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Advantages of Using GPS B. Ways of Using Paper MapsC. Are Digital Maps on the Rise? D. Why We Still Need Pap

26、er Maps?DIt sounds almost too good to be true, but a new study on sleeping brains suggests that listening to languages while you sheep can actually help you to learn them. “What we found in our study is that the sleeping brain can actually encode (编码) new information and store it for a long term,” s

27、aid Marc Zst, co-first-author of the paper.For the study, researchers played recordings of foreign words and their translations to sleeping subjects enjoying deep sleep, a stage when a person has little consciousness (意识) of their environment. To ensure that the results were not compromised by forei

28、gn language words that subjects may have had some connection with at some point in their waking lives, researchers made up totally artificial foreign words. When the subjects woke up, they were presented with the artificial words again without their translations. The subjects were then asked to imag

29、ine whether they meant an object that was smaller or larger than a shoebox.Unbelievably, the subjects were able to correctly classify the words in this way at an accuracy rate that was 10 per cent higher than random chance. Thats not a rate high enough to have them suddenly speak in a foreign tongue

30、, but it is enough to suggest that the brain is still absorbing information on some level, even during sleep.“If you present biktum and bird to sleeping humans, their brains can make a new connection between the known concept bird and the completely new and unknown word biktum, ” Zst explained. “Thi

31、s sleep-formed memory trace (痕迹) lasts until the following wakefulness and can influence how you react to biktum even though you think youve never met with that word before. “I find it amazing that humans are competent at such complex information processing without consciousness,” said Zst.The next

32、step for researchers will be to see if new information can be acquired quicker during wakefulness if it is already presented during sleep. If so, it could forever change how we train our brains to learn new things. Sleep learning might become a widespread practice.12What can we do according to the new study?A. Improve our memory greatly. B. Learn languages while sleeping.C. Change our sleep in a positive way. D. Speak new vocabulary during deep sleep.13What does the unde