新教材译林版英语必修第二册 Unit1 Grammar 学案.docx

1、新教材译林版英语必修第二册 Unit1 Grammar 学案学生姓名： 辅导内容：B2 U1-Grammar 教学目标：重点单词：adapt/regard/solution重点句型：过去分词作状语/not only.but also重点语法：主谓一致【同步知识梳理】一、重点单词分析知识点1： adapt adaptable adj. 适合的；能适应的；可修改的 adaptation. 适应；改编；改编本，改写本 原文：In 1976, Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film 在1976年，迪士尼将这本书改编成卡通电影。(教材P6)用法解析及拓展：

2、vt. 改编，改写；使适应 vi. 适应(1)adapt sth (for sth) 使适应，使适合（新用途、新情况） adapt oneself to sth 适应（新情况） adapt sth into sth 把改编成 be adapted from 由 改编成(2) adopt a child 领养孩子 adopt different approaches to the problem. 采用不用方法来处理这个问题。例：Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. 这些工具多数已经

3、过特别改装，供残疾人使用。It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings. 他过了好一阵子才适应了新环境。Three of her novels have been adapted for television. 她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。This recipe is an adaptation of an old favourite. 这个食谱是一个传统名食谱的改编。Tomorrows workers will have to be more adaptable. 未来的工人必须具有更强的适应性。例题训练：

4、If you start thinking smarter, you can _. 如果你开始更明智地思考，你可以适应气候变化He tried hard to _ the new conditions. 他努力使我自己适应新的状况。The movie _ is well received by people. 这部改编自小说的电影很受人们的欢迎。Keys： adapt for the weather changes adapt himself to adapted from a novel 知识点2： regard regardless adj. 不管的，不顾的； adv.不管怎样，无论如何原

5、文：, which is widely regarded as a classic.，它被广泛认为是一部经典之作？(教材P6)用法解析及拓展：vt. 将认为，看待；注视(1)regard as将认为；把视为；看待with regard to 关于；至于in this regard 就这一点而言in regard to 关于regard for 对的注意没，尊重；考虑到(2) regardless of 无论；不管；不顾例：He seemed to regard the whole thing as a joke. 他似乎是把整件事当成玩笑。I have nothing further to s

6、ay in this regard. 在这方面，我没什么要说的了。In regard to time, 30,000 seconds is actually only a little over eight hours. 而以时间的角度，30000秒实际上只有8个多小时。She had an almost Germanic regard for order. 她简直像德国人一样讲究条理。例题训练：Earthquake sites _ a sad memory rather than a tool to bring in money.地震遗址应被当作悲伤的回忆，而不应沦为赚钱的工具_your q

7、uestions about my future career choices, I am determined to be an interpreter. 关于你对我未来的职业选择的疑问，我下定决心要做一名口译员。I _ him and what he has achieved. 我非常尊重他和他所取得的成就。Everyone has the right to good medical care _ their ability to pay. 无论支付能力如何，每个人都有权得到良好的医疗。Keys：should be regarded as In regard to have a very

8、high regard for regardless of知识点3：solution solve vt.解决；解答原文：, but the film team was able to find a solution. 但是拍摄团队找到了解决的办法。(教材P7)用法解析及拓展：n. 解决方法，处理手段，答案(1)a solution to sth 的解决办法,处理手段; 的答案；解；谜底(2) solve the problem of waste disposal. 解决废物处理的问题。 solve an equation/a puzzle/a riddle 解方程；解难题；解谜 solve a

9、 crime/mystery 破案；解开奥秘例：Theres no simple solution to this problem. 这个问题没有简单的解决办法。The solution to last weeks quiz is on page 81. 上星期测验的答案在第81页。The government should take effective measures to solve problems that faced by those poor children. 政府应该采取有效的措施来解决贫困儿童面临的问题。例题训练：They expressed cautious optimi

10、sm about _. 他们对解决危机持谨慎的乐观态度I thank you from the bottom of my heart for helping me _. 我从心底感激你帮助我解决这一问题。Keys：a solution to the crisis solve this problem二、重点句式分析知识点1：过去分词作状语原文： Based on Rudyard Kiplings book of the same title, it describes the story of a boy named Mowgli.这部小说改编自拉迪亚德吉卜林的同名小说，讲述了一个名叫毛克利的

11、男孩的故事。 (教材P7)用法解析及拓展：本句中“Based on Rudyard Kiplings book of the same title”，在句中作状语，“based”为过去分词，其逻辑主语和主句主语均为“it”，其与逻辑主语“it”构成被动关系，即：it is based on。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。(1)原因状语Absorbed in the book, the boy didnt notic

12、e his mother came in. 因为全神贯注的在看书，那个男孩没有注意到他妈妈进来。(2)时间状语Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。(3)条件状语Given more time, I can do this job better. 如果给我更多的时间，我能把这工作做得更好。(4) 方式或伴随状语Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully. 那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。The

13、 old man sat on the grass, staring at the sky. 那位老人坐在草地上,凝视着天空。(5)让步状语Defeated again, he didnt lose heart. 尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。例题训练： _ (give) more encouragement, the boy could have behaved better. 如果多给这个孩子一些鼓励，他本来会表现得更好。 _ (face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 在遇到困难时，我们必须设法克服。_ (born) i

14、n this beautiful town, he hates to leave it. 出生于这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开它。Keys：Given Faced Born知识点2：not only but also 不仅 而且原文： Not only the animals but also the forest looks so real. 不仅是动物，森林看起来也是如此真实。(教材P7)用法解析及拓展：(1) not only but also 用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，这种强调后者，意为“不仅 而且”，其中also有时候可以省略。(2) not only but also 连接两个分

15、句， not only 位于句首时， not only后的分句要用部分倒装。(3) not only but also 连接两个成分作主语时，其谓语动词通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即“就近原则”例：One should not only observe but also help. 不但要看， 而且要帮。Not only does she speak Spanish, shes also good with computers. 她不仅会说西班牙语，还精通计算机Not only the teacher but also all the students are worried about the

16、 result of the exam.不仅是老师，所有的学生也都担心考试的结果。例题训练：Mandela was _ a great president, _ a great human being. 曼德拉不仅是一位好总统，更是一名伟人。Not only _, they want reduced hours as well. 护士们不仅想涨工资，还想缩短工作时间。Not only Tom but also his children _ to New Years Party. 不但是汤姆，而且他的孩子们都受邀请出席了新年晚会。Keys： not only; but (also) do the

17、 nurses want a pay increase were invited 【同步语法梳理】主谓一致的定义主谓一致是句子主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致，一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。三大原则（一）语法一致原则主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。（1）动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Smoking is a bad habit. 吸烟是一个坏习惯。To have known you is a privilege.认识了你真是荣幸。 what you can see here is that you get this in

18、teresting pattern. 现在你们可以看到这个有趣的图形。Everything is in a complete mess, which drives people crazy.所有的事情都毫无头绪，让人发疯。（2）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。Coursework, as well as exam results, is taken in

19、to account. 除考试结果外，课程作业也要计入成绩。I think Tom, rather than you is to blame for the accident.我认为是汤姆而不是你该为这起事故负责任。The teacher, along with his students, was present at the meeting yesterday.这个老师和他的学生都参加了昨天会议（3）and, both.and.连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。Mike and Sue are always rowing. 迈克和休总是吵架 Both Beijing and Shang

20、hai are big cities. 北京和上海都是大都会。注意：如果and连接两个单数可数名词或不可数名词，表示同一人、同一物或同一概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting. 这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。A knife and fork is easy for English people. 一副刀叉对于英国人来说是容易的。（4）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。This is one of the novels that have ever been w

21、ritten by Mo Yan.这是莫言所写的小说之一。She is the only one of the girls who sings well in class. 她是班里女生中唯一一个歌唱得很好的。I, who am your friend, will help you.我是你的朋友，我将会帮助你 （5）“many a/more than one单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。Many a good man has been destroyed by drink. 许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。E

22、very boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday.每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。（二）意义一致原则意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。（1）集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成整体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。Almost every family in the country

23、 owns a television. 这个国家几乎家家都有一台电视机。 My family are sports fans. 我们一家人是体育迷。注意：形式为单数但意义为复数概念的police, people等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The police are searching for the murderer in the mountain.警察正在山里搜寻杀人犯。 The Chinese people have cherished freedom and peace than ever. 中国人民更深感自由与和平的珍贵。（2）“分数/百分数/the majorityof名词

24、”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。About one third of the books are worth reading.这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.总共有超过70%的地球表面被水覆盖。（3）“the形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The rich are n

25、ot necessarily happy. 有钱人并不都是高兴的。（4）a quantity of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数；谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义。quantities of后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数形式。A quantity of money is needed for the project. 这个项目需要大量的金钱。A quantity of workers are needed for the project. 这个项目需要大量的工人。With more forests being destroyed, huge qua

26、ntities of good earth are being washed away each year.由于更多的森林被毁，每年有大量的沃土被冲走。（5）“a number of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，“the number of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。The number of people invited was one hundred, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.收到邀请的总共有100人，但很多人因为各种原因缺席了。（6）表示时间、距离、重量、金额等复数名词作主语时，谓

27、语动词通常用单数形式。Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy.对于一个男孩来说，3 000美元是一笔大数目。Three years is a long time for me. 对我来说三年是一段漫长的时间（三）就近一致原则就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。（1）由or, either.or., neither.nor., not only.but (also)., not.but.等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。Not only I but also she is e

28、njoying the film. 不仅我而且她都在津津乐道地看电影Neither you nor I am good at English . 你不擅长英语，我也不擅长（2）在there be句型中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。There are three books and a pen on the desk.桌子上有三本书和一支钢笔。There is a book, two pencils and some buttons on the table. 在桌子上，有一本书，两支铅笔和一些扣子。【新三单词拓展】Lesson 16 Mary had a l

29、ittle lamb 玛丽有一头小羔羊【New words and expressions】 生词和短语prize adj. 珍贵的，宝贵的tie v. 拴，系theft n. 偷盗案accuse v. 指控deny v. 否认ashamed adj. 感到羞耻，惭愧apologize v. 道歉dye v. 染prize adj. 珍贵的，宝贵的可以表示“珍贵的，宝贵的”的词包括：prize，valuable，preclous, cherishable，dearEg.: Mary has got a prize lamb. The cat is prize to the old lady.t

30、ie v. 拴，系tie sth to 1把拴在上Eg: I tie the dog to a tree2与有联系Eg: He is tied to his family3n. 领带；关系（强调血缘关系）theft n. 偷盗行为，偷盗案Eg.: He reports the theft to the police.accuse v. 指控accuse sb of doing sth 因为某事指控某人,指控某人做了某事Eg.: He acciused his neighbour of stealing his bicycle.charge sb with doing sthaccuse比charge语意弱：accuse强调“严厉的指责” charge强调“控告” deny v. 否认deny doing sth. 否认做了某事He denied stealing the lamb.