高考英语之定语从句.docx

1、高考英语之定语从句十四 定语从句I、重点难点解析 定语从句是英语语法中的重点。除了在语法填空中会考到，在基础写作和任务型写作中正确恰当地运用定语从句是作文得高分的关键。另外，在阅读理解中正确理解定语从句也至关重要。常见考点：1.指物时只用that 或which 的情况2.介词+关系代词3.Whose 用法及转换形式4.as 与which的区别5.指人时that 与who的区别6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句，在句中起定语的作用.被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词。如：Th

2、e man who lives next to us is a policeman. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句二、关系代词和关系副词的用法： 关系代词和关系副词又称关系词，用来引导定语从句、代替先行词并在从句中担当一个成分。其用法见下表：定语从句的关系词词例先行词充当成分例句关系代词who人主语This is the doctor who saved my life .whom人宾语She is the new student (whom) I want to tell to you .that人&物主语、宾语（指人相当于who或whom，指物相当于which）which物主语、宾语1.Pl

3、ease pass me the book which is lying on the table. 2.The novel (which) Tom bought is very interesting.as物主语、宾语The earth ,as is known to all ,is round.whose=of whomof which人&物定语The professor whose daughter teaches you English is Dr. Williams关系副词when=atinonduring which时间状语Well never forget the day whe

4、n the Peoples Republic of China was founded.where=atinto which地点状语This is the house where he lived.why=for which原因状语I know the reason why she works so well.三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整标 点从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开关系代词

5、指人who (that) whom指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which (that)指物which人和物的whose人和物的whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去关系代词一般不可省修饰从句只修饰一个名词或代词可以修饰一个词也可修饰整个主句翻译定语从句译在被修饰词的前面定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子四、关系词的选用1只能用that做关系代词的情况：只能用that做关系代词的情况例句1当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时(something除外)Pay attention

6、 to everything that I do.2当先行词被All, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时He has little time that he can spare.3当先行词被序高考资源网数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best novel (that) have read.4如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school.5当先行词被the only, the la

7、st, the way, the same等等修饰时This is the last time that I I want to see you.6.在疑问词who, which, what开头的特殊疑问句中,为了避免重复只用thatWhich of the students that knows something about history.7当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing.8当指人或物的关系代词在定语从句中做表语时，关系代词只能用that,也可

8、以省略China is not the country (that) it was. 2指物只能用which 不用that的情况:只能用which 不用that的情况:例句1在非限制性定语从句中St Petersburg, which was once called Leningrad, is a very beautiful city.2在介词后面This is the room in which we lived last year.3指人时只能用who不用 that的情况: 只能用who不用 that的情况例句1先行词为one, ones，those，anyone，he时 Those w

9、ho break the law must be punished.4 as与whichas与which均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as: 多用as的情况:例句1与such或the same连用时，一般用asSuch books as you read are interestingSuch money as he earned was spent on books.2as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 表“正如.正象”之意As we all know, the earth is round.1（2004全国卷3）The journey around the wor

10、ld took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which2. （2004北京卷）George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name 3（2004湖北卷）There

11、was time I hated to go to school . Aa; that Ba; when Cthe; that Dthe ; when 4（2004湖北卷）What surprised me was not what he said but he said it . Athe way Bin the way that Cin the way Dthe way which 5. （2004湖南卷）I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. wher

12、e D. that6. （2004江苏卷）_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As7（2004辽宁卷）The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% are sold abroad . Aof which Bwhich of Cof them Dof that 8. （2004全国卷1）The English play _ my students acted at t

13、he New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which9. （2004全国卷1）You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how10. （2004全国卷2）There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which

14、C. when D. that11. （2004上海卷）American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 12. （2004上海卷）Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _ she was bitten on the leg by al lion. A. when B. while C. since D. on

15、ce 13. （2004天津卷）Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others , , of course , made the others envy him . A. who B. that C. what D. which14. （2004天津卷）A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago . A. what B. which C. that D. where15. （2004浙江卷）Anyway, that evening, _ I

16、ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place. A. when B. where C. what D. which16. （2004重庆卷）You can eat food free in my restaurant you like.A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however17.（2005浙江） Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. tha

17、t C. this D. it18.（2005江苏）the place_ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which19.（2005江西）The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are

18、 being trained. A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which 20.（2005湖南）Franks dream was to have his own shop _ to produce the workings of his own hands. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how21.（2005湖北）Her sister has become a layer, _ she wanted to be. A. who B. that C. what D. which22. (2005安徽)

19、 Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that23.（2005山东）The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _he thought was not enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which24.（2005辽宁）I wal

20、ked in our garden, _Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that 25. ( 2006江苏卷)The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. A. who B. that C. as D. w

21、hich26. （2006福建卷）Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. what27. （2006湖南）We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us. _we gave some bells and glasses. A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which28.

22、 （2006重庆卷）I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction_she had come. A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which.29. （2006江西卷）Do you have anything to say for yourselves? Yes，theres one point _ we must insist on Awhy Bwhere

23、Chow D/30. （2006北京卷）Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont. A. who ; 不填 B. 不填 ; who C. who ; who D. 不填表; 不填31. （2006山东卷）Were just trying to teach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. A. where B. that C. when D

24、. which32. （2006陕西卷）She as educated at Beijing University, _She went on to have her advanced study abroad. A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that33. ( 2006浙江卷)I was given three books on cooking, the first _ I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which34. ( 2006辽宁卷)I was

25、 told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most were from Germany.A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom35. ( 2006天津卷)The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A. what B. that C. how D. as36. ( 2006上海春

26、招)You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, _ is always busy at the weekend. A. that B. where C. what D. which37. 2007 上海卷His movie won several awards at the film festival, _ was beyond his wildest dream. A. which B. that C. where D. it38. 2007 山东卷Where did you get to know her? It was o

27、n the farm _ we worked. Athat Bthere Cwhich Dwhere 39. 2007 安徽卷Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom40. 2007 北京卷We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people,most of _are healthyA. that B.whic

28、h C. what D. whom41. 2007 湖南卷By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A. who B. which C. what D. that 42. 2007 江苏卷He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. A. after which B. after that C

29、. in which D. in that43. 2007 江西卷After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do. A.that B.what C.which D.where44. 2007 全国卷ISome pre-school children go to a day care center, _they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where45. 2007 陕西卷Today, we

30、ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly. A.which B.as C.why D.where46. 2007 上海春The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad Athat Ball that Call what Dwhich47. 2007 四川卷It is reported that two schools，_ are being built in my hometown，will open next year. Athey both Bwhich both Cboth of them Dboth of which48. 200