9动词时态.docx

1、9动词时态动词时态考点1：一般现在时：(1)句型结构 You are a good worker. .You are not a good worker. (否定句，在is, am, are 后加not) Are you a good worker? (一般疑问句，把is, am, are 提句首)Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (回答)He usually goes to school at seven. He usually doesnt go to school at seven. (否定句，第三人称单数在动词前+doesnt；其他人称+dont)Does he u

2、sually go to school at seven? (一般疑问句，第三人称单数在句首+Does；其他人称+Do)Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. (回答)(2)用法：.表动作经常发生或存在状态。We usually have sports after school in the afternoon. .表事实或客观真理。Two and two is four. The light travels faster than the sound.(3) 常见的时间标志词。always , usually ,often, how often, sometimes,

3、every day, once a week, seldom 等。(4) 难点：. 在时间或条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。这方面的标志词有until, as soon as, when, , before, after； if，unless等。(具体用法请参照连词部分的考点2之(3) “主将从现的用法”。). 表客观真理时，在宾语从句中，不管主句为何时态，从句用一般现在时。He said that two and three is five. The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.考点2：一般过去时(1)句型结构Lin Tao

4、was in the library a moment ago. Lin Tao wasnt in the library a moment ago. (否定句，在was, were 后加not) Was Lin Tao in the library a moment ago? (一般疑问句，把was, were 提句首)Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt. (回答) We went to the park last Sunday. We didnt go to the park last Sunday. (否定句，在实义动词前+didnt)Did you go to th

5、e park last Sunday? (一般疑问句，在句首+Did)Yes, we did. / No, we didnt. (回答)(2) 用法：表过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。 I had a good time in Hainan last month.(3) 常见的时间标志词：yesterday, two days ago, last week, in 1980, just now, the other day等具体的表达过去的时间。 考点3：一般将来时。(1) 句型结构：will/ shall(第一人称) +动词原形 / be going to + 动词原形。They will

6、fly to London tomorrow. They wont fly to London tomorrow. (否定句，在will, shall后+not) Will they fly to London tomorrow? (一般疑问句，把will, shall提句首)Yes, they will. / No, they wont. (回答) He is going to visit me next week.He isnt going to visit me next week. (否定句，在be后+not)Is he going to visit me next week? (一般

7、疑问句，把be提句首)Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.(2) 用法：表将要发生的动作或状态。Look the black clouds. It is going to rain.(3) 常见的时间标志词：tomorrow, in five days, next week, this evening, soon, from now on, in the future等。(4) 表示往来运动的某些短暂性动词，可用现在进行时表示将来时。这类动词有：arrive, come, go, leave, fly, move等，常与将来时间连用。They are arriving at t

8、his village in five hours. 5小时后他们将到达这个村子。He is coming to see me next week. 他下星期将要来看我。We are going on a field trip tomorrow.我们明天将去郊游。We are leaving /flying for London.我们将要离开(飞)去伦敦。考点4： 现在进行时(1) 句型结构： is / am / are + doingMen are fighting against pollution all the time. Men arent fighting against poll

9、ution all the time. (否定句，在is, am, are 后+not) Are men fighting against pollution all the time? (一般疑问句，将is, am, are 提到句首) Yes, they are. / No, they arent. (回答) (2) 用法：1)表示说话时动作正在进行。 We are waiting for the bus now. 2)表示现阶段进行的动作，但说话时动作不一定正在进行，句中常有these days。 They are building a bridge these days.(3) 常见的

10、时间标志词：now, at the present, look listenall the time, at the moment, be quiet等考点5：过去进行时(1) 句型结构： was / were + doingIt was snowing at this time yesterday. It wasnt snowing at this time yesterday. (否定句，在was, were 后+not) Was it snowing at this time yesterday? (一般疑问句，将was, were 提到句首) Yes, it was. / No, it

11、 wasnt. (回答) (2) 用法：1).表示过去的某个时间动作正在进行。 We were playing cards at that time. 2).表示过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在发生。When I came in, my father was watching TV.(3) 常见的时间标志词：then, at that time, at this time yesterday, when, while等考点6：现在完成时(1) 句型结构：have / has +doneHe has already finished his homework.He hasnt finished

12、 his homework yet. (否定句，在has, have后+not) Has he finished his homework yet? (一般疑问句，将has, have提到句首) Yes, he has. / No, he hasnt. (回答)(2) 用法：1).过去发生的动作对现在造成影响。I have closed the door. (门现在是关的)2).过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与一段时间连用。 We have lived here for two years. (过去住到现在)(3) 常见的标志词：already ,yet, ever, never,

13、just, before, in the past (last) few days, so far, twice, recently, for+时间段, since +时间点等等(4) 难点现在完成时可和疑问词where, why, how 连用，但不能和when连用.故现在完成时对时间的提问不用when，只用how long。 Where have you been? When have you come back? () He has been in China for 4 years. (提问) How long() has he been in China?不能与时间段连用 have

14、been to（去了某地又回来）have gone to(去了没回来) have been in (去了并在那里呆下去)，可以与时间段连用 I have been to Beijing twice. Where is Tom? He has gone to HK. Lucy has been in this school for two years.短暂性动词和持续性动词的现在完成时A. 若后面没有时间状语“for + 时间段，since + 时间点”时，短暂性和持续性动词都可用于现在完成时。I have bought(短暂) a new computer. () He has already

15、 lived (持续) in the small village. ()B. 若后面有时间状语“for + 时间段，since + 时间点”时，要用持续性动词或短暂性动词的否定。如： They have stayed (持续) in the village for 10 years. I have taught(持续) English at this school since 5 years ago.You havent received (短暂)her letter for 2 weeks.We havent left (短暂)China since 20 years ago.C. 短暂性动

16、词的肯定不能与“for + 时间段，since + 时间点”连用，若要和他们连用则要将短暂性动词变为相对应的动词。如：I have come here for 3 years. ()I have been here for 3 years.( )现举例说明这类动词的变化： borrow / lend keep She has kept the magazine since two weeks ago. catch have Kate has had a cold for one day. buy have/keep Ive had this radio for 3 years. leave /

17、 gobe away They have been away for one year. start / begin be on The film has been on for 8 minutes. die be dead That old man has been dead for three years. join be in/ be a member (of) Her father has been in the Party for ten years. come/ become/ arrivebe in They have been in this school since 1990

18、. make friendsbe friends They have been friends for 10 years. get marriedbe married They have been married since 5 years ago.现在完成时常见六种句型：A)主语+ have/has +动词的过去分词 B)主语+have/has +延续性动词的过去分词+for./since . ago . C) Its +时间段+since +短暂性动词的过去式 D)时间段+has passed +since +短暂性动词的过去式E)It is the first / second time

19、. that结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。例如： It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。 This is the first time （that） Ive heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。 F)This is +形容词最高级+that结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。例如： This is the best film that Ive （ever） seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影与现在完成时有关的几种句型转换:如：“我来广东有4年了”可用以下句型表示：I came to Gu

20、angdong 4 years ago. I have been in Guangdong for 4 years. Its 4 years since I came to Guangdong Four years has passed since I came to Guangdong.(5)一般过去时与现在完成时的区别标志词不同 (具体看两种时态标志词) 如：I went to cinema two days ago. (一般过去时标志词).He has been away since ten days ago. (现在完成时的标志词)一般过去时表示动作发生在过去，与现在无关。而现在完成时

21、表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成影响。I saw the film yesterday. (我昨天看过电影，现在看不看不知道)I have seen the film before. I wont see it again. (过去看过电影，对现在有影响，不想再看了)千锤百炼一、单项选择( ) 1. He _ often late for school. So his teacher sometimes _ his father to have a talk at school. A. is; asks B. was;asks C. is; will ask D. was; is asking(

22、 ) 2. Jack has never been to Disneyland before, but he _ there this summer. A. has been B. is going C. went D. goes( ) 3. Dont make so much noise. We _ to music. A. listened B. listen C. are listening D. have listened( ) 4. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _ it for two weeks. A. keep B. borrowe

23、d C. have kept D. have lent( ) 5. Mid-autumn Day usually _ in September or October every year. A. come B. comes C. is coming D. will come( ) 6.Our knowledge of the universe_ all the time. A. grow B. is growing C. grows D. grew( ) 7. If I _ free tomorrow, Ill go fishing with my uncle. A. will be B. a

24、m C. be D. was( ) 8. How long _ you _ in this village? A. do, live B. are living C. have, lived D. did, live( ) 9. John will write to us as soon as he _ there. A. gets B. got C. will get D. has got( ) 10. Kate always _ up early in the morning, but she _ up very late yesterday. A. gets, got B. get, g

25、ot C. got, gets D. get, got( ) 11. Dont cross the road. Look, a car_. A. has passed B. came C. is coming D. comes( ) 12. “Look, your sister is crying again,” Mother said angrily. “What_ to her?” A. did you do B. have you done C. do you do D. were you doing( ) 13. Where is Mary? She _ to see the doct

26、or. A. went B. will go C. has gone D. goes( ) 14. “Are you going to Jacks party?” “Im not sure. I _ his invitation yet. A. have received B. havent received C. will receive D. didnt receive( ) 15. While the teacher_, the students _ notes. A. was talking; were taking B. was talking; took C. talked; to

27、ok D. talked;were taking( ) 16. Hi, Kate. You look tired. Whats the matter? I _ well last night. A. didnt sleep B. dont sleep C. havent slept D. wont sleep( ) 17. They _ all their money, so they have to walk home now. A. have spent B. spend C. spent D. are spending( ) 18. Mary _ the work in three da

28、ys. A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. finish( ) 19.When he left, his mother _. A. is cooking B. cooked C. was cooking D. cooks( ) 20. He _ to Japan only once. How about you? A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes( ) 21. When _ you _ the film? A week ago. A. did; see B. did; saw C. has;

29、 seen D. had; seen( ) 22. I _ my aunt three times today. But her line was always busy. A. have phoned B. phoned C. am phoning D. will phone( ) 23. No one knows what _ on the earth in a hundred years. A. are happened B. will be happened C. happens D. will happen( ) 24. Mr. Smith _ last year. He _ for

30、 a year. A. die; died B. died; has died C. died; has been dead D. has died; is dead( ) 25. They _ you at the station next Sunday. A. will meet B. meet C. are meeting D. met二、完形填空 Much meaning can be carried with our eyes, so it is often 1 that eyes can speak. Have you had this kind of 2 ? In a bus y

31、ou may look at a stranger, but not too long. And if he 3 that he is being looked at, he may feel uncomfortable.The same is true for everyone. If you are looked at for more times than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down, to see if there is 4 wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel 5 with the per