1、写作常用单词和短语写作常用单词和短语立志(成功/成才):succeed, achieve success, spare no efforts/pains to do (不遗余力去做某事), make great effort, be persistent with sth./ do with full persistence(坚持不懈地做某事), fear to lose(害怕失败), try every means to stay on top (尽一切努力取得成功),motive(动机),ambition(抱负),prominent (杰出的),rank the top(名列前茅),ver
2、satile(多才多艺的),individual self-realization(自我实现), stand up to/ withstand challenges and difficulties(经得住挑战与困难)经济:economy, finance, commerce/commercial, economic globalization(经济全球化), sustainable development(可持续发展),unfair competition(不正当竞争),promote sales(促销), fake and inferior product(假冒伪劣产品), crack d
3、own on fake commodities (打假), boom(繁荣), purchasing power(购买力), management (管理), fierce competition(激烈竞争), after-sale service (售后服务), bread and butter issue(生计问题), enterprise image(企业形象),retail (零售), credit crisis(信用危机), stabilize prices (稳定物价), brand effect(品牌效应),popular pastime (流行的消遣方式)文化:culture
4、and civilization(文化和文明), great and profound (博大精深的),diversity(多样性),integration and interaction(融合交汇),crash(碰撞), original (原创原始的),minority (少数民族),revealing(有启发的),charming(极具魅力的),splendid(壮丽辉煌的),erotic(色情的), talk show(谈话节目),English fever(英语热)环保:environment- friendly(生态型的,环保的),conserve natural habitats
5、(保护生存环境),pollute/contaminate(污染), natural resources(自然资源),energy conservation and environmental protection (节能环保),biodiversity (生物多样性), extinction(灭绝),threat of global warming(全球变暖的威胁), promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth(促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变), bring about harmo
6、ny of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection (实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一), impact on the quality of the water and the air(对水质和空气质量的影响), curb environmental pollution/ bring the pollution under control(治理环境污染),develop renewable resources (开发可再生资源),a low-carbon economy (低碳经济
7、),environmental awareness(环境意识)科技:science and technology(科学技术),web-addiction(沉迷网络), computer crime(电脑犯罪), e-commerce(电子商务), virtual life (虚拟生活),information era(信息时代),cyber romance(网恋),surf the Internet(网上冲浪)就业:job market (就业市场), resume(简历),job hunter/seeker(求职者), employment pressure(就业压力),employer(招
8、聘方), employee(应聘者), applicant(申请人), position available/ vacant position(空缺职位), candidate(人选), competent(能胜任的), be qualified for(合格的), proficiency(熟练程度),college expansion of enrollment, (大学扩招),contradiction between supply and demand(供求关系矛盾), not in line with speciality(与专业不符), job arrangement and ben
9、efit(工作待遇和福利), promotion (晋升), gender-biased(性别歧视的), appearance-biased(相貌歧视的)大学生活/教育: innovative learning(创新学习), higher education(高等教育), drop-out(辍学), fake certificate/diploma(假毕业证/文凭),the craze for graduate school(考研热),cultivate(培养), poverty-stricken students(贫困学生),faculty(全体教员),further ones study
10、(深造),quality education(素质教育),teacher-centered,(以教师为中心) student-centered, (以学生为中心),campus digitalization(校园数字化),foster abilities(培养能力),relieve the burden on students(减轻学生负担),be occupied with so much schoolwork(忙于功课),college, university, students union(学生会), undergraduate association(研究生会), extracurri
11、cular(课余的),develop personal specialities(发展个人特长), place emphasis on(以为重心),comprehensive(全面的,广泛的),practical capability(实际能力),duck-stuffing(填鸭式), diploma craze(文凭热),demanding(要求高的),rigid(严格的),scholarship(奖学金),potential(潜在的,潜力),educational reform(教学改革), academic(学术的),part-time(兼职的),tutor(做家教)社会现象:pheno
12、menon(现象),issue(争议,焦点),enlightening(富有启发的),cause alarm and attention(引起了警惕和重视),corrupt peoples mind (腐化心灵),immoral behaviors(不道德的行为),at the cost of (以为代价),human relations(人际关系),set good example for(为树立榜样),dedicate(做贡献), take action (采取行动),ensure implementing activities(确保执行), impose punishment on th
13、em(施加处罚),aggravate the seriousness of(使之恶化),commit crime(犯罪),vulnerable(易诱惑的,易受影响的),criteria of evaluation(衡量标准),be supposed to(应该)人物特征、情感描写: strong-minded(坚强的),industrious(勤奋的), harmonious(和谐的), cooperative (合作的),self-centered(以自我为中心的),promising(有前途的),dynamic(有生气的),responsible(有责任心的), influential(有
14、影响力的), profound(渊博精深的),devoted(忠实的,投入的),generous(慷慨的),critical(吹毛求疵),warm-hearted(热心的),gratitude(n. 感激),awkward(尴尬的),hospitality(n. 热情好客),appreciate(v. 感激,感谢),apologize(v. 道歉),enthusiastic(热情的)教育类词汇文凭 diplomas and certificates考研热 the craze for graduate school study应试教育 the examination-oriented educa
15、tion义务教育 compulsory education复合型人才 interdisciplinary talents文化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits大学生创业 the university students innovative undertakings扩招 to expand enrollment被授予学位 be granted an official certificate 高分低能 high scores but low qualities片面追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students
16、 entering schools of a higher level退学 to drop out of the school形成淘汰制度 to frame an elimination system教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude德才兼备 possess political integrity and professional ability品学兼优 be a students of fine qualities and fine scholar提高学
17、生身心素质 improve the health and psychological quality适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes quickly满足社会的急需 meet the urgent need of the society保护知识产权 protect the intellectual property才疏学浅 be wanting in ability and shallow in knowledge努力获得精神文明 make efforts to seek cultural and ideological progress减轻负担 redu
18、ce the heavy burdens更加有意义和丰富的生活 a more vigorous, colorful and dynamic life工作类词汇崇高的职业 noble career白领white-collar workers跳槽 job-hopping试用期 probationary period人才流动和双向选择 talent flow and a dual-way selection自由职业 freelance work拜金主义 money worship获得名利 achieve fame and wealth充分发挥个人的潜力 develop fully ones pote
19、ntial and creativity实干精神 steadfast and earnest in ones work工作出色 excel in ones work无忧无虑 be care-free社会和个人的尊重 social and personal esteem生计问题 a bread and butter issue生活补助 living subsidies人才交流 talents exchange培养人才 cultivate talents推荐人才 recommend the virtuous and able人才外流 brain drain优化产业结构 optimize the s
20、tructure精简人员 cut off the overstaffed offices提高综合素质 improve the comprehensive quality解决劳动就业问题tackle the problem of labor force utilization砸掉大锅饭 shatter the convention of iron bowl坚持改革 be persistent in the reform progress造成失业问题 bring about the unemployment problem下岗人员 the laid-off workers自谋生路 be self-
21、employed给出优惠政策 give preferential treatment享受失业救济金 enjoy unemployment pension需要安全感和生活保障 need a sense of security and guarantee of life劳动力短缺 shortage of manpower提高文化,智慧,品质修养 enhance their cultural and moral quality商业类词汇服务行业 service trade家用电器 household electrical appliances物美价廉 with low price and high
22、quality售后服务 after-sale service旺季 during peak selling seasons销售渠道 distribution channel商标冒用 trade-mark infringement稳定物价 stabilize the commodity prices加强品牌效应 strengthen the brand effect提高购买力 raise the purchasing power保持市场的良好的秩序 keep to market in good order适销对路 be good for sale脱销 out of stock刺激购买欲 stimu
23、late the desire to buy促销 promote sales超前消费 premature consumption有效期 term of validity零售价 retail price批发价 wholesale price紧俏商品 commodities in short supply假冒伪劣 forged and fake commodities工业词汇产业结构升级 upgrade the structure of industry外向型经济:export-oriented economy企业凝聚力 the cohesive force in enterprise亏损企业 e
24、nterprises in the red创收 to generate profits精简开支 cut down the outlay扭转局面 reverse the tide有外需 have a potential in overseas market医药健康词汇杀虫剂 pesticide卫生环境 sanitary environment营养不良 malnourished传染病 infectious disease呼吸疾病 respiratory disease建设卫生城市 hygienic city政治经济词汇立法会议 legislative sessions行政处罚 administra
25、tive penalty司法部门 enforcement apartment侵犯个人隐私 invasion of privacy修改宪法 revise the constitution假账 deceptive accounting漏税 tax evasion刑事诉讼 criminal proceeding行贿和受贿 take and offer bribes要求索赔 claim compensation目无法规 defy the law and social disciplines法律监督 function as a legal supervisor扰乱治安 disturb the socia
26、l order建立奖励和制约机制 establish a incentive and disincentive system物质和精神文明建设 material and ideological progress精简机构 streamline government organs集思广益 pool ones wisdom扩大内需 expand the domestic demand公共道德词汇:社会风气(公德):public morals (or morality)有公德心:be publicspirited向公众呼吁做某事:appeal to the public to do sth.在方面教育
27、公众:educate the public in 无视公共规章:disregard the public rules遵守法纪: comply with the law偷窃是违法的:Stealing is against the law遵守公德:comply with public morality守法: observe/obey the law违法:offend against the law违反公共规章:break/violate public regulations制定和严格执法:make and rigidly enforce the law遵守交规: observe traffic r
28、egulations按道德行事:follow the morals改进社会风气:improve public morals维护公共道德:safeguard public morals损害公共道德:injure public morality应该受到法律严惩:deserve to be punished heavily by the law高频形容词:1.贫穷的:poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2.富裕的:rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3.优秀的:excellent =
29、 eminent = top = outstanding4.积极的,好的:good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5.消极的,不良的:bad = detrimental = baneful =undesirable6.明显的:obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7.健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8.惊人的:surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9.美丽的:beautiful = attractive
30、= gorgeous = eye-catching10.有活力的:energetic = dynamic = vigourous =animated11.流行的:popular = prevailing = prevalent = pervasive高频动词:1.提高,加强:improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2.引起:cause = trigger = endanger3.解决:solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4.拆除:destroy = tear d
31、own = knock down = eradicate5.培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6.激发,鼓励:encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7.认为:think = assert = hold = claim = argue8.完成:complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9.保留:keep = preserve = retain = hold10.有害于:destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11.减轻: eas
32、e = alleviate = relieve = lighten高频名词:1.影响:influence= impact2.危险:danger = perils =hazards3.污染:pollution = contamination4.人类:human beings= mankind = humane race5.老人:old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6.幸福:happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7.老师:teachers = instructors = educ
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