写作常用单词和短语.docx

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写作常用单词和短语.docx

写作常用单词和短语

写作常用单词和短语

立志(成功/成才):

succeed,achievesuccess,sparenoefforts/painstodo(不遗余力去做某事),makegreateffort,bepersistentwithsth./dowithfullpersistence(坚持不懈地做某事),feartolose(害怕失败),tryeverymeanstostayontop(尽一切努力取得成功),motive(动机),ambition(抱负),prominent(杰出的),rankthetop(名列前茅),versatile(多才多艺的),individualself-realization(自我实现),standupto/withstandchallengesanddifficulties(经得住挑战与困难)

经济:

economy,finance,commerce/commercial,economicglobalization(经济全球化),sustainabledevelopment(可持续发展),unfaircompetition(不正当竞争),promotesales(促销),fakeandinferiorproduct(假冒伪劣产品),crackdownonfakecommodities(打假),boom(繁荣),purchasingpower(购买力),management(管理),fiercecompetition(激烈竞争),after-saleservice(售后服务),bread–and–butterissue(生计问题),enterpriseimage(企业形象),retail(零售),creditcrisis(信用危机),stabilizeprices(稳定物价),brandeffect(品牌效应),popularpastime(流行的消遣方式)

文化:

cultureandcivilization(文化和文明),greatandprofound(博大精深的),diversity(多样性),integrationandinteraction(融合交汇),crash(碰撞),original(原创原始的),minority(少数民族),revealing(有启发的),charming(极具魅力的),splendid(壮丽辉煌的),erotic(色情的),talkshow(谈话节目),Englishfever(英语热)

环保:

environment-friendly(生态型的,环保的),conservenaturalhabitats(保护生存环境),pollute/contaminate(污染),naturalresources(自然资源),energyconservationandenvironmentalprotection(节能环保),biodiversity(生物多样性),extinction(灭绝),threatofglobalwarming(全球变暖的威胁),promotefundamentalshiftsintheeconomicsystemandmodeofeconomicgrowth(促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变),bringaboutharmonyofeconomicreturnsandcontributiontosocietyandenvironmentalprotection(实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一),impactonthequalityofthewaterandtheair(对水质和空气质量的影响),curbenvironmentalpollution/bringthepollutionundercontrol(治理环境污染),developrenewableresources(开发可再生资源),alow-carboneconomy(低碳经济),environmentalawareness(环境意识)

科技:

scienceandtechnology(科学技术),web-addiction(沉迷网络),computercrime(电脑犯罪),e-commerce(电子商务),virtuallife(虚拟生活),informationera(信息时代),cyberromance(网恋),surftheInternet(网上冲浪)

就业:

jobmarket(就业市场),resume(简历),jobhunter/seeker(求职者),employmentpressure(就业压力),employer(招聘方),employee(应聘者),applicant(申请人),positionavailable/vacantposition(空缺职位),candidate(人选),competent(能胜任的),bequalifiedfor(合格的),proficiency(熟练程度),collegeexpansionofenrollment,(大学扩招),contradictionbetweensupplyanddemand(供求关系矛盾),notinlinewithspeciality(与专业不符),jobarrangementandbenefit(工作待遇和福利),promotion(晋升),gender-biased(性别歧视的),appearance-biased(相貌歧视的)

大学生活/教育:

innovativelearning(创新学习),highereducation(高等教育),drop-out(辍学),fakecertificate/diploma(假毕业证/文凭),thecrazeforgraduateschool(考研热),cultivate(培养),poverty-strickenstudents(贫困学生),faculty(全体教员),furtherone’sstudy(深造),qualityeducation(素质教育),teacher-centered,(以教师为中心)student-centered,(以学生为中心),campusdigitalization(校园数字化),fosterabilities(培养能力),relievetheburdenonstudents(减轻学生负担),beoccupiedwithsomuchschoolwork(忙于功课),college,university,studentsunion(学生会),undergraduateassociation(研究生会),extracurricular(课余的),developpersonalspecialities(发展个人特长),placeemphasison(以…为重心),comprehensive(全面的,广泛的),practicalcapability(实际能力),duck-stuffing(填鸭式),diplomacraze(文凭热),demanding(要求高的),rigid(严格的),scholarship(奖学金),potential(潜在的,潜力),educationalreform(教学改革),academic(学术的),part-time(兼职的),tutor(做家教)

社会现象:

phenomenon(现象),issue(争议,焦点),enlightening(富有启发的),causealarmandattention(引起了警惕和重视),corruptpeople’smind(腐化心灵),immoralbehaviors(不道德的行为),atthecostof(以…为代价),humanrelations(人际关系),setgoodexamplefor(为…树立榜样),dedicate(做贡献),takeaction(采取行动),ensureimplementingactivities(确保执行),imposepunishmentonthem(施加处罚),aggravatetheseriousnessof…(使之恶化),commitcrime(犯罪),vulnerable(易诱惑的,易受影响的),criteriaofevaluation(衡量标准),besupposedto(应该)

人物特征、情感描写:

strong-minded(坚强的),industrious(勤奋的),harmonious(和谐的),cooperative(合作的),self-centered(以自我为中心的),promising(有前途的),dynamic(有生气的),responsible(有责任心的),influential(有影响力的),profound(渊博精深的),devoted(忠实的,投入的),generous(慷慨的),critical(吹毛求疵),warm-hearted(热心的),gratitude(n.感激),awkward(尴尬的),hospitality(n.热情好客),appreciate(v.感激,感谢),apologize(v.道歉),enthusiastic(热情的)

教育类词汇

文凭diplomasandcertificates

考研热thecrazeforgraduateschoolstudy

应试教育theexamination-orientededucation

义务教育compulsoryeducation

复合型人才interdisciplinarytalents

文化底蕴therichculturaldeposits

大学生创业theuniversitystudents’innovativeundertakings

扩招toexpandenrollment

被授予学位begrantedanofficialcertificate

高分低能highscoresbutlowqualities

片面追求升学率placeundueemphasisontheproportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahigherlevel

退学todropoutoftheschool

形成淘汰制度toframeaneliminationsystem

教书育人impartknowledgeandeducatepeople

因材施教teachstudentsaccordingtotheiraptitude

德才兼备possesspoliticalintegrityandprofessionalability

品学兼优beastudentsoffinequalitiesandfinescholar

提高学生身心素质improvethehealthandpsychologicalquality

适应社会的改变adjusttothesocialchangesquickly

满足社会的急需meettheurgentneedofthesociety

保护知识产权protecttheintellectualproperty

才疏学浅bewantinginabilityandshallowinknowledge

努力获得精神文明makeeffortstoseekculturalandideologicalprogress

减轻负担reducetheheavyburdens

更加有意义和丰富的生活amorevigorous,colorfulanddynamiclife

工作类词汇

崇高的职业noblecareer

白领white-collarworkers

跳槽job-hopping

试用期probationaryperiod

人才流动和双向选择talentflowandadual-wayselection

自由职业freelancework

拜金主义moneyworship

获得名利achievefameandwealth

充分发挥个人的潜力developfullyone’spotentialandcreativity

实干精神steadfastandearnestinone’swork

工作出色excelinone’swork

无忧无虑becare-free

社会和个人的尊重socialandpersonalesteem

生计问题abreadandbutterissue

生活补助livingsubsidies

人才交流talentsexchange

培养人才cultivatetalents

推荐人才recommendthevirtuousandable

人才外流braindrain

优化产业结构optimizethestructure

精简人员cutofftheoverstaffedoffices

提高综合素质improvethecomprehensivequality

解决劳动就业问题 tackletheproblemoflaborforceutilization

砸掉大锅饭shattertheconventionofironbowl

坚持改革bepersistentinthereformprogress

造成失业问题bringabouttheunemploymentproblem

下岗人员thelaid-offworkers

自谋生路beself-employed

给出优惠政策givepreferentialtreatment

享受失业救济金enjoyunemploymentpension

需要安全感和生活保障needasenseofsecurityandguaranteeoflife

劳动力短缺shortageofmanpower

提高文化,智慧,品质修养enhancetheirculturalandmoralquality

商业类词汇

服务行业servicetrade

家用电器householdelectricalappliances

物美价廉withlowpriceandhighquality

售后服务after-saleservice

旺季duringpeaksellingseasons

销售渠道distributionchannel

商标冒用trade-markinfringement

稳定物价stabilizethecommodityprices

加强品牌效应strengthenthebrandeffect

提高购买力raisethepurchasingpower

保持市场的良好的秩序keeptomarketingoodorder

适销对路begoodforsale

脱销outofstock

刺激购买欲stimulatethedesiretobuy

促销promotesales

超前消费prematureconsumption

有效期termofvalidity

零售价retailprice

批发价wholesaleprice

紧俏商品commoditiesinshortsupply

假冒伪劣forgedandfakecommodities

工业词汇

产业结构升级upgradethestructureofindustry

外向型经济:

export-orientedeconomy

企业凝聚力thecohesiveforceinenterprise

亏损企业enterprisesinthered

创收togenerateprofits

精简开支cutdowntheoutlay

扭转局面reversethetide

有外需haveapotentialinoverseasmarket

医药健康词汇

杀虫剂pesticide

卫生环境sanitaryenvironment

营养不良malnourished

传染病infectiousdisease

呼吸疾病respiratorydisease

建设卫生城市hygieniccity

政治经济词汇

立法会议legislativesessions

行政处罚administrativepenalty

司法部门enforcementapartment

侵犯个人隐私invasionofprivacy

修改宪法revisetheconstitution

假账deceptiveaccounting

漏税taxevasion

刑事诉讼criminalproceeding

行贿和受贿takeandofferbribes

要求索赔claimcompensation

目无法规defythelawandsocialdisciplines

法律监督functionasalegalsupervisor

扰乱治安disturbthesocialorder

建立奖励和制约机制establishaincentiveanddisincentivesystem

物质和精神文明建设materialandideologicalprogress

精简机构streamlinegovernmentorgans

集思广益pooloneswisdom

扩大内需expandthedomesticdemand

公共道德词汇:

 

社会风气(公德):

publicmorals(ormorality)

有公德心:

bepublic—spirited

向公众呼吁做某事:

appealtothepublictodosth.

在…方面教育公众:

educatethepublicin…

无视公共规章:

disregardthepublicrules

遵守法纪:

complywiththelaw

偷窃是违法的:

Stealingisagainstthelaw

遵守公德:

complywithpublicmorality

守法:

observe/obeythelaw

违法:

offendagainstthelaw

违反公共规章:

break/violatepublicregulations

制定和严格执法:

makeandrigidlyenforcethelaw

遵守交规:

observetrafficregulations

按道德行事:

followthemorals

改进社会风气:

improvepublicmorals

维护公共道德:

safeguardpublicmorals

损害公共道德:

injurepublicmorality

应该受到法律严惩:

deservetobepunishedheavilybythelaw

★高频形容词:

1.贫穷的:

poor=needy=impoverished=poverty-stricken

2.富裕的:

rich=wealthy=affluent=well-to-do=well-off

3.优秀的:

excellent=eminent=top=outstanding

4.积极的,好的:

good=conducive=beneficial=advantageous

5.消极的,不良的:

bad=detrimental=baneful=undesirable

6.明显的:

obvious=apparent=evident=manifest

7.健康的:

healthy=robust=sound=wholesome

8.惊人的:

surprising=amazing=extraordinary=miraculous

9.美丽的:

beautiful=attractive=gorgeous=eye-catching

10.有活力的:

energetic=dynamic=vigourous=animated

11.流行的:

 popular=prevailing=prevalent=pervasive

★高频动词:

1.提高,加强:

improve=enhance=promote=strengthen=optimize

2.引起:

cause=trigger=endanger

3.解决:

solve=resolve=address=tackle=copewith=dealwith

4.拆除:

destroy=teardown=knockdown=eradicate

5.培养:

develop=cultivate=foster=nurture

6.激发,鼓励:

encourage=motivate=stimulate=spur

7.认为:

 think=assert=hold=claim=argue

8.完成:

complete=fulfill=accomplish=achieve

9.保留:

keep=preserve=retain=hold

10.有害于:

destroy=impair=undermine=jeopardize

11.减轻:

ease=alleviate=relieve=lighten

★高频名词:

1.影响:

influence=impact

2.危险:

danger=perils=hazards

3.污染:

pollution=contamination

4.人类:

humanbeings=mankind=humanerace

5.老人:

 oldpeople=theold=theelderly=theaged=seniorcitizens

6.幸福:

happiness=cheerfulness=well-being

7.老师:

teachers=instructors=educ

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