英语的语言学试题库.docx

1、英语的语言学试题库英 语 语 言 学 .Directions：Read each of the following statements carefully，Decide which of the four choices pletes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets. 1.There are ( )main areas of phonetic study.ANSWER:B2.The term( )linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the

2、 approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A.synchronic B.diachronic C.parative D.historical parativeANSWER:B3.Foreign language learning always contain ( )A language historical process learning B.input and language learningC inter language i

3、n language learning D.grammar and language learningANSWER:BCD4.The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+ last name, ( )and kin term.A title+

4、 first name B title+ titleC title alone D first name+ last name+ titleANSWER:C5.Features of the language in fictions are: ( )A stress and metrical patterning B speech and thought presentation C prose style D analysis of the textANSWER:BC6. Which of the following best states the behaviorist view of c

5、hild language acquisition? ( )A Language acquisition is a process of habit formationB Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beingsC Children are born with an innate ability to acquire languageD Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language useAN

6、SWER:A7.Words can be identified in terms of ( )A a minimum free form B stabilityC relative uninterruptibility D variable or notANSWER:ABC8.Which is not the features of language? ( )A arbitrariness B dualityC creativity D replacementANSWER:D9.Approachers to syntax can be: ( )A the traditional approac

7、h B the structural approachC the functional approach D the generative approachANSWER:ABCD10.Predication analysis is a way to analyze( )meaning.A phoneme B word C phrase D sentenceANSWER:D11.Lexical change cannot be a result of ( )A phonological change B semantic changeC analogical change D orthograp

8、hic changeANSWER:C 12.The words that contain only one morpheme are called ( )A bound morphemes B rootsC free morphemesD affixesANSWER:B13.( ) is the study of language in relation to the mind.A Psycholinguistics B SociolinguisticsC Linguistics D SemanticsANSWER:A14.Which belongs to the main branches

9、of linguistics? ( )A phonetics B metalingy C morphology D syntax ANSWER:ACD15.Which doesnt belong to the main branches of linguistics? ( )A phonetics B morphology C metalingy D syntax ANSWER:C16.Voicing as a quality of speech sounds is caused by the vibration of ( )A the velum B the vocal cordsC the

10、 glottis D the uvulaANSWER:B17.Sense of “word contains: ( )A a physically definable unit B the mon factor underlying a set of formsC an essential former of sentences D a grammatical unitANSWER:ABD18.Different functional speech varieties known as are expected in, say, a church sermon, a diplomatic en

11、counter, a family dinner, or a sports broadcast.Aregisters BstylesC dialects D accentsANSWER:A19.Which is not the features of language? ( )A arbitrariness B dualityC creativity D replacementANSWER:D20.We study psycholinguistics because ( )A to know about psychological reality of linguistic structure

12、sB to help the aphasicsC to produce findings which lead to the modification of theoretical ideasD to make it a new tool for studying psychologyANSWER:AC.Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets(2%10=20%).1.Realations

13、 between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.( )ANSWER:T2.Both assimilation and alienation can happen during phonological processes.( )ANSWER:T3.Phone is a phonological unit.( )ANSWER:F4.The division of English into Old English, Middle English, and Modern English is nonconvention

14、al and not arbitrary.( )ANSWER:F5.The first pragmatic theory is Conversational Implicature.( )ANSWER:F6.Father of modern linguistics is Swiss F. de Saussure.( )ANSWER:F7.In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form.( )ANSWER:F 8.There is merely litt

15、le difference between data retrieval and information retrieval.( )ANSWER:F9.If a child is deprived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.( )ANSWER:T10. There is no difference between data retrieval and information retrieval.( )ANSWER:F11.Language

16、refers to the abstract innate system, however, parole refers to the oute or what we actually utter/write.( )ANSWER:T12.There are some relations between language and culture, language and society, but they are not deserved to spend a lot of time studying.( )ANSWER:F13.Language acquisition is a hot re

17、search topic today, and social, cultural, personal factors are also observed to be affecting.( )ANSWER:T14.Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations while linguistic forms with the same reference always have the same sense.( )ANSWER:F15.Realations b

18、etween meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.( )ANSWER:T16.A pound is the bination of two words.( )ANSWER:F17. Both assimilation and alienation can happen during phonological processes.( )ANSWER:T18.Synchronic describes language by analyzing its development through different period

19、 of time, while diachronic describes phenomenon of language of a certain period.( )ANSWER:F 19.Language refers to the abstract innate system, however, parole refers to the oute or what we actually utter/write.( )ANSWER:T20.The meaning of a sentence is always the sum total of the words in that senten

20、ce.( )ANSWER:F.Directions: Explain the following terms(3%5=15%).1. displacementANSWER: Displacement，as one of the design features of the human language，refers to the fact that one can talk about things that are not present，as easily as he does things presently.2.cultural transmissionANSWER: It means

21、 that language is not biologically transmitted from generation to generation，but that the details of the linguistic system must be learned anew by each speaker.ANSWER:Category, in some approaches refers to classes and functions in its narrow sense, more specifically, it refers to the defining proper

22、ties of general units.ANSWER: One design feature of human language,which refers to the face that the forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning.5.Vowl:ANSWER: Are sound segments produced without such obstruction,so no turbulence of a total stopping of the air can be perc

23、eived.6. lexicon:ANSWER: A list of all the words in a language assigned to various lexical categories and provided with semantic interpretation.7. linguisticsANSWER: Linguistics is the scientific study of language, it studies not just one language of any one society，but the language of all human bei

24、ngs.8.word ANSWER: Word is a unit of expression that has universal intuitive recognition by native speakers, whether it is expressed in spoken or written form.Briefly answer the following questions1.Please list the 4 design features of languageANSWER:arbitrariness duality creativity displacement2. W

25、hy do linguists say language is human specific?ANSWER: First of all，human language has six “design features which animal munication systems do not have，at least not in the true sense of them.Secondly，linguists have done a lot trying to teach animals such as chimpanzees to speak a human language but

26、have achieved nothing inspiring.Thirdly，a human child reared among animals cannot speak a human language，not even when he is taken back and taught to lo to so.3.What does phonology study？What is the difference between phonetics and phonology？ANSWER: Phonology studies the rules governing the structur

27、e, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.Phonetics is the study of sounds that the human voice is capable of creating whereas Phonology is the study of a subset of those sounds that constitute language and meaning. The first focuses on chaos while the second focuse

28、s on order.4.List the seven functions of human languages.ANSWER: Informative function Interpersonal function Performative function Metalingual function Phatic munion function Recreational functionEmotive function.Translation1.In linguistics, it refers to the study of the rules governing the way word

29、s are bined to form sentences in a language ,or simply, the study of the formation of sentences.ANSWER:在语言学上,它是指在一种语言中,对指导文字组合进而形成句子规如此的研究,或简言之,是对句子构成的研究.2.puter is an electronic machine that can be used to manipulate data according to a series of instruction stored in its memory and which can perfo

30、rm plex tasks in a very short time.ANSWER:计算机是一种电子机器，它可以根据存放在内存里的一系列程序操控数据，并可以在非常短的时间内完成复杂的任务。3.Speech sounds had existed long before writing was invented, and even today, in some parts of the world, there are still languages that have no writing systems.ANSWER:语音在书面写作发明以前便早已存在了，即使到了今天，世界上一些地方，仍然还只是

31、存在语言而没有书写系统。4. The fact that over the years numerous dictionaries have been produced with a view to explaining the meaning of words also bears witness to its long tradition.ANSWER:多年以来,无数的词典屡次提出以期解释“word含义的事实,也见证了其悠久的历史.5.Language is a product of human intelligence, created anew in each individual b

32、y operations that lie far beyond the reach of will or consciousness.ANSWER:语言是人类智慧的产物,通过运作被每个个体重新建构,而这种运作是远非意志或意识所与的.6.It is hard to define “word in the scientific sense. Nevertheless, it is agreed that three senses are involved in defining “word, none of which, of course, is satisfactory to cope with all the situation.ANSWER:很难从科学意义上定义“单词，不过，在定义“单