最新英语语言学试题库.docx

1、最新英语语言学试题库英 语 语 言 学 .Directions：Read each of the following statements carefully，Decide which of the four choices completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets. 1.There are ( )main areas of phonetic study.A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5ANSWER:B2.The term( )linguistics may be defined as a way

2、of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages. A.synchronic B.diachronic C.comparative D.historical comparativeANSWER:B3.Foreign language learning always contain ( )A language historical process learning B.input and language

3、learningC inter language in language learning D.grammar and language learningANSWER:BCD4.The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+ last name

4、, ( )and kin term. A title+ first name B title+ title C title alone D first name+ last name+ titleANSWER:C5.Features of the language in fictions are: ( )A stress and metrical patterning B speech and thought presentation C prose style D analysis of the textANSWER:BC6. Which of the following best stat

5、es the behaviorist view of child language acquisition? ( ) A Language acquisition is a process of habit formation B Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings C Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language D Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites

6、 for language and language useANSWER:A7.Words can be identified in terms of ( )A a minimum free form B stabilityC relative uninterruptibility D variable or notANSWER:ABC8.Which is not the features of language? ( )A arbitrariness B dualityC creativity D replacementANSWER:D9.Approachers to syntax can

7、be: ( )A the traditional approach B the structural approachC the functional approach D the generative approachANSWER:ABCD10.Predication analysis is a way to analyze( )meaning.A phoneme B word C phrase D sentenceANSWER:D11.Lexical change cannot be a result of ( )A phonological change B semantic chang

8、eC analogical change D orthographic changeANSWER:C 12.The words that contain only one morpheme are called ( )A bound morphemes B roots C free morphemes D affixesANSWER:B13.( ) is the study of language in relation to the mind.A Psycholinguistics B Sociolinguistics C Linguistics D SemanticsANSWER:A14.

9、Which belongs to the main branches of linguistics? ( )A phonetics B metalingy C morphology D syntax ANSWER:ACD15.Which doesnt belong to the main branches of linguistics? ( )A phonetics B morphology C metalingy D syntax ANSWER:C16.Voicing as a quality of speech sounds is caused by the vibration of (

10、)A the velum B the vocal cords C the glottis D the uvulaANSWER:B17.Sense of “word” contains: ( )A a physically definable unit B the common factor underlying a set of formsC an essential former of sentences D a grammatical unitANSWER:ABD18.Different functional speech varieties known as are expected i

11、n, say, a church sermon, a diplomatic encounter, a family dinner, or a sports broadcast.A registers B styles C dialects D accentsANSWER:A19.Which is not the features of language? ( )A arbitrariness B dualityC creativity D replacementANSWER:D20.We study psycholinguistics because ( )A to know about ps

12、ychological reality of linguistic structuresB to help the aphasicsC to produce findings which lead to the modification of theoretical ideasD to make it a new tool for studying psychologyANSWER:AC.Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for f

13、alse in the brackets(2%10=20%).1.Realations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.( )ANSWER:T2.Both assimilation and alienation can happen during phonological processes.( )ANSWER:T3.Phone is a phonological unit.( )ANSWER:F4.The division of English into Old English, Middle E

14、nglish, and Modern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary.( )ANSWER:F5.The first pragmatic theory is Conversational Implicature.( )ANSWER:F6.Father of modern linguistics is Swiss F. de Saussure.( )ANSWER:F7.In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spo

15、ken form.( )ANSWER:F 8.There is merely little difference between data retrieval and information retrieval.( )ANSWER:F9.If a child is deprived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.( )ANSWER:T10. There is no difference between data retrieval and in

16、formation retrieval.( )ANSWER:F11.Language refers to the abstract innate system, however, parole refers to the outcome or what we actually utter/write.( )ANSWER:T12.There are some relations between language and culture, language and society, but they are not deserved to spend a lot of time studying.

17、( )ANSWER:F13.Language acquisition is a hot research topic today, and social, cultural, personal factors are also observed to be affecting.( )ANSWER:T14.Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations while linguistic forms with the same reference always

18、have the same sense.( )ANSWER:F15.Realations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.( )ANSWER:T16.A compound is the combination of two words.( )ANSWER:F17. Both assimilation and alienation can happen during phonological processes.( )ANSWER:T18.Synchronic describes language b

19、y analyzing its development through different period of time, while diachronic describes phenomenon of language of a certain period.( )ANSWER:F 19.Language refers to the abstract innate system, however, parole refers to the outcome or what we actually utter/write.( )ANSWER:T20.The meaning of a sente

20、nce is always the sum total of the words in that sentence.( )ANSWER:F.Directions: Explain the following terms(3%5=15%).1. displacementANSWER: Displacement，as one of the design features of the human language，refers to the fact that one can talk about things that are not present，as easily as he does t

21、hings presently.2.cultural transmissionANSWER: It means that language is not biologically transmitted from generation to generation，but that the details of the linguistic system must be learned anew by each speaker.3.categoryANSWER:Category, in some approaches refers to classes and functions in its

22、narrow sense, more specifically, it refers to the defining properties of general units.4.arbitrarinessANSWER: One design feature of human language,which refers to the face that the forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning.5.Vowl:ANSWER: Are sound segments produced with

23、out such obstruction,so no turbulence of a total stopping of the air can be perceived.6. lexicon:ANSWER: A list of all the words in a language assigned to various lexical categories and provided with semantic interpretation.7. linguisticsANSWER: Linguistics is the scientific study of language, it st

24、udies not just one language of any one society，but the language of all human beings.8.word ANSWER: Word is a unit of expression that has universal intuitive recognition by native speakers, whether it is expressed in spoken or written form.Briefly answer the following questions1.Please list the 4 des

25、ign features of languageANSWER:arbitrariness duality creativity displacement2. Why do linguists say language is human specific?ANSWER: First of all，human language has six “design features” which animal communication systems do not have，at least not in the true sense of them.Secondly，linguists have d

26、one a lot trying to teach animals such as chimpanzees to speak a human language but have achieved nothing inspiring.Thirdly，a human child reared among animals cannot speak a human language，not even when he is taken back and taught to lo to so.3.What does phonology study？What is the difference betwee

27、n phonetics and phonology？ANSWER: Phonology studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.Phonetics is the study of sounds that the human voice is capable of creating whereas Phonology is the study of a subset of those sounds that

28、 constitute language and meaning. The first focuses on chaos while the second focuses on order.4.List the seven functions of human languages.ANSWER: Informative function Interpersonal function Performative function Metalingual function Phatic communion function Recreational functionEmotive function.

29、Translation1.In linguistics, it refers to the study of the rules governing the way words are combined to form sentences in a language ,or simply, the study of the formation of sentences.ANSWER:在语言学上,它是指在一种语言中,对指导文字组合进而形成句子规则的研究,或简言之,是对句子构成的研究.2.Computer is an electronic machine that can be used to m

30、anipulate data according to a series of instruction stored in its memory and which can perform complex tasks in a very short time.ANSWER:计算机是一种电子机器，它可以根据存放在内存里的一系列程序操控数据，并可以在非常短的时间内完成复杂的任务。3.Speech sounds had existed long before writing was invented, and even today, in some parts of the world, there

31、 are still languages that have no writing systems.ANSWER:语音在书面写作发明以前便早已存在了，即使到了今天，世界上一些地方，仍然还只是存在语言而没有书写系统。4. The fact that over the years numerous dictionaries have been produced with a view to explaining the meaning of words also bears witness to its long tradition.ANSWER:多年以来,无数的词典多次提出以期解释“word”含

32、义的事实,也见证了其悠久的历史.5.Language is a product of human intelligence, created anew in each individual by operations that lie far beyond the reach of will or consciousness.ANSWER:语言是人类智慧的产物,通过运作被每个个体重新建构,而这种运作是远非意志或意识所及的.6.It is hard to define “word” in the scientific sense. Nevertheless, it is agreed that three s