最新英语语言学试题库.docx
《最新英语语言学试题库.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新英语语言学试题库.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
最新英语语言学试题库
英语语言学
Ⅰ.Directions：
Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully，DecidewhichofthefourchoicescompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.
1.Thereare（）mainareasofphoneticstudy.
A.2B.3C.4D.5
ANSWER:
B
2.Theterm（）linguisticsmaybedefinedasawayofreferringtotheapproachwhichstudieslanguagechangeovervariousperiodsoftimeandatvarioushistoricalstages.
A.synchronicB.diachronicC.comparativeD.historicalcomparative
ANSWER:
B
3.Foreignlanguagelearningalwayscontain（）
AlanguagehistoricalprocesslearningB.inputandlanguagelearning
CinterlanguageinlanguagelearningD.grammarandlanguagelearning
ANSWER:
BCD
4.Thewayinwhichpeopleaddresseachotherdependsontheirage,sex,socialgroup,andpersonalrelationship.TheEnglishsystemofaddressformsfrequentlyusedincludesfirstname,lastname,title+lastname,（）andkinterm.
Atitle+firstnameBtitle+title
CtitlealoneDfirstname+lastname+title
ANSWER:
C
5.Featuresofthelanguageinfictionsare:
（）
AstressandmetricalpatterningBspeechandthoughtpresentation
CprosestyleDanalysisofthetext
ANSWER:
BC
6.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthebehavioristviewofchildlanguageacquisition?
（）
ALanguageacquisitionisaprocessofhabitformation
BLanguageacquisitionisthespecies-specificpropertyofhumanbeings
CChildrenarebornwithaninnateabilitytoacquirelanguage
DHumansareequippedwiththeneuralprerequisitesforlanguageandlanguageuse
ANSWER:
A
7.Wordscanbeidentifiedintermsof（）
AaminimumfreeformBstability
CrelativeuninterruptibilityDvariableornot
ANSWER:
ABC
8.Whichisnotthefeaturesoflanguage?
（）
AarbitrarinessBduality
CcreativityDreplacement
ANSWER:
D
9.Approacherstosyntaxcanbe:
（）
AthetraditionalapproachBthestructuralapproach
CthefunctionalapproachDthegenerativeapproach
ANSWER:
ABCD
10.Predicationanalysisisawaytoanalyze（）meaning.
AphonemeBwordCphraseDsentence
ANSWER:
D
11.Lexicalchangecannotbearesultof（）
AphonologicalchangeBsemanticchange
CanalogicalchangeDorthographicchange
ANSWER:
C
12.Thewordsthatcontainonlyonemorphemearecalled（）
AboundmorphemesBrootsCfreemorphemesDaffixes
ANSWER:
B
13.（）isthestudyoflanguageinrelationtothemind.
APsycholinguisticsBSociolinguisticsCLinguisticsDSemantics
ANSWER:
A
14.Whichbelongstothemainbranchesoflinguistics?
（）
AphoneticsBmetalingyCmorphologyDsyntax
ANSWER:
ACD
15.Whichdoesn’tbelongtothemainbranchesoflinguistics?
（）
AphoneticsBmorphologyCmetalingyDsyntax
ANSWER:
C
16.Voicingasaqualityofspeechsoundsiscausedbythevibrationof（）
AthevelumBthevocalcordsCtheglottisDtheuvula
ANSWER:
B
17.Senseof“word”contains:
（）
AaphysicallydefinableunitBthecommonfactorunderlyingasetofforms
CanessentialformerofsentencesDagrammaticalunit
ANSWER:
ABD
18.Differentfunctionalspeechvarietiesknownasareexpectedin,say,achurchsermon,adiplomaticencounter,afamilydinner,orasportsbroadcast.
AregistersBstylesCdialectsDaccents
ANSWER:
A
19.Whichisnotthefeaturesoflanguage?
（）
AarbitrarinessBduality
CcreativityDreplacement
ANSWER:
D
20.Westudypsycholinguisticsbecause（）
Atoknowaboutpsychologicalrealityoflinguisticstructures
Btohelptheaphasics
Ctoproducefindingswhichleadtothemodificationoftheoreticalideas
Dtomakeitanewtoolforstudyingpsychology
ANSWER:
AC
Ⅱ.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebrackets（2%×10=20%）.
1.Realationsbetweenmeaningsofwordscanbesynonymy,antonymyorhyponymy.（）
ANSWER:
T
2.Bothassimilationandalienationcanhappenduringphonologicalprocesses.（）
ANSWER:
T
3.Phoneisaphonologicalunit.（）
ANSWER:
F
4.ThedivisionofEnglishintoOldEnglish,MiddleEnglish,andModernEnglishisnonconventionalandnotarbitrary.（）
ANSWER:
F
5.ThefirstpragmatictheoryisConversationalImplicature.（）
ANSWER:
F
6.FatherofmodernlinguisticsisSwissF.deSaussure.（）
ANSWER:
F
7.Inthehistoryofanylanguagethewritingsystemalwayscameintobeingbeforethespokenform.（）
ANSWER:
F
8.Thereismerelylittledifferencebetweendataretrievalandinformationretrieval.（）
ANSWER:
F
9.Ifachildisdeprivedoflinguisticenvironment,heorsheisunlikelytolearnalanguagesuccessfullylateron.（）
ANSWER:
T
10.Thereisnodifferencebetweendataretrievalandinformationretrieval.（）
ANSWER:
F
11.Languagereferstotheabstractinnatesystem,however,parolereferstotheoutcomeorwhatweactuallyutter/write.（）
ANSWER:
T
12.Therearesomerelationsbetweenlanguageandculture,languageandsociety,buttheyarenotdeservedtospendalotoftimestudying.（）
ANSWER:
F
13.Languageacquisitionisahotresearchtopictoday,andsocial,cultural,personalfactorsarealsoobservedtobeaffecting.（）
ANSWER:
T
14.Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituationswhilelinguisticformswiththesamereferencealwayshavethesamesense.
（）
ANSWER:
F
15.Realationsbetweenmeaningsofwordscanbesynonymy,antonymyorhyponymy.（）
ANSWER:
T
16.Acompoundisthecombinationoftwowords.（）
ANSWER:
F
17.Bothassimilationandalienationcanhappenduringphonologicalprocesses.（）
ANSWER:
T
18.Synchronicdescribeslanguagebyanalyzingitsdevelopmentthroughdifferentperiodoftime,whilediachronicdescribesphenomenonoflanguageofacertainperiod.（）
ANSWER:
F
19.Languagereferstotheabstractinnatesystem,however,parolereferstotheoutcomeorwhatweactuallyutter/write.（）
ANSWER:
T
20.Themeaningofasentenceisalwaysthesumtotalofthewordsinthatsentence.（）
ANSWER:
F
Ⅲ.Directions:
Explainthefollowingterms（3%×5=15%）.
1.displacement
ANSWER:
Displacement，asoneofthedesignfeaturesofthehumanlanguage，referstothefactthatonecantalkaboutthingsthatarenotpresent，aseasilyashedoesthingspresently.
2.culturaltransmission
ANSWER:
Itmeansthatlanguageisnotbiologicallytransmittedfromgenerationtogeneration，butthatthedetailsofthelinguisticsystemmustbelearnedanewbyeachspeaker.
3.category
ANSWER:
Category,insomeapproachesreferstoclassesandfunctionsinitsnarrowsense,morespecifically,itreferstothedefiningpropertiesofgeneralunits.
4.arbitrariness
ANSWER:
Onedesignfeatureofhumanlanguage,whichreferstothefacethattheformsoflinguisticsignsbearnonaturalrelationshiptotheirmeaning.
5.Vowl:
ANSWER:
Aresoundsegmentsproducedwithoutsuchobstruction,sonoturbulenceofatotalstoppingoftheaircanbeperceived.
6.lexicon:
ANSWER:
Alistofallthewordsinalanguageassignedtovariouslexicalcategoriesandprovidedwithsemanticinterpretation.
7.linguistics
ANSWER:
Linguisticsisthescientificstudyoflanguage,itstudiesnotjustonelanguageofanyonesociety，butthelanguageofallhumanbeings.
8.word
ANSWER:
Wordisaunitofexpressionthathasuniversalintuitiverecognitionbynativespeakers,whetheritisexpressedinspokenorwrittenform.
Ⅳ.Brieflyanswerthefollowingquestions
1.Pleaselistthe4designfeaturesoflanguage
ANSWER:
①arbitrariness②duality③creativity④displacement
2.Whydolinguistssaylanguageishumanspecific?
ANSWER:
Firstofall，humanlanguagehassix“designfeatures”whichanimalcommunicationsystemsdonothave，atleastnotinthetruesenseofthem.
Secondly，linguistshavedonealottryingtoteachanimalssuchaschimpanzeestospeakahumanlanguagebuthaveachievednothinginspiring.
Thirdly，ahumanchildrearedamonganimalscannotspeakahumanlanguage，notevenwhenheistakenbackandtaughttolotoso.
3.Whatdoesphonologystudy？
Whatisthedifferencebetweenphoneticsandphonology？
ANSWER:
Phonologystudiestherulesgoverningthestructure,distribution,andsequencingofspeechsoundsandtheshapeofsyllables.
PhoneticsisthestudyofsoundsthatthehumanvoiceiscapableofcreatingwhereasPhonologyisthestudyofasubsetofthosesoundsthatconstitutelanguageandmeaning.Thefirstfocusesonchaoswhilethesecondfocusesonorder.
4.Listthesevenfunctionsofhumanlanguages.
ANSWER:
①Informativefunction②Interpersonalfunction③Performativefunction④Metalingualfunction⑤Phaticcommunionfunction⑥Recreationalfunction
⑦Emotivefunction
Ⅴ.Translation
1.Inlinguistics,itreferstothestudyoftherulesgoverningthewaywordsarecombinedtoformsentencesinalanguage,orsimply,thestudyoftheformationofsentences.
ANSWER:
在语言学上,它是指在一种语言中,对指导文字组合进而形成句子规则的研究,或简言之,是对句子构成的研究.
2.Computerisanelectronicmachinethatcanbeusedtomanipulatedataaccordingtoaseriesofinstructionstoredinitsmemoryandwhichcanperformcomplextasksinaveryshorttime.
ANSWER:
计算机是一种电子机器，它可以根据存放在内存里的一系列程序操控数据，并可以在非常短的时间内完成复杂的任务。
3.Speechsoundshadexistedlongbeforewritingwasinvented,andeventoday,insomepartsoftheworld,therearestilllanguagesthathavenowritingsystems.
ANSWER:
语音在书面写作发明以前便早已存在了，即使到了今天，世界上一些地方，仍然还只是存在语言而没有书写系统。
4.Thefactthatovertheyearsnumerousdictionarieshavebeenproducedwithaviewtoexplainingthemeaningofwordsalsobearswitnesstoitslongtradition.
ANSWER:
多年以来,无数的词典多次提出以期解释“word”含义的事实,也见证了其悠久的历史.
5.Languageisaproductofhumanintelligence,createdanewineachindividualbyoperationsthatliefarbeyondthereachofwillorconsciousness.
ANSWER:
语言是人类智慧的产物,通过运作被每个个体重新建构,而这种运作是远非意志或意识所及的.
6.Itishardtodefine“word”inthescientificsense.Nevertheless,itisagreedthatthrees
升级会员 