必修三Unit4.docx

1、必修三Unit4Editor: Luo Dan Zhou Jie Proofreader: Luo Yuhua 必修三 Unit 4学案二 词句版Section I Warming up, Pre-reading,Reading &Comprehending句型归纳1. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到38-45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢形成一个固体的球状物。

2、（教材P25）be to do 在此处表示不可避免将要发生的事。be to do 用法点拨：(1) 说明主语的具体内容Her wish is to be an artist. 她的愿望是成为一名艺术家。(2) 表示按计划，安排要做某事We are to meet at the school gate. 我们将在校门口碰头。(3) 表示不可避免或命中注定将要发生的事They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere

3、.（教材P25）它们最终产生了碳，氮气，水蒸气和其它多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。As a young man, he didnt know he was to win world fame later on.年轻时，他不知道自己日后会举世闻名。They were never to meet again.他们注定以后永远不会再见面了。(4) 表示命令或要求You are to do your homework before you watch TV.你看电视前要先做作业。No one is to leave this building without the permission of t

4、he police.没有警方许可，任何人不得离开这座楼。即时训练：(1) In a room above the store, where a party _, some workers were busy setting the table.A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held(2) The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.(2012全国I)A. is made B. would m

5、ake C. was to be made D. had made2. They produced young generally by laying eggs.(教材P26)它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。by doing“通过做”, 在此句中作方式状语。介词by的常见用法：(1) 用于被动语态的句子中，表示动作的执行者，意为“被，由”。The book was written by Lu Xun. 这本书是鲁迅写的。(2) 表示方式，方法，手段等，后接无冠词的名词或动名词，意为“通过; 靠”. He made a living by teaching. 他以教书为生。 Dont judge

6、 a person by appearance. 勿以貌取人。travel by bus/ plane / train 乘汽车/ 飞机/ 火车(3) 表示时间，意为“到时为止；到之前”。I have to go back by ten oclock. 我必须10点之前回家。 By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到十岁时， 他已学了约1000个英语单词。(4) 表示（程度，尺寸，数量等的）增减幅度，意为“（增加/减少）了；以之差”。House prices went up by 10%. 房价上涨了10%

7、。(5) 表示位置，意为“在.旁边； 经过”There is a tower by the river. 那条河边有一座塔。He walked by me without speaking. 他一言不发的从我身边走过。(6) 表示时间或量度单位，与the 连用 We rented the car by the day. 我们按日租用汽车。 We only sell it by the meter. 我们只按米出售。即时训练：（1）_ we always stay healthy. (balance) 只有均衡饮食我们才能保持健康。（2）The bike _ was his. (travel)

8、我旅行用的自行车是他的。单词点击1. unlike prep. 不像，不同于（反义：like）adj. 不像的，不同的（反义：alike） (不用于名词前) Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.(教材P26)在火星这些其它行星上也都出现了水，但和地球不同的是，这些水后来都消失了。 Unlike her brother, she is hard-working. 和她弟弟不同，她工作很努力。 It is unlike him to sa

9、y so. 讲那种话，实在不像他。 The twins are unlike in character. 那对双胞胎个性不同。辨析：易混词词性词义词性词义likeprep.像一样v.喜欢dislikev.不喜欢；厌恶n.厌恶unlikeprep.不像adj.不同的alikeadj.相像的adv.同样地即时训练：(1) 用like的派生词填空：_ John, Tom _ playing football.与约翰不同，汤姆不喜欢踢足球。(2) The festival has been a great success, _ last year when it rained nonstop.A. l

10、ike B. unlike C. alike D. dislike(3) _ that nobody believes they are sisters.(unlike) 她们那么不同，没人认为她们是姐妹。2. harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to sb./sth. 对有害 What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. (

11、教材P26)很多科学家们相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。 Global warming is harmful to some plants. 全球变暖对某些植物有害。harm (n.)(vt.) 伤害；损害do harm to sb./sth.= do sb./sth. harm对有害mean no harm 没有恶意harmless (adj.) 无害的即时训练：_to drink too much alcohol. (harmful)过量饮酒有害健康。3. lay vt. 下(蛋); 产(卵)；(尤指小心地或轻轻地)安放，放置，搁；铺设lay eg

12、gs 产卵；下蛋lay sb./sth. (down) on 把放在/搁在上 They produced young generally by laying eggs. (教材P26)它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。 She laid the baby down gently on the bed.她把婴儿轻轻地放在床上。 The man is coming to lay the carpet on Saturday.星期六有人会来铺地毯。 注意：lay(过去式)laid-(过去分词)laid-(现在分词)laying 即时训练：(1) 用lie和lay的适当形式填空：The boy who

13、_ under the tree _ to me that the cock _ an egg yesterday.躺在树下的那个男孩对我撒谎说，昨天那只公鸡下了一个蛋。(2) The man _ the box down and _ down for a rest. A. laid; lay B. lied; laid C. lay; laid D. lay; lay4. exist vi. 存在；生存 (不用于进行时态)exist in 存在于.之中exist on 靠为生/生存There exists/ existed 某地有; 存在 They laid eggs too and exi

14、sted on the earth for more than 140 million years.(教材P26)它们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。 Dont be silly. Such a thing doesnt exist. 别傻了，这种东西是不存在的。 The problem only exists in your head, Jane. 这个问题不过是你的想象，简。 They exist on very little money/food. 他们靠极少的金钱/食物来过活。 There existed dinosaurs on the earth a long time ag

15、o.很久以前有恐龙生活在地球上。existence n. 存在；生存come into existence/ being 开始存在；形成 When did the universe come into existence/ being?宇宙是什么时候开始存在的？即时训练：(1) _ agriculture. ( exist )农业方面也存在问题。(2) The only lady _. ( exist )那位老太太靠面包和咖啡度日。(3) Once, there, in the small temple, _ a big bell. But now it has gone.A. happene

16、d B. came C. existed D. stood5. thus adv. 因此，从而；以此方式，这样 Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.(教材P26)于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。 We dont own the building. Thus, it would be impossible for us to make any changes to it.我们不是这栋楼房的房主， 因此不能对它进行改动。 Many experts have argu

17、ed thus.许多专家都这样论证过。 The universities have expanded, thus allowing many more people the chance of higher education.大学扩招了，这样就使更多人能有机会接受高等教育。即时训练：Progress so far has been very good. _, we are sure that the project will be completed on time.A. However B. Otherwise C. Thus D. Besides6. puzzle n. 难题，无法理解的

18、事物；(游戏的)猜谜，智力竞赛，拼图玩具(游戏)；vt. vi. 使(人)伤脑筋/ 困惑/ 为难；(为事)烦恼/ 绞尽脑汁)solve a puzzle 解决难题sb. be in a puzzle (about) 不知如何是好；(对)感到困惑a crossword puzzle 纵横字谜a piece of the puzzle (有助于理解难题，神秘事物等的)一条信息/线索puzzle sb. 使某人伤脑筋/困惑/为难puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索/仔细琢磨某事puzzle sth. out 琢磨出/想出的答案 How life began on earth is

19、one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve. (教材P27)生命究竟是怎样起源的是科学家们觉得最难以解决的问题之一。 These computers are a puzzle to me. 我搞不懂这些电脑。 People were in a puzzle about the crash in which the president of Poland died.人们对波兰总统坠机身亡这一事件感到困惑。 This sentence puzzled me. 这个句子令我伤脑筋。 Karen puzzled over

20、/about the question all evening. 卡伦整个晚上都在苦苦思索这个问题。 I have been trying to puzzle out why she is so upset.puzzled(adj.) 迷惑的，困惑的puzzling (adj.) 令人迷惑的puzzlement (n.) 迷惘，困惑我一直想试图搞清楚她为什么如此烦恼。 She listened with a puzzled expression.她带着困惑的表情倾听着。即时训练：(1) _ to me why they didnt choose him. (puzzle)他们为什么没有选我对我

21、来说仍是个谜。(2) _ is not his job, but his attitude. (puzzle)困扰我的不是他的工作而是他的态度。(3) The situation is more _ than ever. I feel _ about what to do next.A. puzzled; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling C. puzzling; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling短语诠释1. in time 及时；终于，迟早(be/do sth.) in time for sth. 及时赶上(be/do sth.) in ti

22、me for sb. to do 及时/最终做了某事 They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere.（教材P25）它们最终产生了碳，氮气，水蒸气和其它多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。 The doctor came in time to save the boy. 医生及时赶来救了那个孩子 Will you be back in time for dinner?你会及时赶回来吃晚饭吗？ You will

23、succeed in time. 你迟早会成功的思维拓展at times = sometimes 有时 from time to time 不时地，间或at no time 从来没有，在任何时候都不(放在句首做状语，句子的主谓要采用部分倒装at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度 in no time 立刻at a time 一次；每次 kill time消磨时间at the same time 同时 on time 按时；准时ahead of time 提前，提早 once upon a time 从前all the time 一直；始终；老是 take one s time不着急；慢慢

24、来by the time到的时候为止 for the time being 暂时；暂且 I jumped into the river in no time.我立刻跳到了水中。 At no time did I tell you that you could use my car.我从没告诉过你说你可以用我的车子 I lost myself at one time.曾经一度我迷失了我自己及时训练：(1) _, I lost heart in English learning. But my teacher often said to me, Keep on studying hard, and

25、 youll succeed . A. At a time; in time B. At a time; on timeC. At one time; in time D. At one time; on time(2) The firefighters were just _ for rescue, so only a few people got slightly hurt.A. on time B. in time C at times D. at one time2. give birth to 分娩；生产；诞生 These animals were different from al

26、l life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. (教材P 26)这些动物不同于以往所有的生命形态， 因为它们能从体内产出幼仔并给幼仔哺乳。 She gave birth to a healthy baby last night.她昨晚生下了一个健康的婴儿。 It was the study of history that gave birth to the social sciences.对历史的研究孕育了社会科学。及时训练：The w

27、oman _ last year proved to be a film star. (birth)昨天生下双胞胎的那位女士证明是一位电影明星。3. in ones turn 接着 轮到某人 Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.(教材P26)于是，他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。 I told Frank and he in his turn told Peter.我告诉了弗兰克，他接着告诉了彼得。 He cooked the meal in his turn thi

28、s week.这周轮到他做饭了。 思维拓展:Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事in turn 依次/相继地，轮流地；转而，反过来by turns 轮流地，交替地take turns to do sth./ doing sth. 轮流做某事 Its my turn to cook the meal this week.这周轮到我做饭了。 He asked each of us in turn to describe how the universe came into being.他要我们每个人依次描述宇宙是怎样形成的。 We took turns driving/

29、to drive on the way up to Canada.在北去加拿大的途中，我们轮流开车。.即时训练：(1) 这周轮到我们开车送孩子上学了。(turn) (两种翻译)We have to drive the kids to school _ this week._ drive the kids to school this week.(2) 用in ones turn , in turn，by turns,和take turns的适当形式填空： Both of us read the poem_. 我们俩轮流读这首诗。 We sang the songs _. 我们依次唱歌。 The classes _ to visit the exhibition. 各班学生轮流参观展览。 They, _, made some advice for the plan. 他们接着为这项计划提了一些建议。4. prevent sb./ sth. (from) doing