专题整理重要动词短语及其他短语归类精.docx

1、专题整理重要动词短语及其他短语归类精词组专题Part one: 动词短语基本要点:动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起,构成短语动词。最常见的有以下几类: I动词+介词:(at, for, after, on, to, with, of, from, in, into, through, about等构成的词组,相当于一个及物动词,其宾语只能接在介词之后。They finally agreed on the plan. This job calls for skills and patience.The bank was broken into last night. Well thin

2、k about it.II动词+副词:(up, off, out, away, on, in, over, down, about,round/around等构成的词组1. 一部分为不及物动词短语,不能直接加宾语,也无被动。如:break out, come about, come out2.一部分为及物的动词短语, 其宾语如果是名词,可前可后;若是代词,则只能放在当中。You can call your teacher up=You can call up your teacher You can call him up. Well think it over.III动词+副词+介词: 相当

3、于及物动词We must make up for the lost time. 我们必须弥补失去的时间。Do I have to do away with my habit? 我是不是得除掉我的习惯?IV动词+名词/ (反身代词+介词: 相当于一及物动词He never helps me without trying to take advantage of me. (利用 In school, I often take charge of various activities. (负责一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词1. V+about(介词:关于:皆为及物短语动词ask / in

4、quire about: 询问的情况care about: 在乎;/介意;关注quarrel about/over为争论/争吵argue about/over为争论/ /辩论d ebate about /on为/关于辩论discuss about讨论,议论worry about:担心concern about:关心,挂念know/learn about:了解read about:读知, 阅后得知talk about:谈论hear about:听说(=hear ofcomplain about(抱怨/投诉bring about带来,造成think about:考虑speak about:谈到,谈

5、论(=speak of s et about doing sth着手做某事do sth about.想办法/采取措施解决.V+about(副词:到处/四周:皆为不及物短语动词walk/go about:四处走动move abou t:四处走,经常搬家wander about:漫步/徘徊h ang about :闲荡c ome about : 发生look about/around:环顾;(商店中四处看2. V+across(介词或副词come across.:偶遇(=come upon run across.:偶然发现/碰到cut across: 抄近路穿过/横越; 影响put /get( a

6、cross to sb: 解释/传达,使某人明白 It took me an hour to get my intention across to her.3. V+after(介词be after:寻求,寻找,追求go/run/chase after:追赶/逐look after:照顾take after: 长得像;学某人的样ask after:探问/询问name. after.:以名字命名.4. V+alongcome along跟着一起来Will you come along with me? 进展/进步She is coming along nicely after the opera

7、tion.bring/take。along把带来/去get along /on 相处;进展get along/on with sb/sth与某人相处;在.进展5. V+against(介词:argaue against:(发表意见反对/反驳be against:反对fight/struggle against:与做斗争go against:违背,反对;对.不利The case might go against him. He went against the advice of his colleagues and resigned.turn against:背叛; 对采取敌对态度. Even

8、 those who are once for him begin to turn against him.warn against:警告不要, 提醒提防I would warn against such an adventureprevent /guard / provide against预防We have to provide against accidents. These rules can prevent /guard against accidents.6 V+ apart(副词或形容词:分别/分开的take apar t拆开;剖析tear apart:扯/拆开,使心碎tell

9、apart:分别/区别set apart:区别,突出fall/come apart: 瓦解/崩溃7. V+ round(副词get round 传开来; 四处走动It was not long before the news got round that Tracey was dating James.get sb round: 说服某人He is determined and wont give insee if you can get him roundget round to( doing sth: 终于去做/找到时间做I havent even got round to unpacki

10、n g from my holiday e round: 恢复/苏醒Pour some water on his face hell soon come round. Dont scold the boy; hell come round in time.改变意见She will never come round (to our way of thinking.(非正式的来访,到来;绕道Come round when you have time. Christmas will soon come round.bring. round/around(to.: 使某人恢复知觉We managed

11、to bring her round with some smelling salt.说服某人改变想法Bring him round to our point of view把话题转到. He brought the discussion round to football.18. V+aside(在一边,另外put/leave/setaside:留出/拨出以备专用; 撇开/搁置一边不考虑lay aside:暂放一边throw aside:抛弃aside from = besides 除.外(还有9. V+as(介词:充当/作为s erve as:充当,用作act as: 扮演,充当work

12、as:充当,担任工作function as:充当(功能10. V+at(介词shout /yell at:对叫喊knock at:敲laugh at:嘲笑fly at:扑向point at:指向/着,对准come a t:袭击,达到go a t:扑向,尽力干catch at:想抓住,渴望shoot/fire at:向开火aim at旨在;瞄准;企图target at把瞄准 attempt at 尝试/企图; 努力look at:看stare at:盯着看;凝视glare a t:怒视glance at瞥见,看一下(浏览 call at sp:访问某地drop in at sp顺便走访某地arr

13、ive at:到达; 达成arrive at conclusion/agreementwork at:从事,钻研wonder at:对惊奇estimate at: 估计11.V+ away(副词put away:放好/收好;储存备用;舍弃give away:赠送,分送; 泄露turn awa y:解雇; 把打发走s end away:驱逐,解雇clear away:清除,移走wear away:磨掉,(时间消逝throw away:扔掉,抛弃take away:拿走smooth away:克服,消除pass away:去世/逝世go away:走开,离开die away(风/声音渐息/渐弱;(

14、树木凋零/枯萎12. V+ back(副词keep back:阻挡; 隐瞒;扣留hold back:忍住,抑制住bring back:拿回;使回想起,使恢复take back:带回;撤销/收回(说的话g ive back:归还;反射(光等 get back找回/取回;回来call back:回电,召回处理answer back:回嘴pay back:偿还,向报复,回报13. V+by(介词或副词:go by路过某地; 时间过去pass by经过某地;(时间逝去stand by旁观(=look on;准备行动;支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守14.V+ down(介词或副词turn down:调低(音

15、量等;拒绝某人let sb down使某人失望put down:放下,记下,镇压note / put / take down:记下take down取下;记下;拆卸tear/pull down拆毁break down:出毛病;破裂;崩溃;分解burn down烧毁cut dow n:削减,减少;杀死,砍倒k eep down压制;控制,缩减开支hold down 压制;抑制(热情等 缩减slow down使慢下来,减缓knock down击/撞倒;拆除;使降价bring down使降落/下降,降价g o down:下降,减少;沉没go down with生病lay down:放下,铺设hand down:传递,遗传下来pass down: 传下来fall down落下;跌到;倒塌;失败;证明是不行的die down:渐熄calm down 平静/镇定下来s ettle down定居;平静下来settle down to安定下来专心于g et down:从下来;下车;写下;使沮丧get down to开始认真做,着手做15.V+for(介词make for:向前进; 有利于/促进head for驶向,走向set sail for /set off for向某地驶去/出发leave for动身去某地look