专题整理重要动词短语及其他短语归类精.docx

专题整理重要动词短语及其他短语归类精.docx

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专题整理重要动词短语及其他短语归类精

词组专题

Partone:

动词短语

基本要点:

动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起,构成短语动词。

最常见的有以下几类:

I·动词+介词:

（at,for,after,on,to,with,of,from,in,into,through,about等构成的词组,相当于一个及物动词,其宾语只能接在介词之后。

Theyfinallyagreedontheplan.Thisjobcallsforskillsandpatience.

Thebankwasbrokenintolastnight.We’llthinkaboutit.

II·动词+副词:

（up,off,out,away,on,in,over,down,about,round/around等构成的词组

1.一部分为不及物动词短语,不能直接加宾语,也无被动。

如:

breakout,comeabout,comeout

2.一部分为及物的动词短语,其宾语如果是名词,可前可后;若是代词,则只能放在当中。

Youcancallyourteacherup=YoucancallupyourteacherYoucancallhimup.We’llthinkitover.

III·动词+副词+介词:

相当于及物动词

Wemustmakeupforthelosttime.我们必须弥补失去的时间。

DoIhavetodoawaywithmyhabit?

我是不是得除掉我的习惯?

IV·动词+名词/（反身代词+介词:

相当于一及物动词

Heneverhelpsmewithouttryingtotakeadvantageofme.（利用Inschool,Ioftentakechargeofvariousactivities.（负责

一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词

1.V+about（介词:

关于:

皆为及物短语动词

ask/inquireabout:

询问…的情况careabout:

在乎;/介意;关注quarrelabout/over为…争论/争吵

argueabout/over为…争论//辩论debateabout/on为/关于…辩论discussabout讨论,议论

worryabout:

担心concernabout:

关心,挂念know/learnabout:

了解

readabout:

读知,阅后得知talkabout:

谈论hearabout:

听说（=hearof

complainabout（抱怨/投诉bringabout带来,造成thinkabout:

考虑

speakabout:

谈到,谈论（=speakofsetaboutdoingsth着手做某事dosthabout...想办法/采取措施解决...

V+about（副词:

到处/四周:

皆为不及物短语动词

walk/goabout:

四处走动moveabout:

四处走,经常搬家wanderabout:

漫步/徘徊

hangabout:

闲荡comeabout:

发生lookabout/around:

环顾;（商店中四处看

2.V+across（介词或副词

comeacross...:

偶遇（=comeuponrunacross...:

偶然发现/碰到cutacross:

抄近路穿过/横越;影响

put/get（…acrosstosb:

解释/传达,使某人明白…Ittookmeanhourtogetmyintentionacrosstoher.

3.V+after（介词

beafter:

寻求,寻找,追求go/run/chaseafter:

追赶/逐lookafter:

照顾

takeafter:

长得像;学某人的样askafter:

探问/询问name...after...:

以…名字命名...

4.V+along

comealong跟着一起来Willyoucomealongwithme?

进展/进步Sheiscomingalongnicelyaftertheoperation.

bring/take。

。

。

along把…带来/去getalong/on相处;进展getalong/onwithsb/sth与某人相处;在...进展

5.V+against（介词:

argaueagainst:

（发表意见反对/反驳beagainst:

反对fight/struggleagainst:

与…做斗争

goagainst:

违背,反对;对...不利Thecasemightgoagainsthim.Hewentagainsttheadviceofhiscolleaguesandresigned.

turnagainst:

背叛;对…采取敌对态度.Eventhosewhoareonceforhimbegintoturnagainsthim.

warnagainst:

警告不要,提醒提防Iwouldwarnagainstsuchanadventure

prevent/guard/provideagainst预防Wehavetoprovideagainstaccidents.Theserulescanprevent/guardagainstaccidents.

6V+apart（副词或形容词:

分别/分开的

takeapart拆开;剖析tearapart:

扯/拆开,使心碎tell…apart:

分别/区别

setapart:

区别,突出fall/comeapart:

瓦解/崩溃

7.V+round（副词

getround传开来;四处走动ItwasnotlongbeforethenewsgotroundthatTraceywasdatingJames.

getsbround:

说服某人Heisdeterminedandwon’tgivein—seeifyoucangethimround

getroundto（doingsth:

终于去做/找到时间做Ihaven’tevengotroundtounpackingfrommyholidayyet.

comeround:

恢复/苏醒Poursomewateronhisfacehe'llsooncomeround.Don'tscoldtheboy;he'llcomeroundintime.

改变意见Shewillnevercomeround（toourwayofthinking.

（非正式的来访,到来;绕道Comeroundwhenyouhavetime.Christmaswillsooncomeround.

bring..round/around（to...:

使某人恢复知觉Wemanagedtobringherroundwithsomesmellingsalt.

说服某人改变想法Bringhimroundtoourpointofview把话题转到...Hebroughtthediscussionroundtofootball.

1

8.V+aside（在一边,另外

put/leave/set…aside:

留出/拨出以备专用;撇开/搁置一边不考虑layaside:

暂放一边throwaside:

抛弃

asidefrom=besides除...外（还有

9.V+as（介词:

充当/作为

serveas:

充当,用作actas:

扮演,充当workas:

充当,担任…工作functionas:

充当（…功能

10.V+at（介词

shout/yellat:

对…叫喊knockat:

敲laughat:

嘲笑flyat:

扑向

pointat:

指向/着,对准comeat:

袭击,达到goat:

扑向,尽力干catchat:

想抓住,渴望

shoot/fireat:

向…开火aimat旨在;瞄准;企图targetat把…瞄准…attemptat尝试/企图;努力

lookat:

看stareat:

盯着看;凝视glareat:

怒视glanceat瞥见,看一下（浏览callatsp:

访问某地dropinatsp顺便走访某地arriveat:

到达;达成arriveatconclusion/agreement

workat:

从事,钻研wonderat:

对…惊奇estimateat:

估计

11.V+away（副词

putaway:

放好/收好;储存备用;舍弃giveaway:

赠送,分送;泄露turnaway:

解雇;把…打发走

sendaway:

驱逐,解雇clearaway:

清除,移走wearaway:

磨掉,（时间消逝

throwaway:

扔掉,抛弃takeaway:

拿走smoothaway:

克服,消除

passaway:

去世/逝世goaway:

走开,离开dieaway（风/声音渐息/渐弱;（树木凋零/枯萎12.V+back（副词

keepback:

阻挡;隐瞒;扣留holdback:

忍住,抑制住bringback:

拿回;使…回想起,使恢复

takeback:

带回;撤销/收回（说的话giveback:

归还;反射（光等getback找回/取回;回来

callback:

回电,召回处理answerback:

回嘴payback:

偿还,向…报复,回报

13.V+by（介词或副词:

goby路过某地;时间过去passby经过某地;（时间逝去standby旁观（=lookon;准备行动;支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守14.V+down（介词或副词

turndown:

调低（音量等;拒绝某人letsbdown使某人失望putdown:

放下,记下,镇压

note/put/takedown:

记下takedown取下;记下;拆卸tear/pulldown拆毁

breakdown:

出毛病;破裂;崩溃;分解burndown烧毁cutdown:

削减,减少;杀死,砍倒

keepdown压制;控制,缩减开支holddown压制;抑制（热情等缩减slowdown使慢下来,减缓

knockdown击/撞倒;拆除;使降价bringdown使降落/下降,降价godown:

下降,减少;沉没

godownwith生…病laydown:

放下,铺设handdown:

传递,遗传下来

passdown:

传下来falldown落下;跌到;倒塌;失败;证明是不行的diedown:

渐熄

calmdown平静/镇定下来settledown定居;平静下来settledownto安定下来专心于

getdown:

从…下来;下车;写下;使沮丧getdownto开始认真做,着手做

15.V+for（介词

makefor:

向…前进;有利于/促进headfor驶向,走向setsailfor/setofffor向某地驶去/出发leavefor动身去某地look