英语复习资料.docx

1、英语复习资料UNIT 1Words & Expressions1. cope with 2. blurt out 3. inarticulate 4. bestow sth. upon （on） sb.5. downright 6. carry sb. away 7. well off 8. get possession of 9. put ones mind to sth. 10. come up with 11. brush sth. off 12. on the right track13. appalled 14. be inept at doing sth.15. fall flat

2、 16. fall apart 17. execrable18. adroit 19. poise 20. etiquette 21. comport 22. the chances are （that）Words & Expressions1. cope with be able to deal with sth. difficult; manage successfullyExamples： They lack the strength to cope with all the problems as they are not quite experienced. Even Mr. Smi

3、th, who is noted for his inexhaustible patience, could not cope with this difficult student.2. blurt out say （sth.） suddenly or without thinking of the effect or resultExamples： Peter was so excited that he blurted the news out before we could stop him. Kids are known for blurting something importan

4、t out at unusual times.Words & Expressions3. inarticulate adj. unable to express oneself clearly and fluentlyExamples： My meetings with him left me inarticulate with rage. Maisie had always thought of herself as being uneducated and inarticulate, and was surprised that anyone should ask her opinion.

5、4. bestow sth. upon （on） sb. present sth. as a gift to sb.Examples： He doesnt deserve the praise that has been bestowed upon him. The new ruler took his enemies property and bestowed it upon his followers.Words & Expressions5. downright adj. used to emphasize that something is completely bad or untr

6、ueExamples： She had made trouble whenever she could, stealing her boyfriends by telling downright lies. I thought my wedding was, despite its lacking the familiar trappings (饰物，装饰) of tradition, downright legal. SOMETHING OLD, SOMETHING NEW, SOMETHING BORROWED, SOMETHING BLUE to carry with them as t

7、hey walk down the aisle. Words & Expressions6. carry sb. away （usu. passive） cause sb. to lose self-control or be very excitedExamples： He was so carried away by fear that he didnt know what he was saying. When we listen to music we should allow ourselves to be carried away into the musical paradise

8、.Words & Expressions7. well off in a very good position or condition, esp. financiallyExamples： You shouldnt grumble about that house; you dont realize when youre well off（你自己不知道，你已经很幸运了）. I think youd be better off if you just moved back to your mothers house for a while.8. get possession of become

9、 the owner or occupier （of sth.）Examples： We didnt get possession of the car until a few days after the auction. How did you get possession of the painting?Words & Expressions9. put ones mind to sth. give all ones attention to （achieving） sth.Examples： I dont think youre incapable of accomplishing t

10、hat task; if you put your mind to it, you can do it. The scientist put his mind to the math problem to solve it. 10. come up with find or produce （an answer, a solution, etc.）Examples： Scientists will have to come up with new methods of increasing the worlds food supply. He receives ideas, organizes

11、 and comes up with interpretations and new ideas.Words & Expressions11. brush sth. off remove sth. with a brush; ignore sth.Examples： John brushed off Bills warning that he might fall from the tree. Ive tried to make contact with the neighbors but theyve always brushed me off.12. on the right track

12、thinking or acting in a correct wayExamples： He solved the problem in no time because he started out on the right track. Weve had the initial test results and it looks as though were on the right track.Words & Expressions13. appalled adj. very shocked and upset by something very bad or unpleasantExa

13、mples： Appalled at the state of the kitchen, she set about scrubbing away the layers of grime and grease（煤烟和油垢）. When I heard what had happened I was absolutely appalled.14. be inept at doing sth. be completely unskillful at doing sth.Examples： In some parts of China, a woman inept at stitching will

14、 be laughed at. Whether a student is skillful or inept at performing the task depends a great deal on the teachers instructions.Words & Expressions15. fall flat （of a joke, story, performance, etc.） fail completely to produce the effect intended or expectedExamples： What we meant to be a funny story

15、 fell completely flat. The scheme for rebuilding the city centre fell flat, owing to the refusal of the council to sanction（批准） the expenditure of the money it would have required.16. fall apart break; fall to piecesExamples： Ann did what she could do to keep the marriage from falling apart. The onl

16、y flaw of the poem is that the rhyme falls apart in the last line.Words & Expressions17. execrable adj. very bad; detestable Examples： Critics blame the students poor test performances on execrable teaching. Your handwriting is so execrable that I can hardly read it.18. adroit adj. skilfulExamples：

17、They are highly efficient and especially adroit at persuading the employees to do more work. Employing such devices is a fine test of sheer writing skill, of careful and adroit manipulation of language.Words & Expressions19. poise n. dignity and self-confidence Examples： They felt that he lacked suf

18、ficient poise and confidence for the job. Nigel was ostentatiously(炫耀地) smoking a big cigar to give an illusion of poise.20. etiquette n. rules for correct or polite behavior between people or within certain professionsExamples： It was considered a breach of etiquette to refuse an invitation. Profes

19、sional etiquette dictates that judges should not express their opinions about a case in public.Words & Expressions21. comport vt. behave （oneself）Examples： He comported himself in a way that won him respect. The teacher tells us what things are like, how the world is, and how we should comport ourse

20、lves in it.22. the chances are （that） it is likely thatExamples： The chances are that she has already known the bad news, otherwise she wouldnt look so desperate. The chances are that the insecticide（杀虫剂） is a potential threat to many species of birds and may even lead to their extinction.Passage an

21、alysis (line 9) It is one of the paradoxes of social intercourse that a compliment is harder to respond to than an insult. The fact that it is harder to respond to a compliment than an insult seems to be foolish or impossible in social communication but has some truth in it.在社会交往中，应对恭维比对付辱骂要艰难得多，这话听

22、起来有点矛盾，却有一定的道理。Passage analysis (line 21) The nearest I ever came to downright acceptance of this particular compliment was the time I said, “Well, we like it.” I ever came nearest to complete acceptance of this particular compliment when I said, “Well, we like it.”我在接受这种特定的恭维时，表示最能完全接受的说法就是“嗯，我们喜欢。

23、” Passage analysis (line 43) He employs a sort of unreasonable realism. He adopts a very realist but quite unreasonable approach.他采取了一种不近情理的现实态度。 Passage analysis (line 55) This sort of thing, the witty reply, ought to be placed under government regulation. The clever reply of this kind should be di

24、scouraged from being overused. 这种俏皮机智的应答，应该置于政府的规定之中。 Passage analysis (line 101) There is no point in trying to play the game back at them theyll top you in the end, no matter what. It is no use trying to make a clever retort theyll eventually surpass you in all situations. 要想回敬他们是没有用的不管说什么，最后他们总会占

25、上风。Passage analysis (line 103) . at the bottom of all graceful social intercourse lies poise . keeping dignified and confident is the most important in all decent social intercourse 在所有得体的社交场合，最根本的就是保持镇定 (line 109) Given the same circumstances I would have quietly asked for a coil of rope. If I were

26、 in the same situation, I would have felt so ashamed as to hang myself with a coil of rope without being noticed. 要是我遇到这种情况，我会感到极为窘迫，恨不得悄悄地找根绳子去上吊。 Passage analysis (line 112)If we could all comport ourselves with that kind of dignity, and quit jittering, our social life would be much more enjoyable

27、. 要是我们的行为举止都能保持这种风度，摆脱局促不安，那我们的社交生活就会有趣得多。Key to ExercisesB. 要善于恭维他人，重要的一步就是要懂得为什么恭维会有助于你建立更好的人际关系。 An important step in becoming an effective flatterer is to understand why flattery helps you establish better relationships with others. 恭维之所以奏效，最根本的原因是恭维符合了人类行为的一个基本原则：人们渴望得到赏识。 The root cause of the

28、 power of flattery gets at(达到) a basic principle of human behavior： People crave being appreciated. Power of flattery lies in the fact that it fulfils a basic principle of human behavior:Key to Exercises 尽管文化背景各不相同，但绝大多数人都有类似的想法。 The vast majority of people are of the similar idea despite different

29、cultures. Most people, though from different cultural backgrounds, share similar thoughts. Key to Exercises 在亚洲文化中，人们对群体赏识的渴求一般要强于对个体赏识的渴求。但不管怎样，人们渴望赏识是普遍存在的。 In Asian cultures the desire for group recognition is generally stronger than the desire for individual recognition. Nevertheless, the need f

30、or recognition is present/universal.Key to Exercises 很多人认为，工作本身带来的乐趣要比外界赏识包括恭维更为重要。 Many people hold that the joy of work itself is more important than external recognition, including flattery. Key to Exercises 工作的乐趣也许是一种巨大的动力，但是即使是那些从工作中得到极大乐趣的人如科学家、艺术家、摄影师也渴望得到恭维和认可，否则他们就不会去竞争诺贝尔奖或在重要的展览会上展示他们的作品了

31、。 The joy of work may be a powerful motivator, but even those who get the biggest joy from their work such as scientists, artists, and photographers crave flattery and recognition. Otherwise they wouldnt compete for Nobel Prizes or enter their work in important exhibitions.Key to Exercises 恭维之所以奏效，还因为它与人们对认可的正常需要有关。 Another reason flattery is so effective relates to the normal need to be recognized (of people).Key to Exercises 尽管有一些关于恭维