八年级英语上 Unit12综合复习.docx

1、八年级英语上 Unit12综合复习 教育学科教师辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：初二 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课类型T U1U2词汇梳理C U1U2语法梳理T 能力提高授课日期及时段教学内容 一、同步知识梳理 Think about how many things you are interested in, and from which book you can find the whole information about them?标注：由学员感兴趣的话题，及从哪本书中能找到关于这一切的信息来对百科全书及数词进行引入。知识点1：U1词汇1. inventor

2、 n. 发明家 _ v. 发明家 _ n. 发明 Keys: invent; invention2. music _ n. 音乐家Keys: musician3. include v. 包括，包含 _prep. 包含，包括Keys: including4. Sudden adj. “突然的，意外的” _ adv. 突然地Keys: suddenly5. science n. 科学 _ n. 科学家 _ adj.科学的Keys: scientist; scientific6. ability n.能力 able adj. _ disabled adj. _ Keys: 能够; 残疾的7. int

3、elligence n. 才智、智慧 intelligent adj _.Keys: 聪明的8. die v.死亡 _ (过去式/过去分词) _ n.死亡_ adj. 死的 _ adj.快死的Keys: died; death；dead; death 知识点2：U1短语1. die out 意为“灭绝；消失”= disappear 2. since then意为“从那时起 ”= from then on 3. go for a walk意为“ 散步”= take a walk= walk4. millions of意为“数百万.；大量 ” = a lot of/ lots of5. learn

4、 about意为“了解、学习 ”= get to know= know about6. be made up of意为“由.做成/组成 ”= consist of 7. used to do意为“过去常常. ”= did.often 8. a type of意为“一种” = a kind of/ a sort of 9. a number of意为“一些” = some/many / lots of 10.at the top of意为“在.的顶端” = at the high peak of 拓： at top of the world= every happy 非常开心11. sudden

5、ly 意为“突然”= quickly and without warning = happen unexpectedly12. realize意为“意识到”= understand知识点3：U2词汇1. Italy n. 意大利 _n 意大利人Keys：Italian2. realize v. 意识到、实现 _ (过去式/过去分词) _ (现在分词)Keys：realized；realizing3. correctly adv.正确的_ adj. 正确的 _ v. 更正_ n.更正Keys：correct；correct；correction4. accident _ adj. 事故、意外 _

6、 accident 意外地、偶然地=by chanceKeys：accidental；by 5. instructions n. 指示、命令 _ v. 指示、命令 _ n.指导者Keys：instruct; instructor6. wise adj. 聪明的、智慧的 _ n.智慧Keys：wisdom7. promise v.承诺 = _ _ _ _ n. 承诺 Keys：make a promise；promise8. _ adj.双的、双人用的；v. 使加倍、重复、使对折Keys：double9. reply v. n.回复答复 reply_ 回复=answer Keys：to知识点4：

7、U2短语1. a number of意为“许多、大量”= many= a lot of= lots of2. amount意为“量、数量” amount of = a quantity of 修饰不可数名词3. a long time ago意为“很久以前 ”4. one grain of rice意为“一粒米” a grain of= a litte/bit 一点点5. and so on意为“等等、诸于此类”= 6. make money意为“挣钱”= earn money7. from then on意为“ 从此”= since then 8. not . any more意为“不再.”

8、=not.any more=not.any longer =no longer9. take place意为“发生”= happen 10. in this way意为“用这种方式，就这样 ”= by / through this (way)11. instead of意为“代替”= in the place of = rather than=but12. finally意为“最终”=in the end=at last 13. the rest of 意为“剩余的，其余的”=the remainder of 14. more than意为“多余、超过”=over 二、同步例题分析1 单项选择

9、例1：( )There are more than 5,000 students in the school. A. less than B. over C. just D. more or less 解析：B. more than 和over同义短语的考察。Less than少于；more or less 或多或少；just仅仅；例2：( ) The rest of the apples are Mrs Blacks. A. The remainder of B. The best of C. Some of D. All of解析：A. 表示“剩余的.”同义短语考察。The best of

10、最好的；Some of其中一些；All of所有的。例3：( ) Finally, we reacged the top of the mountain and enjoyed the amazing view of the whole city. A. one day B. At that time C. At last D. Just now解析：C. 考察表示“最终，最后”的同义短语；one day 表“有一天”； At that time在那时；Just now刚刚。例4：( ) Chinese people prefer to use chopsticks instead of kn

11、ives and forks. A. and also B. but not C. as well as D. or解析：B. but not和instead of都表“而不是”。例5：( ) He was unaware of our coming.A. knew B. realized C. didnt realize D. not know解析：C. be unaware of与 dont realize均表示“没有意识到”。2. 词形转换例1：Jim is from an_ (Italy) village.解析：Italian. 该题中冠词an与名词village之间缺少的是一个形容词

12、成分，所以“Italy”变成其形容词Italian.例2：Edison is a famous_ (invent) from America.解析：inventor. 题中a +adj 后需要一个名词构成完整的名词短语表示“爱迪生是一个有名的发明家 ”，invent需要变成inventor。例3：Do you know why dinosaurs all_ (die) out?解析：died. 根据题意why引导的从句作为know的宾语从句，需要一个谓语动词表 “恐龙已灭绝”。例4：Then, _ (sudden), the bridge broke.解析：suddenly. 其中独立的部分需

13、要一个副词的成分，表“突然”。三、课堂达标检测检测题1：单项选择题( )1. He firmly realized his mistake. A. achieved B. got to know C. told D. said( )2. Listen to the teacher carefully and copy down the Math problems on the blackboard. A. look down B. come down C. write down D. break down( )3. The rest of the apples are Mrs Blacks.

14、A. The remainder of B. The best of C. Some of D. All of( )4. It is wise of you to walk on the muddy(泥泞的)road with a stick. A. cleaver B. foolish C. rude D. careful( )5. This book includes six units. A. has B. invents C. paints D. takes ( )6. There is nobody in the classroom. A. anyone B. nothing C.

15、no one C. anybody( )7. The dog barked at the man suddenly. A. loudly B. excitedly C. interestedly D. quickly and surprisingly ( )8. Im sorry. I cant reply your question. A. hear B. answer C. ask D. agreeKeys: BCAAA CDB检测题2： 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空1. The man always does things according to his bosss_(instruc

16、t).2. My little brother showed great _(intelligent)when ge was only three. 3. We all know that Mozart was a great_ (music).4. Little Tom said that he wanted to be a_ (science) in the future.5. This is the most_ (interest) story that l have ever heard.6. The picture on this screen is a good_ (art) wo

17、rk.7. The band played many songs, _(include) some of my favourites. 8. You must be careful and spell each word_(correct)9. I need you to_ (collection) the books and put them on my desk.10. _(million) of people lost their homes in the earthquake. Keys:1-5 instructions; intelligence; musician; scentis

18、t; interesting;6-10 artist; including; correctly; collect; Millions;1、专题精讲 知识点1：some，any一般用法some，any可与单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。some -般用于肯定句中，译为“一些”；any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。如：I have some story books.我有一些故事书。There is some milk in the glass.杯子里有一些牛奶。I havent any money.(=I have no money.) Do you have any?我一分钱都没有了，你

19、有（钱）吗？You can ask me if you have any questions.= You can ask me if you have some questions.你有任何问题，都可以问我。（条件句）提醒：1. 在条件句中，用any、some都可以。如：There arent any oranges on the table.= There are no oranges on the table桌子上没有橘子。I dont want any of you to get lost.我不想让你们任何一个人走丢。2. not-any=no-，any在否定句、疑问句中不必译出来。例题

20、1：I asked him for some oil, but he hadnt _. 解析：any. 根据句子结构和含义，否定句中常用any，表“什么都没有”。例题2：My pen pal will come to Beijing and he will spend _ time here.解析：some. 肯定句中常用some，表示一些。知识点2 ：some，any的特殊用法1在疑问句中一般不用some，只有当问句表示一种邀请或者请求，或期待一个肯定的回答时，才能用some如：Will you have some coffee?你喝咖啡吗？（表示邀请）Would you like some

21、 coffee?你还要一些咖啡吗？（表示邀请）2在否定句中，some表示部分否定，any表示全部否定。如：He doesnt know some of you.他只认识你们中的部分人。（他不全认识你们）3some用于单词可数名词前时，表示“某个”，而不是“一些”。如：This morning some girl asked for you.今天早上，有个女孩要求见你。There must be some reason for what shes done她干这些事，肯定有某种原因。例题1：( )Would you like _ tea?解析：some. 该语境中表达邀请和期望得到肯定的回答，所

22、以用some。例题2：( )Which is a country，Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing解析：A；日本和澳大利亚都是发达国家用developed,而且是两者比较。所以用比较级.例题3：( )Its summer now? the weather is getting . A. higher and higher B. lower and lower C. hotter and hotter D. colder and colder解

23、析：C；“比较级+ and +比较级”表示“越来越”。夏天天气越来越热，故选C。例题4：（ ）Lets buy some cards for our teachers on Teachers Day. Why not make some by hand? Its much . A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting D. much interesting解析： B；由语境可知对方认为手工做一些卡片比买的更有趣的是两者的比较，因此用比较级。知识点3:复合不定代词1. 复合不定代词由some、any、no、every分别

24、与one、thing、body组合而成。具体如下表： -one -thing -body some- someone something somebody any- anyone anything anybody every- everyone everything everybody no- no one nothing nobody2. somebody，anybody，nobody, etc.的基本用法此类词为复合不定代词，由some、any、no与body组合而成。1）-般情况下，由some构成的复合不定代词，用在肯定句中；由any构成的复合不定代词，用在疑问句或否定句中；由no构成的

25、复合不定代词，表示否定意思。如：Youd better ask somebody to help you.你最好请个人帮你。I didnt see anybody there.我在那没见到任何人。Theres nobody in the classroom教室里没人。2）复合代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Somebody is knocking at the door.有人敲门。3）当复合不定代词被形容词或else修饰时，复合不定代词总是位于修饰词之前。如：Theres nobody interesting in the room房间里没有有趣的人。例题1：Would you like _

26、to drink?解析：something. 用在表达邀请的句中，用something表示一些东西，做宾语。例题2：Is there _ wrong with the machine?解析: anything. 一般疑问句中常用any构成的复合不定代词，在句中作there be句型的主语。例题3：I want to tell you _.that happened this morning.解析:something. 肯定句中用some构成的复合形容词做宾语。知识点4:.基数词的用法1时刻的表示 1). “几点钟”用整数加oclock. oclock可省略。 如：6点钟six (oclock)

27、 12点钟twelve (oclock) 2).“几点过几分”，s 30分钟用介词“past。 如：9:10 ten past nine 9:15 fifteen(a quarter) past nine 9:30 half past nine 3).“差几分”到几点用介词“to。 如：9:40 twenty to ten 9:45 fifteen(a quarter) to ten2年月日的表示 1).年份用基数词。如：2011年twenty eleven 2000年twenty hundred或two thousand 2005年twenty zero/0 five或two thousan

28、d and five2).年用基数词，日用序数词。 如：2010年7月1日July the first，twenty and ten或the first of July, twenty and ten 3世纪、年代表示 如：（在）90年代(in) the nineties（在）19世纪(in) the nineteenth century （在）20世纪40年代( in) the 1940s或1940s4百分数的表示 6% six percent 0.2% zero point two percent 78.3% seventy-eight point three percent5加减乘除的表

29、示 如：4+3=7 four and three is seven或four plus three is seven 9 -3=6 nine minus three is six 54= 20 five times four is twenty或five multiplied by four is twenty 126=2twelve divided by six is two6表示顺序。基数词表示顺序时，由“单数名词+基数词”构成，此时名词和基数词的第一个字母通常都大写。 如：Class Four四班 Room 1818 1818号房间 Lesson Three第三课 Page 118第118页 No.5 Middle School第五中学7确数与概数的表达。英语中表示确数的方法为“基数词+计数单位的单数(hundred，thousand，million，billion)+名词复数”；表示概数的方法为“计数单位的复数(hundreds，thousands，mil