主谓一致和倒装句.docx

1、主谓一致和倒装句主谓一致和倒装句 主谓一致一 就近原则：在 not onlybut also, notbut , neithernor , eitheror , there be 句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。例： 1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project. 2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager. 二 集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数；指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team,

2、 group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。例： 1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment . 2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .三 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides

3、, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例： 1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week. 2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成

4、的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。例： 1.Each of the girls is fond of pop music in her class. 2.Someone is expecting you at the school gate .但 none 做主语时谓语用单复数都行。例： None of them are / is interested in local music.另外：当 every, each, no 做定语时，即使用and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数。例： 1.Each student is preparing for the final examination no

5、w. 2.Every boy and every girl is proud of the result of the experiment. 3.No teacher and no student is admitted to enter the place . 4.They each have an English dictionary .(此句中each 做同位语，谓语由主语they确定) 五.当主语表示时间，重量，距离，价格时，谓语动词用单数。例： 1.Five hundred dollars is quite enough for the return voyage (返航)。 2.

6、Seven kilometers was covered in two hours .但算式做主语时，谓语用单数，复数都可以。例： 1.Four times five is / are twenty. ( Four times five make /makes twenty .)六 当主语是一个从句，不定式或动名词时，谓语一般用单数。但由 and 连接两个不定式或动名词时，动词则用复数，表示不同的两件事。例： 1.whether he succeeds or fails doesnt concern me . (他成功或失败与我无关) 2.Swimming in the Yangtze Riv

7、er needs great courage. 3.To say something is one thing, to do it is another. 4.To play basketball and to go swimming are of great use for character-training.另外：当 what, all (that) 或such 引导的句子做主语时，谓语用单数或复数应看后面的表语来确定.例： 1.What he wants is some advice on how to learn English, while what he looks forwar

8、d to are some English dictionaries. 2.All that they ask for are vegetables, fruits , quilts and clothes . 3.Such are the things I often do in a day. 4.Such is my best friend Mary.七.当一个复数名词用做书名，人名，学科名或报刊名时，谓语用单数。例： 1.Guilivers Travels is a novel written by Jonathan Swift .（ 格列佛游记 ） 2.The Times is a v

9、ery helpful newspaper for our studies . （泰晤士报）八.定语从句的关系代词在从句中充当主语时，从句的谓语应与先行词保持一致。例： 1.She is the only one of the students who has passed the examination. 2.They told us something about the houses which were built in the 1540s / 1540s.九.在强调句中，强调主语时，后面的动词还是由被强调的主语来确定。例： 1.I am in the search for my mi

10、ssing gold ring .其强调句为： It is I who am in the search for my missing gold ring .十.几种较为特殊的主语与谓语的一致。A. 当and 与 bothand 连接两个主语时，一般用复数的谓语。但如果由and并列的两个主语是指同一人时，此时后面一个主语没有冠词，其谓语用单数，表示一 个人具有双重身份。若后一个名词前有冠词，则表示两个人，谓语则用复数。例： 1.The teacher and writer is giving the boys a very wonderful lecture . 2.The teacher a

11、nd the singer are talking in the hall.B. the +形容词 / 分词 做主语表一类人时，谓语一般用复数；但 the rest 要看它代表的东西来确定。例： 1.The wounded are being done first aid beside the road now . 2.She has taken some of the vegetables. The rest are still on the table . 3.He has eaten up some of the cheese . The rest has gone bad . 4.Th

12、e rest of the story was wonderfully moving and I was moved to tears C many 修饰主语时，谓语用复数。但 many a , more than one +单数名词（意为不只一个），虽说具有复数意义，但谓语仍用单数。例： 1.Many students have made that mistake before . 2.Many a student has made that mistake before . 3.More than one student has made that mistake before .D. 当

13、trousers, shoes, glasses, clothes, socks, gloves等由两个部分构成的物品做主语时， 谓语一般用复数。但若与 a pair of, a kind of 等连用时，谓语用单数。例： 1.His trousers are torn into pieces in the bike accident . 2.This pair of trousers belongs to my sister . Mine are being washed .* 由more than one 修饰单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数* the number of复数名词作主语时

14、，谓语用单数。a number of复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。* More 复数名词 than one 和 more than one 单数名词的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。又如：More students than one were punished.More than one student was punished* all, most, half, rest等词作主语时，所指的是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；反之，用单数形式。如：All of us are eager to leave now.Half of the water has been d

15、runk.* the+ 形容词表示一类人，如the blind, the deaf, the living(生者)，the dead, the rich, the poor, the young, the old等，谓语动词用复数主谓一致专练 1-_ either he or I proud of the job ? -Neither he nor you _.A. Am, are B. Is, are C. Are, are D. Am, is2. A knife and fork _ lying on the floor .A. was seen B. were seen C. see D

16、. sees 3.The factory, including its equipments and buildings ,_burnt last night .A. is B. are C. was D. were4 .I, who _ your close friend, will share your joys and sorrows ( 悲伤).A. was B. are C. is D. am5. Over 70 percent of the population in this province _ farmers .A. is B. are C. has D. have 6. S

17、ome person _asking for you at the entrance to the cinema .A. will be B. is being C. is D. are 7.The rest of the novel _ very wonderful and instructive .A. were B. are C. is D. seem8.Every means _ tried, but there is no absolute result yet.A. have been B. has been C. will be D. were 9.What I want _ a

18、n interesting book while what he expects _ two cups of coffee .A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are10.A teacher, together with four students, _ sent to help with this research the next week .A. was B. has C. were D. are11.He lost one of the books which _borrowed from the library yesterday.A.

19、were B. was C. had D. have12.Jack,as well as his relatives and friends, _a party at home now.A. are having B. is have C. is holding D. are holding13.The 26th Olympic Games _ held successfully .A. is B. will be C. are D. were14.All but the one that asked for leave yesterday _ here just now.A. is B. w

20、as C. has been D. were15.On each side of the road _ a lot of tall trees .A. stands B. is standing C. grow D. is growing16.Three hours with your old friends_ to be a short time .A. seem B. seems C. is seeming D. has seemed17.When and where to build the new first aid center _ yet.A. hasnt been decided

21、 B. doesnt decidedC. havent been decided D. arent decided18.The United Nations _ in 1959 .A. were found B. were founded C. was found D. was founded 19.Each teacher and each scientist _ invited to take part in the conference.A. are B. was C. has D. were 20.One and a half apples _ left on the table .

22、A. are B. is C. has D. have十二。倒装句种类倒装条件例句完全倒装here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调Out rushed the children.表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.部分倒装never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not unti

23、l, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首Hardly did I know what had happened.only和修饰的状语放于句首Only then did he realized the importance of English.not onlybut also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.neithernor连接并列的句子，前后都倒装Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.sothat, suchthat中的so或su

24、ch及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒So busy is he that he can not go on a holiday.as引导的让步状语Child as he is, he has learned a lot.so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事。He can play the piano. So can i.用于表示祝愿的祈使句中May you be in good health!省略if的虚拟条件Were I you, I would not do it in this way.从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. His mo

25、ther had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV,but . A. a little did he hear B. little did he hearC. little heard he D. a little heard he2. Hello,Zhu Hua. Ill have to return to Canada because Ive worked here for a year. !A. What tim?flies B. How time fliesC. What does time fly D. H

26、ow does time fly3. During the war, but also he lost his wife and his child. A. not was his job in the lab taken away B. not only was his job in the lab taken awayC. not merely his job in the lab was taken awayD. not just was taken away his job in the lab4. We have to stop talking here outside. Liste

27、n,! Hurry up, or well be late. A. There goes the bell B. There does the bell goC. There the bell goes D. Goes the bell there5. I think this is the first time that we have met. anywhere. A. Before have we never seen each other B. Never before we have seen each otherC. Each other have we seen never be

28、fore D. Never before have we seen each other6. ! You should take this chance to attend it. A. How important conference is it B. How an important conference it isC. What an important conference is it D. What an important conference it is7. She didnt come to the party last Sunday. ,she must have made

29、the party more exciting. A. If she came B. Would she comeC. Had she come D. Did she come8. They finally managed to climb to the top,but then. A. went the children down the hill B. down the hill did the children goC. down the hill went the childrenD. down the hill the children went9. I received his m

30、others telephone call at eleven. that he was badly hurt in an accident yesterday. A. Then did I know B. Only then I knewC. Only then did I know D. Only then knew I10. What sport do you like best? Springboard diving(跳板跳水). to dive into water from high board!A. What a fun is it B. How fun it isC. How

31、a fun is it D. What fun it is11. The old man wouldnt stay at home for a rest even if it rained. . He would feel sick if he stayed home for one day. A. So would my grandpa B. So wouldnt my grandpaC. Neither would my grandpa D. Nor wouldnt my grandpa12. for us to surf(冲浪) on the sea in summer!A. What exciting is it B. How exciting is itC. What exciting it is D. How exciting it is13. By no means to our plan