高考英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧高考英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Robots make me nervousespecially the ones which seem to think for themselves. I was embarrassed to admit this till I heard that Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, felt the same way. Gates said in an interview with the social networking and news

2、website Reddit: I am in the camp that is concerned about super intelligence. First the machines will do a lot of jobs for us and not be super intelligentThat should be positive if we manage well. A few decades after that, though, the intelligence is strong enough to be a concern. Well, maybe I dont

3、have to worry about my computer and kitchen equipment yet. After I use them I can always pull the plug. But in the future, machines might find a way to prevent us from switching them off. Theres a terrible thought! Maybe the problem with computers too clever for us is not that they are evil like som

4、e weve seen in sci-fi movies. What could put us in danger is that they might be too efficient. Thats what philosopher Nick Bostrom from Oxford University believes. He says that machines are indifferent to humans and in pursuit of their own goals，the destruction of people might be just additional dam

5、age. Bostrom gives us an example: A machine which might have its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you. Because it is, well, a machine, it would not take pity on you. Its a good thing that American writer Isaa

6、c Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics. They state that a robot may not hurt a human being or allow the human being to come to harm. Im glad my machines at home are dumb. All my cleaner wants to take over is the carpet in my living room. Lets hope they d

7、ont create an appliance which wants to take over the world!（1）The author quoted Bill Gates words in Paragraph 2 in order to make the text_. A.better-knownB.more persuasiveC.better-organizedD.more interesting（2）An intelligent paperclip machine would harm us because _. A.it is much cleverer than usB.i

8、t would take over the worldC.it has the strong feeling of destroying usD.it would see us just as material（3）How does the author feel about Isaac Asimovs rules of robotics? A.OptimisticB.WorriedC.DisappointedD.Regretful（4）What does the text mainly focus on? A.The benefits of future robots.B.The new a

9、pplications of robots.C.The concern for super intelligence.D.The popularity of robots in the future.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能机器人可能给人类带来伤害以及美国作家IsaacAsimov为此制定了三条机器人规则，作者旨在引起人们对智能机器人的关注。（1）考查推理判断。因为比尔盖茨是一个名人，他的观点更有说服力，所以作者才会引用他说的话，让别人更加相信他的观点。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“A machine which mi

10、ght have its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you.”可知智能的paperclip machine会把人类当成是加工材料而伤害人类。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Its a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left

11、us his three rules of robotics.”可知作者认为Isaac Asimov所制定的机器人规则是好事情，说明他对此持乐观的态度。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。根据主题段第一段可知人们对于人工智能，尤其是机器人的迅速发展持有谨慎的态度，认为人工智能的过快发展会影响到人类的未来。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Three boys were enjoying themselves in their h

12、ometown of Bovina, Mississippi .However, their lives were turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (齿乳象). Brothers Shawn and Caid Sellers and cousin Michael Mahalitc found the prehistoric bone in a piece of earth that was recently plowed (犁、耕).I thought it was a log, Caid sa

13、id. I tried to pick it up and it was really heavy and I saw teeth on it. The bone weighed about 50 pounds. They eventually got the bone to their home and fitted it in their tub (浴盆), but it took their collective strength, might and a golf cart, to carry the large Mastodon bone. They didnt expect to

14、find that, Michaels mom said. Now that they have, I believe that they will be more aware of their surroundings and what theyre digging up when they are digging and playing. Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics from the area and thats what I thought it was, the brothers moth

15、er said. This is our first set of teeth weve found. So we thought it was their imagination. We were quite surprised to see that it was not their imagination. They were exploring near the brothers home. Lo and behold (真想不到), they saw what they thought resembled a fossil. It was the curator of paleont

16、ology (古生物负责人) of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George Phillips, who first identified the bone as a very mature individual. The Mastodon was a mammal who lived during the prehistoric times. They had long tusks and trunks, like elephants. They were clearly different from their modern-day

17、 counterparts, as well as woolly mammoths (猛犸).（1）How did they find the jawbone of a Mastodon? A.With great efforts.B.By chance.C.Instructed by an expert.D.Through imagination.（2）At first the brothers mother thought the jawbone was . A.from people who died in the Civil WarB.the bone from a very matu

18、re individualC.like a log or somethingD.the prehistoric bone（3）The discovery of the jawbone of a Mastodon is important mainly because it . A.helps people to know more about the Civil WarB.teaches kids to be more aware of their surroundingsC.promotes the research on more prehistoric creaturesD.attrac

19、ts the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the article? A.Prehistoric Bones Recently Found in MississippiB.Not Petrified Wood Nor Civil War RelicsC.First Identifying Bone as a Very Mature IndividualD.Unexpectedly Discovering Mastodon Jawbone【答案】（1

20、）B（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，美国密西西比的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了齿乳象的颚骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前生物的遗骸，所发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有较强的促进作用。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi .However, their lives were turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (齿乳象).”可知他们

21、是在玩耍的时候无意中发现齿乳象的颚骨的。故选B。（2）考查判断推理。根据第四段中的“Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics from the area and thats what I thought it was”可知之前他们曾经发现过一些石化的木材以及内战时的遗物，所以他的母亲认为这次他们发现的还是内战里死亡的人的遗物。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“ It was the curator of paleontology (古生物负责人) of the Mississippi Museum

22、 of Natural Science, George Phillips, who first identified the bone as a very mature individual.”“可知齿乳象的颚骨的发现可以促进对史前生物的研究。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。本文是一篇记叙文，美国密西西比的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了史前巨物齿乳象的颚骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前生物的遗骸，所发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有较强的促进作用。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，

23、推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 In the future those who are taking care of old people may get help from the house itself. Over the last few years, new technology, such as the Internet, Wi-Fi and flat TV screens, has changed our homes and the way that we live. Now, another technology revolution is happening.

24、 A new project at the University of Hertfordshire wants to create a home that monitors people living in it who are elderly. The researchers have developed a wristband device（装置）which helps us to watch the elderly person who is wearing it. The device collects information to see if the person has fall

25、en or has wandered away from where he or she should be. The assisted-living project is part of the universitys wider Interhome project, which is the development of a smart house. The house remembers the habits of the person who lives there and it uses very low amounts of energy. The Interhome team h

26、ope that offering this service will help take care of the elderly. They say, Its very important that these technologies are there to help and support and not replace any of the existing services. The Interhome is not just a research method. Its also a way for students from different scientific backg

27、rounds to learn and develop technology. The university uses the latest technology to help students get experience by developing new hardware and software themselves. The team includes design, engineering and computer science students working together. We are working on a smart-home project in Watfor

28、d with some companies at the moment, says the project leader. We are looking at how a smart home can provide even more services. This could help millions of old people around the world have a better and safer life in the future.（1）The wristband device benefits its users by . A.changing the living ha

29、bits of the elderlyB.monitoring people who live in a smart homeC.offering information to the person wearing itD.watching over the elderly who may fall or get lost（2）Whom does the University of Hertfordshire have in its research team? A.Students who want to find a job eagerly.B.Students who prefer to

30、 work on their own.C.Students from different scientific backgrounds.D.Students with a lot of rich working experience.（3）What is the project leaders attitude towards the future of the smart home project? A.Uncertain.B.Uninterested.C.Optimistic.D.Disappointed.（4）What might be the main idea of the passage? A.A wristband device has changed the way that we live.B.A smart home helps students develop hardware and software.C.An Interhome project has been put into use to help the elderly.D.An Inte