有关民俗类词汇总结.docx

1、有关民俗类词汇总结有关民俗类词汇总结壁画mural国画 Chinese traditional painting水墨画 ink and wash painting绢画 silk painting木刻画 wood engraving版画 engraving贝雕画 shell carving painting年画 new year picture2.陶器类陶器pottery ware玉器 jade article瓷器 china ware青瓷 celadon青铜器 bronze warexxcloisonn e enamel漆器 lacquer ware彩陶 pain ted pottery唐三彩

2、 trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty3.雕刻类冰雕ice carvingxxjade carv ing石雕 stone carving骨雕 bones carving xxshell carving 木雕 wood carving 根雕 tree root carving 瓷器雕 porcelain carving xx 雕 ivory carving4.塑像类彩塑 painted sculpture 画塑 dough figurine 泥人儿 clay figure5.扇类绢扇 silk fan 檀香扇 sandal wood fa

3、n 折扇 folding fan6.xx 类珍珠 pearl 玛瑙 agate 珊瑚 coral 翡翠 green jade xxjade7.工艺类刺绣 embroidery 双面秀 two-sided embroidery 挂毯 tapestry蜡染 batik藤条制品 wickerwork真丝 pure silkxxcigarette holder鼻烟壶 snuff bottle图章 seal盆景 potted landscape屏风 screen二，民俗词汇轿子 sedans风车 pinwheel杂技 acrobatics魔术 magic拨浪鼓 shakingdrum 竹苗 bamboo

4、flute 皮影 shadowpuppet 糖人 sugar-molded 高跷 stilt walk 武术 martial arts 人力车 rickshaw 宫灯 palace lantern 猜拳 finger-guestory-telling 老字号 time-honored 相声 cross talk三，传统节日词汇拜年 pay a new year call爆竹 firecracker 鞭炮 a string of small fire crackers大 灯谜 Ian tern riddles 庙会 temple fair 年画 new year s pictur挂 年画 to

5、hang ou 夜 饭 family reunion dinner on lunar new year 守岁 to stay awake all ni ght 年糕 glut in 年初一 the first day of the first lunar mon th 丿八宝饭 eight-treasure rice puddi ng 对联 putupantitheticalcouplets 糊窗花 toputupwindowpaper-cuts 压岁钱 moneygiventochgift四，京剧相关词汇地方戏：local opera 戏剧脸谱 theatrical mask 生 male

6、characters 旦 female characters 末 middle-aged male characters 丑 clown五，XX古代四大发明武术 martial arts 气功 Qigong 打擂台 to fight a challenge fight in an arena 听 评书 or traditional stories 下象棋 to play Chinese chesS练习书法 to make special studies 画国画 to do traditi onal Chin ese painting 题诗 to in scribe a poem 求对 to m

7、atch a 宵节 the Lantern Festival 端午节 the Drag on-Boat Festiva I 中秋节 the Midautumn Day 荔西瓜节 the Water Melon Festival 风筝节 the1 八卦 trigram八正道 Eightfold Path本命年 this animal year of sb.冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on 禅 dhyana; dhgaya禅宗 Zen Buddhism道 Dao(cf.

8、 logo)道 Daoism(Taoism)道 Daosim, the way and its power端午节 Dragon Boat Festival功夫 kungfu；kung fu还愿 redeem a wish (vows)XXSpring begins.雨水 The rains.惊蛰 Insects awaken. 春分 Vernal Equinox 清明 Clear and bright. xxGrain rain. xxSummer begins. xxGrain buds. 芒种 Grain in ear. 夏至 Summer solstice. 小暑 Slight heat

9、. 大暑 Great heat. xxAutumn begins. 处暑 Stopping the heat. xxWhite dews. 秋分 Autumn Equinox. 寒露 Cold dews. 霜降 Hoar-frost falls. 立冬 Winter begins. 小雪 Light snow. 大雪 Heavy snow. 冬至 Winter Solstice.小寒 Slight cold.大寒 Great cold江湖(世界) the jianghu World(the traits w)orld矫情 use lame arguments叫板 challenge; pick

10、 a quarrel借调 temporarily transfer噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt开放 kaifang( Chinese openness to the outside world) xxConfucius叩头 kowtow牌楼 pailou；pai-loo泼水节 Water-Splashing Day儒学 Confucianism三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 threecardinal guides: ruler guides subject,fatherwife伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wou

11、nded 上火 excessive internal heat世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia双喜 double happ in ess中),a doubled stroke of luck英)四谛 Four Noble Truth四化 Four Modernizations无我 anatman五常：仁、义、理、智、信 fiveconstantvirtues:benevolence(humanity),righteousness,prop 五讲 (讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、 讲秩序、讲道德 )：theFiveMeritsfocusondecorum,mannersmorals

12、五行说 Theory of Five Elements武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)相声 cross-talk小品 witty skits孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son虚无 nothingness宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one s old age夜猫子 night people; night-owls阴、 xxyin, yang姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage )治贝S兴，舌L贝“衰

13、Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline中禾口 harmony (zhonghe)中庸 the way of medium(cf. Golden Means)终生职业 job-for-life坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofuxxrice noodle

14、s冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd 节日名 Greeting season春节 The Spring Festival农历 lunar calendar正月 lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar除夕 New Years Eve; eve of lunar New Year初一 the beginning

15、of New Year元宵节 The Lantern Festival习俗 Customs过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival对联 poetic couplet:two successive rhyming lines in poetry春联 Spring Festival couplets剪纸 paper-cuts年画 New Year paintings买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping 酒 propose a toast灯笼 lante

16、rn:a portable light烟花 fireworks爆竹 firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop舞 狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck舞龙 drag on dance (to expect good weather and good harvests戏曲 traditi onal opera杂耍 variety show; vaudeville灯谜 rid

17、dles written on lanterns灯会 exhibit of lanterns守岁 staying-up轿子 sedans风车 pinwheel杂技 acrobatics魔术 magic拨浪鼓 shaking drum竹苗 bamboo flute皮影 shadow puppet糖人 sugar-molded四合院 courtyard homes踩高跷 stilt walk武术 martial arts人力车 rickshaw宫灯 palace lantern乂七七、/A r- 猜拳 finger-guessing game说书 monologue story-telling老字

18、号 time-honored相声 cross talk拜年 pay New Y ears call; give New Y ears greet in gs; New Y ears vi禁忌 taboo去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to ones ancestors压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year giftCulture Note:In the old days, New Years money was given in the for

19、m of one hundred coponaredstringandsymbolizedthehopethatonewouldlivetobeahundredyearsold.Todr ed envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year扫房 spring cleaning; general house-cleaningxxBlessings金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home生意兴隆 Busi

20、ness flourishes岁岁平安 Peace all year round恭喜发财 Wishing you prosperity和气生财 Harmony brings wealth吉祥如意 Everything goes well国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace招财进宝 Money and treasures will be plentiful一帆风顺 Wishing you every success步步高升 Promoting to a higher position出入平安 Safe trip wherever

21、 you go年糕 Nian-gao; rise cake; New Year cake团圆饭 family reunion dinner年夜饭 the dinner on New Years Eve饺子 Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli汤圆 Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with eithe 糖果盘 candy tray什锦糖 assorted candies - sweet and fortune蜜冬瓜 candied winter melon - growth and good health金桔 cumquat - prosperity糖藕 candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship红枣 red dates - prosperity花生糖 peanut candy - sweet