湖南省长郡中学学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题.docx

1、湖南省长郡中学学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题湖南省长郡中学2020-2021学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读选择 Albert Hofmann was a Swiss scientist who was fascinated by nature. This led him to a career in chemistry in which he sought answers to his uncertainties. He worked at Sandoz Laboratories where he nurtured his research work,

2、and there he made a lot of success by working with various plants and changing them into something useful. He became famous when he became the first person to produce lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)( 迷幻药). In addition, he was also the first person to taste it and learn about its hallucinogenic(引起幻觉

3、的)effects. He was deeply connected to nature and argued that LSD, besides being useful for psychiatry (精神病学), could also be used to promote awareness of mankinds place in nature. However, he was disappointed that his discovery was being carelessly used as a drug for entertainment. Because of his dis

4、covery, LSD fans have fondly called him “the Father of LSD”. Besides carrying out his scientific experiments, he also authored numerous books and more than 100 scientific articles. In 2007, he featured in a list of the 100 greatest living geniuses, published by The Telegraph Newspaper.Childhood & Ea

5、rly lifeAlbert Hofmann was born in Baden, Switzerland, on January 11, 1906. He was the eldest of four children. His father was a poor toolmaker in a factory and they lived in a rented apartment. He spent much of his childhood outdoors and grew up with a deep connection with nature.He had mind-blowin

6、g experiences in childhood. During his growth, nature was changed in magical ways that he didnt understand. These experiences caused questions in his mind, and chemistry was the scientific field which allowed him to understand them.He studied chemistry at Zurich University, and his main interest was

7、 the chemistry of plants and animals. At 23, he earned his PhD with honors.1What led Albert Hofmann to a career in chemistry?AHis fans.BHis father.CHis family.DHis interest.2From the passage, we know .ALSD was being wrongly usedBLSD was not useful for psychiatryCthis discovery of LSD made Albert Hof

8、mann surprisedDthis discovery of LSD could change mankinds place in nature3Which can be inferred about Albert Hofmann from the passage?AHe has four brothers or sisters.BHe has found many useful plants.CHe earned his PhD in 1929.DHe only concentrated on scientific experiments. Close your eyes for a m

9、inute and imagine what life would be like if you couldnt see. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your fingers. How do you feel, then?With medical knowledge and skills today, two-thirds of the worlds 42million blind people should not have to suffer. Unluckily, rich countrie

10、s have this knowledge, but developing countries do not.ORBIS is an international charitable (慈善的) organization. Its goal is to help fight blindness all over the world. Inside a DC-8 airplane, there is a teaching hospital with a television room and a classroom. Doctors are taught the latest technolog

11、y of helping the blind get sight again here. ORBIS is always trying to keep a closer relation among countries.ORBIS helps those developing countries by providing sight-saving training. It has taught over 35,000 doctors and nurses. They continue to treat thousands of blind people every year. They hav

12、e traveled around the earth 3 times, visited 76 countries and treated over 20, 000 blind people. They need your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.For just $ 38, you can help one person see; for $ 380, 10 people can see; $ 1,300 helps train a doctor new skills; and for $ 13,

13、000 you can provide a training program for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again. Your love can help them open their eyes to the world.4How many blind people should not have to suffer with medical knowledge and skills today?A14 million.B42 million.C28 million.D200 milli

14、on.5A lot of blind people in the world have to suffer because .AORBIS didnt do its best to offer helpBthere is no good medical knowledge and skillsCsome countries cant afford medical knowledge and skillsDdeveloping countries dont pay much attention to the blind6According to this passage, ORBIS helps

15、 fight blindness by doing the following EXCEPT .Awriting this kind of articles to ask for helpBproviding sight-saving trainingCtreating thousands of blind people every yearDtrying to keep a close relation among countries7The purpose of this passage is to .Aintroduce a charitable organization ORBIS t

16、o peopleBcall on people to give the blind a handCtell people how they feel if they lose their eyesDexplain why ORBIS helps fight blindness Some of the best research on daily experience is rooted in rates of positive and negative interactions, which has proved that being blindly positive or negative

17、can cause others to be frustrated or annoyed or to simply tune out.Over the last two decades, scientists have made remarkable predictions simply by watching people interact with one another and then scoring the conversations based on the rate of positive and negative interactions. Researchers have u

18、sed the findings to predict everything from the likelihood that a couple will divorce to the chances of a work team having high customer satisfaction and productivity levels.More recent research helps explain why these brief exchanges matter So much. When you experience negative emotions as a result

19、 of criticism or rejection, for example, your body produces higher levels of the stress hormone, which shuts down much of your thinking and activates(激活) conflict and defense mechanisms (机制). You assume situations as being worse than they actually are.When you experience a positive interaction, it a

20、ctivates a very different response. Positive exchanges increase your bodys production of oxytocin, a feel-good hormone that increases your ability to communicate with, cooperate with and trust others. But the effects of a positive occurrence are less dramatic and lasting than they are for a negative

21、 one. We need at least three to five positive interactions to outweigh( 比更重要) every one negative exchange. Bad moments simply outweigh good ones. Whether youre having a conversation, keep this simple short cut in mind: At least 80 percent of your conversation should be focused on whats going right.W

22、orkplaces, for example, often see this. During performance reviews, managers routinely spend 80 percent of their time on weaknesses and “areas for improvement”. They spend roughly 20 percent of the time on strengths and positive aspects. Any time you have discussions with a person or group, spend th

23、e vast majority of the time talking about what is working, and use the remaining time to address weaknesses.8Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined part “tune out”in Paragraph 1?Astop listeningBchange ones mindClose temperDbe at a loss9What will happen if you experience n

24、egative emotions?AMuch of your thinking will be prevented.BYoull begin to look for the bright side of life.CYou will feel an urge to improve and become better.DYoull be motivated to resolve conflicts with people.10What can we infer from Paragraph 4?AWe need a positive feeling to beat one negative fe

25、eling.BNegative feelings can sometimes promote our productivity.COur conversation should center on what needs improvement.DThe effect of negative feelings lasts longer than that of positive ones.11Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AWays to prevent negative thoughts.BPositive

26、interactions make the difference.CWhy negative thinking is unnecessary.DHow to promote workplace productivity.二、阅读理解 Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times i

27、n the theaters 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end.The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown

28、 in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed proper. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is

29、preparing to close down.Bradford said that large modem theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theaters location (位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the center of town,” he said. “Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”Last week some

30、city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were given up because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the l

31、and where the theater is located.The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater has shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.12In what way was yesterdays cleanup at the Plaza special?AIt made room for new equipment.BIt sign

32、aled the closedown of the theater.CIt was done with the help of the audience.DIt marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.13Why was The Last Picture Stow put on?AIt was an all-time classic.BIt was about the history of the town.CThe audience requested it.DThe theater owner found it suitable.14What will probably happen to the building?AIt will be repaired.BIt will be turned into a muse