学年新教材高中英语UNIT5MUSICSectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures学案新人教版必修第二册.docx

1、学年新教材高中英语UNIT5MUSICSectionDiscoveringUsefulStructures学案新人教版必修第二册Section Discovering Useful Structures过去分词作表语和状语1(教材P52)Born(bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 19882(教材P52) Moved(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for

2、the first time”3(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged(discourage)4(教材P58)Encouraged(encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day过去分词作表语1过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, loo

3、k, become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。2过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。The library is now closed(状态)图书馆现在关闭了。The cup was broken by my little sis

4、ter yesterday(动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。3感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人的”。We were amazed at what he said at the meeting我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；

5、其过去分词表示被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。常用的这类词有：The man standing there looks frightening, and the little boy is frightened站在那里的那个人看起来很可怕，小男孩吓着了。The news was exciting and we were excited the whole night这则消息令人激动，我们激动了整整一晚上。【典例1】(2018全国卷)I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly

6、into his eyes so he doesnt feel _(challenge)解析：考查词性转换之动词变为形容词。连系动词feel后要接形容词作表语。challenged adj受到挑战的；challenging adj困难的，富有挑战性的。 由语境可知，填challenged。答案：challenged过去分词作状语过去分词作状语的类型过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式/伴随和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。1过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when, wh

7、ile, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。Looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautifulWhen it is looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful当从远处看时，这幅画似乎更美了。Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewardingWhen he was asked for

8、his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现它既有趣又有意义。2过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。Worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these daysBecause I was worried about the exam, I was unsettled in thes

9、e days由于担心考试，我这几天感到不安。3过去分词作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fastIf they are grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。Given a few minutes, Ill finish the reportIf I am given a few minutes, Ill finish the report再给我几分钟的时间，我就

10、会完成这个报告。4过去分词作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。Encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficultiesThough he was encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties尽管受到了父母的鼓励，他仍然没有信心克服困难。Invited by him, I wont take part in

11、 the partyThough I was invited by him, I wont take part in the party即使被他邀请，我也不会参加聚会。5过去分词作方式/伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。The patient got off the bed, supported by the nurseThe patient got off the bed, and he was supported by the nurse那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。She accepted the gift, deeply movedShe

12、accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved她接受了礼物，深深地被感动了。值得注意的是，有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost(迷路); seated(坐); hidden(躲); lost/absorbed in(沉溺于); dressed in(穿着); tired of(厌烦)。Lost in thought, he didnt hear the bell由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。【典例2】(2018北京卷)Ordinary soap，_(use) corre

13、ctly, can deal with bacteria effectively解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：普通的香皂，只要使用正确，就可以有效除菌。use与其逻辑主语为被动关系，故填过去分词used。答案：used过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用ing，被动用ed。Used for a long time, the book looks old(动宾关系)由于用了很长时间，这本书

14、看上去陈旧。Using the book, I find it very useful(主谓关系)在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。【典例3】(2018全国卷)Everyone was silent, _(wait) to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。主语Everyone与wait为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填waiting。答案：waiting 单句语法填空1Yesterday we were deeply moved(move) by the movie dir

15、ected by Zhang Yimou2I am very delighted(delight) at the news that my brother got the first place in the longdistance race3We were all inspired by the inspiring speech made by the wellknown teacher(inspire)4My parents were satisfied(satisfy) with the plan for our summer vacation5Tony is really amusi

16、ng and tells jokes when he thinks were getting bored(bore)6Guided(guide) by an artist, the girl made great progress7Though defeated(defeat) many times, the man didnt lose heart8Worried(worry) about their childrens safety, parents together with the teachers went into the mountains in search of the lo

17、st(lose) students9Praised(praise) by the head teacher, Amy was excited all day10Completely examined(examine) by the doctors, MrLee went back to work right now 句型转换1When it is seen from the hill, the town looks more beautifulSeen_from_the_hill,_the town looks more beautiful2When he was asked about th

18、e accident, MrBlack burst into tearsWhen_asked about the accident, MrBlack burst into tears3MrYang, who was deeply moved, thanked the kids again and againMrYang，deeply_moved,_thanked the kids again and again4I have read the book twice, which was written by a famous British writerI have read the book

19、 written_by a famous British writer twice5As they were influenced by the warmhearted workers example, the couple did countless good deedsInfluenced_by the warmhearted workers example, the couple did countless good deeds 单句语法填空1(2017全国卷)In their spare time, they are interested(interest) in planting v

20、egetables in their garden2We all felt excited(excite) that Wu Dajing won the first gold medal for our country at the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics3We feel honoured(honour) to have you here in our English Week Activities4Greatly touched(touch) by the teachers words, he did a lot of things to help

21、classmates5Hearing(hear) the bell, the students began to enter the classroom6Divided(divide) into three groups, the students began to discuss the topic left over last time7Offered(offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous8Supported(support) by his brothers, he could

22、 continue his study in the university9Seen(see) from the top of a thirtystorey building, Beijing looks more splendid10Given(give) enough water and sunlight, the plant will grow to three metres11Faced(face) with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice12Judging(judge) from the

23、 number of cars, there were many people at the meeting 阅读理解Since I was born, I have been listening to music all the timeNot just any music, but the right kind of musicIt may seem strange to say that, but hearing good music played well by a big music group is something that a lot of people no longer

24、experienceMost people are musically illiterate(了解不多的) simply because they have never had any chance to listen to good musicMany people are unfamiliar with the sound of a symphony orchestra(交响乐团)They only hear orchestra music while watching ads and filmsBut to me a symphony orchestra is the biggest i

25、nstrument in the worldTo hear a full symphony orchestra on stage and to feel the power of the soundit is like a big waveIt is an amazing experience and it is one that I was lucky enough to grow up withMy mother was a wellknown singerShe had been a member of the Vienna State Opera and the Budapest St

26、ate Opera and as a baby I was taken along to concerts and stagesI was not necessarily listening to classical music but always good music played wellMy mother was the sixteenth child in her familyShe was the youngest and by the time she was born, her oldest sister also had a child with whom she share

27、d a bedWith so many loving families around her, my mother grew up happily to be a cheerful womanBecause I lost my father when I was very young, I do not remember much about himWhat I do know is largely what I have been told by my motherI am like him in many waysHe was obviously a very serious man, a

28、lways appearing sadI seem to have inherited(继承) something of that from himFortunately, I inherited far more of my mothers happinessa real show business personality(性格)【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。妈妈作为音乐工作者让作者有机会欣赏高质量的音乐作品。1Why does the author think that most people are musically illiterate?AThey are not intereste

29、d in musicBThey dont listen to music very oftenCThey cant tell good music from bad musicDThey have no chance to listen to wellplayed musicD解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的Most people are musically illiterate(了解不多的) simply because they have never had any chance to listen to good music可知，多数人都没有机会接触高质量高水准的音乐作品。2What do

30、es the author think of hearing a symphony orchestra on stage?AIt inspires him to get on stage one dayBIt makes him feel like getting stuck in a big waveCIts very different from hearing orchestra music in filmsDIt can create the same feeling as watching powerful adsC解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的They only hear orch

31、estra music while watching ads and filmsit is like a big wave可知，现场听交响乐表演和听电影中的交响乐体验是完全不同的。3What can be learned about the author as a baby?AHe helped his mother a lotBHe learned music from his motherCHe went to his mothers workplaceDHe listened to classical music every dayC解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的as a baby I was taken along to concerts and stages可知，作者常常被妈妈带到