初中英语八种时态.docx

1、初中英语八种时态初中英语8种时态归纳复习与练习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词 否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；

2、用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时： 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：be动词；行为动词 否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。

3、一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时： 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时： 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构：was

4、/were+doing 否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。 五、现在完成时： 概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc. 基本结构：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +d one. 一般疑问句：have或has。 六、过去完成时： 概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去

5、的过去”。 时间状语：before, bythe end of last year(term, month),etc. 基本结构：had + done. 否定形式：had + not + done. 一般疑问句：had放于句首。 七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.

6、否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 八、过去将来时： 概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc. 基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do. 否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do. 一般疑问句：was或were放于句首

7、；would/should 提到句首。 . 几种常见时态的相互转换 英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed

8、since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看： A. He joined the League two years ago. B.He has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换 在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看： Peter i

9、s at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换 在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看： The train is leaving soon. The train will leave soon. 四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换 “be going to+动词

10、原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看： We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.一、 单选 1 Jenny _ in an office. Her parents _in a hospital. A work works B works work C work are working D is working work

11、 2 One of the boys_ a black hat. A have B there is C there are D has 3 We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow. A dont rain Bdidnt rain Cdoesnt rain Disnt rain 4 He said the sun _in the east and _in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets 5 Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music. A

12、like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen 6 Jenny_ English every evening. A has study B studies C study D studied 答案：1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B 二、填空 1 I can take Li Ming there when he _ ( come) to visit. 2 _your sister_(know)English? 3Her home_ _ _(远离 )her school. 4The pot_(not l

13、ook) like yours very much. 5 Where _you_(have)lunch every day? 6 Who_(想要 )to go swimming? 7 _she_(do) the housework every day? 8 Jenny and Danny usually_(play) games in the afternoon . 答案：1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesnt look 5 do have 6 wants 7 does do 8 play 二、单三人称形式易出错 例：1 He plaies (p

14、lay) football very well. 2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10. 答案：1 plays 2 goes 解析：1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es；2与名词变复数不同，变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es. 三、在句式变换时易出错 例：1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend? 2 Brian doesnt lives (not live) in China. 答案：1 Does have 2 doesnt live 解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀：“见助

15、动，用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g. He didnt go home yesterday. 四、对do的理解易出错 例：We dont (not do) our homework in the afternoon. 答案：dont do 解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称；b)是助动词，无实义；c)是一个具体的行为动词“做，干”。此句中给出的do指“做，干”，not指把此句变为否定句，故须在do前加助动词dont。 五、对主语的数判断有误 例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. 答案: is 解

16、析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”，但with在此做伴随状语，不能做主语，故用is. 另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时巩固练习：一、在英语表达中，发生在不同时间的动作，谓语动词的表现形式是不一样的。这样就形成了不同的时态。你能判断下列各是什么时态，并根据要求做题吗？（一） 下列情况叫什么时态？_。1 定义：表示目前经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。2 标志词：usually, often, always, sometimes, every等。如：I often get up at si

17、x.3 完成下列各题：1) My name_Li Ming and I_ a worker. (be)2) Amy often _ (read) books in the evening.3) Sometimes Sarah_ (have) an English class.4) Lucy with her sister_ (like) science.5 What _ tom usually _ (do) at the weekend?6) Where _(be) Liu Yun now? She is at home.4.根据不同的划线部分对句子进行提问:1) Tom listens to

18、 the radio every morning. (变一般疑问句,并作肯定与否定回答) _? 肯定回答:_. 否定回答:_. 2) Tom listens to the radio every morning. （划线部分提问） _?3) Tom listens to the radio every morning. (划线部分提问） _?4) Tom listens to the radio every morning. (划线部分提问） _?(二) 下列情况是什么时态? _.1. 定义: 表示对将来的打算或准备做什么。2 标志词：tomorrow, tomorrow morning, f

19、rom now on ,next year, next week, in fifteen minutes, in five days, in the future, soon等. 如: I am going to school tomorrow.3. 用所给词的适当形式填空:1) Zhang Peng _(play) football tomorrow.2) We _(have) a picnic next week.3) I _(be) a scientist in twenty years time.4) Liu Yun with her parients _(go) to Beijing

20、 next month.5) What _ you _ _ _tomorrow? We are going to climb a mountain.4 根据不同的划线部分对句子提问。1） I am going to play basketball this afternoon.(变为一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答) _? _. _.2) I am going to play basketball this afternoon. _?3) I am going to play basketball this afternoon.-_? 4) I am going to play basketbal

21、l this afternoon. _?5) I am going to play basketball this afternoon._?6) 用will 改写句子。 _.7)用yesterday 替代this afternoon改写句子。 _.（三） 下列情况是什么时态？ _.1.定义:表示目前正在进行的动作或发生的事情。2标志词： now； look！； Listen！； Its seven oclock；Dont make any noise等。如： Look！The monkeys are climbing the mountain.3. 用所给词的正确形式完成句子。1) The s

22、tudents _ (have) an English class. 2) Listen！Amy _(sing) a pop song.3) What are you doing now?We _(fly) kites.4) Its seven oclock. The Greens _ (talk) and _(watch) TV. 5) Dont make any noise. Dad is _(read) a piece of newspaper and my baby sister _(sleep).4. 根据不同的划线部分对句子进行提问。1) The students are havi

23、ng a meeting in the classroom. （变一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）_? _. _.2) The students are having a meeting in the classroom. (划线部分对句子进行提问)_?3) The students are having a meeting in the classroom. (划线部分对句子进行提问)_?4) The students are having a meeting in the classroom. (划线部分对句子进行提问) _?5) The students are having a meet

24、ing in the classroom. (划线部分对句子进行提问) _?6) _. (用tomorrow 改写句子)二、下列情况虽不能称为句子的时态，但也表明了一些动词的用法，也就是说非谓语动词的用法。（一） 不定式：I want _(go) home. Id like _(swim) this afternoon.He asked me _(help) him with his English.Let me _ (tell) you a story. The song made her _ (smile).They have us _ (sit) behind them. He told

25、 me _ (leave) at once.He teach me how _(climb) a tree. Tell the boy not _(sit) like that.（二）现在分词或动名词：Lets go _(swim) tomorrow. She _(do) some _ (clean) now.I enjoy _(sing) English songs. I am good at _(draw).Knife is used for _(cut).1. Where is Mr. Liu? - He _the library. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in2. The students have cleaned the classroom , _? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they3. I like Hainan. I _there three times. A. went B. go C. have been D. have gone4.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we _ here for three years.A. have been to B. ha