高考英语阅读理解社会文化解题技巧和训练方法及练习题含答案.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解社会文化解题技巧和训练方法及练习题含答案高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 LEGO began as one mans small business. But today, it is the second largest toy company in the world. The LEGO company sells small, brightly colored plastic bricks (积木). People can buy LEGO bricks in over 90 countries. O

2、le Kirk Kristiansen from Denmark began his own business in 1932. He made products (产品) from wood including colorful wooden toys. Kristiansens young son, Godtfred, worked with him. Their business helped them make a lot of money. By 1934, the Kristiansens named their company LEGO, which came from two

3、Danish words, leg and godt, meaning play well. The LEGO company grew slowly. But it continued to create excellent wooden toys. By 1947, the LEGO company began using a new material (材料) to make their toys plastic. One of the toys they sold was called the Automatic Binding Brick. A person could put th

4、e bricks together to build something. But the bricks did not hold together easily. Still, they were a popular toy. A few years later, in 1954, Godtfred Kirk Kristiansen had a big idea. He wanted all of the LEGO bricks to fit together. Finally, four years later, in 1958, the LEGO company found their

5、answer. They invented the first modern style LEGO brick, which was similar to the Automatic Binding Brick but each piece would fit with any other piece. Since that time, any toy that the LEGO company created would fit with any other toy they created. Today, LEGO is not only the second largest toy ma

6、ker in the world, but also making its products a great way for children to learn creative building skills.（1）When the LEGO company was set up, it _. A.had a rapid growthB.failed to attract childrenC.invited children to work with itD.was small but successful（2）What do we know about the Automatic Bind

7、ing Brick? A.It was liked by few people.B.It was the best of its kind.C.It was a building toy.D.It was made of wood.（3）The first modern style LEGO brick_. A.fit together perfectlyB.was created by Godtfred and his fatherC.was invented in the early 1950sD.differed greatly from the Automatic Binding Br

8、ick（4）Whats the best title for the text? A.LEGO: Educational ToysB.LEGO: Play WellC.Toy Companies: From Small to BigD.Toy Companies: Never Too Late to Create【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丹麦知名玩具品牌乐高的发展历程。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“LEGO began as one mans small business”；以及第二段中的“Their business help

9、ed them make a lot of money,可知，高公司在创立初期虽然规模不大但盈利很多。因此可知公司规模虽小但很成功，故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“A person could put the bricks together to build something.”可知，Automatic Binding Brick是一种拼装积木，可以使用积木组装玩具，故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的the first modern style LEGO brick . each piece would fit with any other piece”可知，现代

10、的乐高积木可以彼此完全贴合，从而组装成一个整体。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第三段“By 1934, the Kristiansens named their company LEGO, which came from two Danish words, leg and godt， meaning play well. The LEGO company grew slowly. But it continued to create excellent wooden toys. ”可知，文章介绍了知名积木玩具乐高的发展情况， LEGO在丹麦语中意为玩得好”，这是公司制作玩具的宗旨所在， 因

11、此B项作标题概括了文章主旨也表达了乐高的宗旨，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move, said David Belle, the founder of parkour. Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find i

12、t boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bonds wond

13、erful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide. Yes, thats parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barriers in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport.

14、As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop. Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that. Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of th

15、e philosophy behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life

16、, my way to do everything. Another philosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself.（1）Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of . A.its founder, David BelleB.the varieties o

17、f participantsC.its risks and tricksD.the film, Casino Royale（2）The underlined word obstacles in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to . A.streetsB.objectsC.roofsD.barriers（3）Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour? A.Sports and extremes.B.Determination and freedom.C.Dreams and success.D.

18、Excitement and popularity.（4）Which of the following is true of parkour? A.It is a team sport.B.It is a good but boring sport.C.It needs special training.D.It challenges human abilities.【答案】 （1）D（2）D（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑酷运动的起源、特点和此运动蕴含的哲理。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的Just like James Bond in the movie C

19、asino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bonds wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.”可知因为James Bond在电影Casino Royale中的精彩跑酷表演使得这项运动在全世界流行，故选D。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“thats parkour, a

20、n extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barriers in the path using only the abilities of the human body.”可知跑酷的目的是尽可能快地从一个地方移动到另一个地方，利用人体的能力越过道路上的所有障碍。画线部分over obstacles on the way.与getting over all the barriers in the path意思一致，指跨越

21、路上的障碍。obstacles与barriers同义，故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers”可知跑酷蕴含的哲理是决心；第六段中的“Another philosophy weve learnt

22、from parkour is freedom.”可知蕴含的另一个哲理是自由。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Parkour is considered an extreme sport.”；第四段中的“Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds.”可知跑酷是极限运动，像听起来那样刺激和迷人。因此它挑战人类的能力。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 In ou

23、r annual Readers Choice Awards survey, we asked our readers to rate their favorite cities in the world for arts and culture. These cities are centers of music and dance, museums, and theaters. Here are four of them where you can find inspiration in the arts, starting with the top spot. Rome, Italy A

24、t its peak, the Roman Empire extended over nearly two million square miles of land across Europe, Asia Minor and North Africa. Today, that history is on display everywhere. The citys main attractions are famous not because of tourist advertisements, but because they are really so impressive. No wond

25、er its known as the Eternal City: You could spend forever here and find new artistic and cultural treasures every day. Paris, France Hemingway famously called Paris a moveable feast, but wherever you go while in the city, there is always something to see, hear, taste or feel. With some 150 museums,

26、Paris doubles as an art history class, offering the very best of the discipline across centuries and styles. London, United Kingdom London is inspiration and setting for the rise of Shakespeare, Dickens, Orwell and Eliot and the breeding ground for all those iconic (标志性的) bands: The Kinks, The Clash

27、 and The Stones. London is also Banksys favorite canvas, home to more than 1,000 galleries, and the kind of place where you can spend a whole day in a single museum and still be ready for more when it opens the next morning. Vienna, Austria As we all know, Western music would be unrecognizable witho

28、ut Austrias capital, which nurtured many famous musicians. Its also the site of the Vienna Secession, a revolutionary art movement founded in 1897 by Gustav Klimt. Visitors today can see the fruits of all that creativity in the citys 100 odd museums.（1）Why is Rome regarded as the Eternal City? A.It

29、had an important role in history.B.Its history can be seen everywhere.C.People can easily find new art and culture.D.People can spend money well there.（2）What does the underlined word nurtured in the last paragraph mean? A.Produced.B.Affected.C.Attracted.D.Changed.（3）Which column can we probably fin

30、d the text? A.History.B.Art.C.Education.D.Life.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个世界上最受喜爱的艺术和文化城市。 （1）考查细节理解。根据 Rome, Italy部分中的“No wonder its known as the Eternal City: You could spend forever here and find new artistic and cultural treasures every day.”可知难怪它被称为永恒之城：你可以永远在这里度过，每天都能发现新的艺术和文化宝藏。由

31、此可知罗马被视为永恒之城是因为人们可以很容易地找到新的艺术和文化。故选C。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据Vienna, Austria部分中的“As we all know, Western music would be unrecognizable without Austrias capital”可知，如果没有奥地利的首都，西方的音乐将是不可识别的，因此推断画线句句意：奥地利诞生了许多著名的音乐家。由此可知划线单词意思为“产生，诞生”，故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In our annual Readers Choice Awards survey, we asked our

32、readers to rate their favorite cities in the world for arts and culture.”可知在一年一度的读者选择奖调查中，我们要求读者对世界上最喜爱的艺术和文化城市进行排名。以及文章内容主要介绍了四个艺术和文化城市，由此可推知文章能够在“艺术”一栏找到。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee (裁