英语论文.docx

1、英语论文CHAPTER 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 IntroductionEFL study can be traced back to 1950s, which is triggered by Robert about the study of contrastive analysis. In this part, the study will review the study of personality in EFL andlearning strategies of EFLThe types of personalities are widely studied be

2、fore. Different dimensions are given by different scholars. Personalities are classified by different scholars as well. There are two types of personality: physiological type and psychological type. Physiological types such as ancient Greece, ancient China fluid temperament classification 25 classif

3、ication, E. Yin and Yang Kretschmers body classification. Psychological types such as Carl Jung divides people into two categories of extroversion and introversion; E. Shipulan koal divided the personality theory, economic, social, political and religious art, type 6. These are based on peoples thou

4、ghts, feelings, feelings, will and other characteristics to be divided. People tend to classify people into simple categories by emphasizing individual differences, such as being classified as type 2, type 3 or type 4. For example, someone who is not introverted extrovert, not belonging to the type

5、of weakness or pyknic type robust etc. This classification is called the germline type, which is discrete, discontinuous, and scale-free. In fact, this attribution is not appropriate, it only shows qualitative difference, but no amount of difference. The number of introversion / extroversion is the

6、ideal distribution of Shuangfeng curve, but the number of actual distribution is among the most type of extreme introverts and extroverts are very few. The trait of personality (personality dimension) does not use single behavioral characteristics to describe personality, but uses multiple personali

7、ty traits to express peoples differences. Everyone has a certain trait, but each person has different degrees. In the dimension of trait, according to the quantity, each person occupies a certain position, while the distribution of the whole sample is a normal curve, this classification is called co

8、ntinuous type. 2.2 Classification of Personalities2.2.1 Cattells 16 Personality Factors (16PF)The relationship between the language and personalities is studies by Cattell, an American psychologist, well-known for 16 fundamental personality traits, which are regarded as the source traits that basica

9、lly influences the forming of human personalities. In his theory, language provides the information to personality. The more specific a quality is elaborated by a language, the more overwhelming the quality is to personality. Language, thus, can be employed to name the traits of languages. 16 person

10、ality traits are narrowed from 171 traits by large analysis of words and behavioral data. The lists are present as the following: Reserved VSwarmConcrete reasoning VSabstract reasoningReactive VSemotionally stableDeferential VSdominantSerious VS1ivelyExpedient VSrule-consciousShy VSsocially boldUtil

11、itarian VSsensitiveTrusting VSvigilantPractical VSimaginativeForthright VSprivateSelf-assured VSapprehensiveTraditional VSopen-to-changeGrouporiented VSself-reliantTolerates disorder VSperfectionistRelaxed vstense2.2.2 Eysencks Three Personality DimensionsDifferent from the Cattell, Eysenck names th

12、ree dimensions for the personalities. There are extroversion and introversion, neuroticism and stability, psychoticism and socialization. The basis for this theory is mainly on physiology and genetics. As a behaviorist, he attaches more importance to the behavior of learning, the habit of learning.

13、Eysenck develops the theory on the basis of genetic heredity. The nature of the learners is paid more emphasis on this theory and Eysenck believes that temperament is one that is a manifestation of nature.2.2.2.1 ExtroversionIntroversionExtroversion is always featured as the qualities of being outgo

14、ing, volubility, and high initiative and external motivation required. Extroverts, based on Eysencks theory, are in need of external of external motivation to stimulate the learners to achieve a good performance. On the other hand, introverts, just need the internal peace and quietness to achieve a

15、good performance. The emotions include being sociable, dominant, expressive, and active and so on.2.2.2.2 Neuroticism/StabilityNeuroticism is featured as one group which is easily influenced by negative emotions such as anxiety and low mood, or depression, in other words. Based on Eysencks theory, n

16、euroticism is caused by visceral brain, which the activated by negative emotions. In contrast, stability is less affected by negative emotion and more stable in learning. The emotions refer to being anxious, depressed, tense and obsessive in learning. 2.2.2.3 Psychoticism/Socialization Psychoticism refers to a temperament which tends to mean being aggressive in learning. In Eysencks theory, psych