全国高考英语试题英语.docx

1、全国高考英语试题英语2012年全国高考英语试题英语绝密 启用前本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。第卷1至14页。第卷15至16页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第卷注意事项： 1答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径05毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。 2短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

2、第一节（共5小题：每小题15分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小脱从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt? A1915 B915 C918答案是B。1Where does this conversation probably take place? AIn a bookstore BIn a classroom CIn a library1.2At what time will the film begin? A7:20 B7

3、:15 C7:002.3What are the two speakers mainly talking about? ATheir friend Jane BA weekend trip CA radio programme3.4What will the woman probably do? ACatch a train BSee the man off CGo shopping4.5Why did the woman apologize? AShe made a late delivery BShe went to the wrong place CShe couldnt take th

4、e cake back5.第二节（共15小题;每小题15分，满分225分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料回答第67题。6Whose CD is broken? AKathys BMums CJacks6.7What does the boy promise to do for the girl? ABuy her a new CD BDo some cleaning CGive her 10 dollar

5、s7.听第7段材料回答第8、9题。8What did the man think of the meal? AJust so-so BQuite satisfactory CA bit disappointing8.9What was the 15% on the bill paid for? AThe food BThe drinks CThe service9.听第8段材料，回答第I0至12题。10Why is the man at the shop? ATo order a camera for his wife BTo have a camera repaired CTo get a

6、camera changed10.11What colour does the man want? APink BBlack COrange11.12What will the man do afterwards? AMake a phone call BWait until further notice CCome again the next day12.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday? AGo toaplay BStay at home CVisit Kingsto

7、n13.14What is Ariel going to do in Toronto? AAttend a party BMeet her aunt CSee a car show14. I5Why is Ariel in a hurry to leave? ATo call up Betty BTo buy some DVDs CTo pick up Daniel15.16What might be the relationship between the speakers? AClassmates BFellow workers CGuide and tourist16.听第10段材料，回

8、答第17至20题。17Where does Thomas Manning work? AIn the Guinness Company BAt a radio station CIn a museum17.18Where did the idea of a book of records come from? AA bird-shooting trip BA visit to Europe CA television talk show18.19When did Sir Hughs first book of records AIn 1875 BIn 1950 CIn 195519.20Wha

9、t are the two speakers going to talk about next? AMore records of unusual facts BThe founder of the company CThe oldest person in the world.20.第二部 分英语知识运用 （共两节满分45分）第一节 单项填空 （共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：We last night ,butwe went to the concert instead Amust have studi

10、ed Bmight study Cshould have studied Dwould study答案是：C21-Which one of these do you want? - Either will do AI dont mind BIm sure CNo problem DGo ahead21.本题考查情景对话。关键在于理解答语中的Either will do，Either表示任一个，do表示行，可以。既然两者中哪个都行，就表明了态度是并不在意，故选A。22Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction A不填；a Ba; the

11、 Cthe; 不填 Dthe; a22. 本题考查冠词。finished painting为特指的物，前用定冠词。Satisfaction为抽象名词，其前一般不加冠词。23Life is like walking in the snow, Granny used to say, because every step ” Ahas shown Bis showing Cshows Dshowed23. 本题考查动词的时态。上下文讲的是哲理性的话，直接引语中上文用的是一般现在时，下文回答时也要用同样的时态，而不要受插入语“Granny used to say”的影响。句意：奶奶过去常说：生活就像是

12、在雪地上行走，因为每一步都能看得见。24It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike Ahow Bwhich Cthat Dwhat24. 本题考查连词。It为形式主语，所填词引导的从句是题干真正的主语，引导词在从句中作动词do的宾语，指物，所以填what。by no means修饰clear。解析二：It是形式主语，从句中缺少do的宾语，名词性从句引导词在从句中充当成分，故选择what作为主语从句的引导词充当从句中谓语动词do的宾语。25I dont believe weve met before, I must

13、 say you do look familiar Atherefore Balthough Csince D unless25. 本题考查连词。本句缺少一个状语从句的连接词。句意：尽管我一定说你确实看起来熟悉，但我相信我们以前没见过面。根据句意只有although 符合题意。26The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much Athe best Bbest Cbetter Dthe better26. 本题考查形容词的比较级。do在此处为助词，起强调作用。so much the better是固定用

14、法，表示“那就更好了”，如so far so good一样，表示“到现在为止一直都还不错”the + 比较级 of the two用于两者之间；the +最高级 of the three or more用于三者或者三者以上。用在口语中，他们省略了他们所知道的部分。27Mary is really good at taking notes in classShe can_ almost every word her teacher says Aput out Bput down Cput away Dput together27. 本题考查动词词组辨析。put out熄灭；出发；put away

15、放好; 处理掉；put together合在一起；只有put down有记下的意思，符合，前一分句玛丽善于在课上记笔记的语意。注意所填空与take notes为同义转述。28The party will be held in the garden, weather Apermitting Bto permit Cpermitted Dpermit28.本题考查现在分词。独立主格结构表条件，weather与动词permit为主动关系，是它的逻辑主语，用现在分词。句子结构等同于if weather permits。备注：备用资料独立主格结构有两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词

16、或其他的一些词。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。 独立主格结构的功能 独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如： 1) 表示时间 The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。 Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。 2） 表示条件 The condition being

17、 favourable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。 3） 表示原因 There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车，我们只好步行。 He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷，所以他把她裹得严严实实的。 4） 表示伴随情况 Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。(=Almos

18、t all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.) 常见的独立主格结构有如下几种： 1. 名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系。如： The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn”t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。 Time permitting (= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的

19、话，我们明天去郊游。 2. 名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系。如： The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。 Her glasses broken (= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn”t see the words on the blackboard. 由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。 3. 名词/主格代词+不定式。名词/主格代词与不定式之间

20、是主谓关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。如： He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help. 借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。 They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。 4. 名词/主格代词+形容词。如： An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 So man

21、y people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。 5. 名词/主格代词+副词。如： He put on his sweater wrong side out. 他把毛衣穿反了。 The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，他们就都回家了。 6. 名词/主格代词+介词短语。如： The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手里拿着书去教室。 Mary was sitting near the fire, her bac

22、k towards the door. 玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。 7. There being +名词（代词）如： There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。 There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。 8. It being +名词（代词）如： It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。 It

23、 being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。 独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 举例： The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始放假。 The president assassinated, the

24、whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。 This done, we went home. 工作完成后，我们才回家。 The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.

25、会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。 He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆 注：独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词with。 如：Dont sleep with the windows open. 别开着窗睡觉。 He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。 She came in with a book i

26、n her hand. 她手里拿着一本书走了进来。 He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。 I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。 He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。 I cant go out with all these clothes to was

27、h. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。 使用独立主格四点注意： 1.独立主格与状语从句的转换当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。如：After class was over (=Class being over / Class over), the students soon left the classroom.下课后，学生很快离开了课室。 2. 不能省略being (having been)的情形在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的being（或having been）不能省略。 (1) 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：It being

28、Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天，我们去了做礼拜。 (2)在There being名词的结构中。如：There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。 3. 通常不用物主代词或冠词在“名词（或代词）介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。如： Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.史密斯小姐走进了课室，手里拿着一本书。比较with的复合结构。如：Miss Smith entered the class

29、room, with a book in his hand. 4. 独立主格结构没有所有格形式The chief-editor arriving, we began the meeting. 主编来了，我们开始开会。(比较动名词复合结构。) 独立主格结构的用法 独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 1. 用作时间状语：The work done (=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后，我们就回家了。 2. 用作条件状语：Weather permitting (=If wea

30、ther permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。 3. 用作原因状语：An important lecture to be given tomorrow (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。 4. 用作伴随状语：He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上，两手交叉枕在脑后。 5.表示补充说明：We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。 *注：独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。