ENG GOST 19912.docx

1、ENG GOST 19912GOST 19912-2001INTERNATIONAL STANDARDSOILSFIELD TEST METHODS BY STATIC AND DYNAMIC SOUNDINGINTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL COMMISSION ON STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION IN CONSTRUCTIONMoscow Preface 1 DEVELOPED by Federal state unitary enterprise Scientific Research, De

2、sign and Technology Institute for Bases and Underground Structures, named after N.M.Gersevanov.SUBMITTED by Russian Federation Construction Committee.2 APPROVED by International Scientific and Technical Commission on Standardization, Metrology and Certification in Construction on the 30th of May 200

3、1.The following bodies voted for approval of the standard:Name of stateName of agency of state housing administrationAzerbaijani RepublicAzerbaijani Republic Construction CommitteeRepublic of ArmeniaMinistry of Urban Development of the Republic of ArmeniaRepublic of KazakhstanKazStroyCommitteeRepubl

4、ic of MoldovaMinistry of Ecology and Land Improvement of the Republic of MoldovaRussian FederationRussian Federation Construction CommitteeRepublic of UzbekistanRepublic of Uzbekistan Construction and Architecture CommitteeUkraineUkraine Construction Committee3 INSTEAD OF GOST 19912-81, GOST 20069-8

5、14 PUT INTO EFFECT since the 1st of January 2002 as state standard of the Russian Federation by regulation of Russian Federation Construction Committee of the 22nd of August No. 99.INTERNATIONAL STANDARDSOILSField test methods by static and dynamic soundingEffective date 2002-01-011 Field of applica

6、tionThis standard is effective for disperse natural, man-caused and frozen soils, which composition and state allow continuous sounding, and establishes field test methods by sounding during investigation of these soils for construction.The standard is not effective for static sounding of soils, whi

7、ch contain over 25% (by weight) of particles bigger than 10 mm, and for dynamic sounding of soils, which contain over 40% (by weight) of particles bigger than 10 mm.2 ReferencesIn the standard the following reference is used: GOST 30672-99 Soils. Field tests. General provisions.3 DefinitionsTerms, u

8、sed in the standard, are listed in Appendix .4 General provisions4.1 The standard establishes the following field test methods by sounding:static sounding;dynamic sounding.4.2 General requirements for filed tests of soils, equipment and instruments, preparation of test platforms are specified in GOS

9、T 30672.4.3 Field test methods by sounding are used together with other kinds of engineering-geological operations or separately for:allocation of engineering-geological elements (thickness of layers and lenses, distribution limits of soils of different types and sorts);estimation of spatial variati

10、on of composition and properties of soils;determination of depth of rocks and fragmental soils;quantitative assessment of characteristics of physical-mechanical properties of soils (consistency, modulus of deformation, angle of internal friction and adhesion of soils and so on);determination of degr

11、ee of compaction and hardening of soils in time and space;estimation of possibility for poling and determination of burial depth;determination of data for calculation of pile foundations;selection of locations for test platforms and depth of filed tests, and for sampling points for laboratory resear

12、ches;quality control of geological and engineering works.4.4 Sounding of soils is executed by pressing of sonde into soil during static sounding, by driving or vibropiling of sonde during dynamic sounding with simultaneous (or in established depth intervals) measurement of parameters, which characte

13、rize soil resistance to intrusion of sonde.4.5 Qualitative assessment of characteristics of physical-mechanical properties of soils is carried out on the base of statistically proved relations between values of soil resistance to intrusion of sonde and results of characteristics determination with t

14、he help of other standard methods.4.6 Sounding method, sounding depth and location of sounding points are determined by program of engineering-geological investigations.A part of sounding points must be located close to excavations (2 5 m) in order to obtain data, required for interpretation of soun

15、ding results.4.7 During field tests by sounding it is necessary to keep field test book according to forms, specified in Appendix B, with attachment of automatic records (if any), and to represent tests results in the form of curves that reflect change of values of soil resistance to intrusion of so

16、nde depending on sounding depth.Scales of these chats may be different from scales, established by the standard, if relation between scales of vertical and horizontal coordinates will be maintained the same.Tests profiles must be accompanied with engineering-geological section of the closest to soun

17、ding point excavation.5 Static sounding5.1 Principle of method5.1.1 Field test by static sounding is carried out with the help of special unit that provides pressing of sonde into soil.5.1.2 During static sounding the following data is determined according to results of measurement of soil resistanc

18、e under sonde tip and on side surface of sonde:specific resistance of soil under sonde tip (cone) q;total resistance of soil on side surface Qs (for sonde of type I);specific resistance of soil on side surface (friction coupling) of sonde fs (for sonde of type II).Notes1 On special instructions it i

19、s possible to measure porous pressure that appears in interstitial water during sounding with the help of porous pressure sensors. The sensors are established on sonde cone (piezocone) or directly behind the cone (piezosondes).2 Using of specially equipped sondes allows measurement of consistency, v

20、olume humidity and natural gamma background of soil with the help of radioactivity logging, soil temperature and electrical resistance5.2 Equipment and instruments5.2.1 Machine for field test by static sounding must include:sonde (set of rods and conic tip);instrument for pressing in and extraction

21、of sonde;support-anchor device;instrument for measurement of load and resistance of soil.5.2.2 Depending of efforts, required for pressing of sonde under different soil conditions, and range of measuring soil resistance, the machines are divided according to table 1.Table 1Type of machineMaximum eff

22、ort of pressing in and extraction of sonde, kNRange of measuring soil resistanceqc, MPafs, kPaQs kNLight up to 50 inclusive 0,5-102-1000,5-10Medium over 50 to 100 inclusive1-305-2001-30Heavy over 1001-5010-5002-605.2.3 Depending of tip construction sondes may be of the following types:I sonde with t

23、ip that consists of cone and housing;II sonde with tip that consists of cone and friction coupling.Constructions of sondes and their main parameters are specified in Appendix C.Note For sonde of type II it is allowed to use widener that must be located no closer than 1000 mm from cone.5.2.4 Periodic

24、ally (but no longer than every 15 sounding points) it is necessary to check straightness of sonde rods and degree of tip wear.Straightness of sonde rods is checked by collecting of stands into 3 m long sections on flat surface. Deviation of these sections from straight line must not exceed 3 mm in a

25、ny plane at full length of the checked section.Decrease of cone height must not exceed 5 mm, decrease of its diameter must not exceed 0.3 mm.5.2.5 Support-anchor unit must take up reactive efforts, appearing during pressing in and extraction of sonde.5.2.6 Main inaccuracy of measuring instruments mu

26、st not exceed:5 % - during measurement of applied load;10 % - during measurement of soil resistance (but no more than 5 % of maximal measured value);1,0 cm during measurement of burial depth of sonde.5.2.7 Instruments for measurement of soil resistance to sonde intrusion may be mechanical or automat

27、ic. These instruments may be combined.During tests it is necessary to register information on chart strip, in memory block of registration system, etc.5.2.8 Measurement instruments must be calibrated according to passport data (but no longer than every 3 months).5.3 Preparation to test5.3.1 Preparat

28、ion of machine for field test by static sounding is carried out in compliance with requirements of its operational instructions.5.3.2 If necessary you may check straightness of sonde rods and degree of tip wear according to 5.2.4.5.3.3 Deviation of machine mast from vertical must not exceed 2.5.4 Te

29、st operation5.4.1 Static sounding must be executed by continuous pressing of sonde into soil, observing order of operations, established by operational instructions.5.4.2 Pauses in pressing of sonde are allowed only for build-up of sonde rods.5.4.3 During sounding it is necessary to control vertical

30、ity of sonde sinking.5.4.4 Values of soil resistance must be registered continuously or by depth intervals no more than 0.2 m.5.4.5 Speed of sonde sinking into soil must be (1,2 0,3) m/min.5.4.6 Test is finished after reaching of preset depth of sonde sinking or maximum efforts, shown in table 1. Wh

31、en the test is finished sonde is extracted from soil and well is plugged.5.4.7 Registration of values of soil resistance to sonde intrusion is made in field test book (Appendix B), on chart strip or in memory block of registration system.5.5 Processing of resultsAccording to measurements results, ob

32、tained during test values of parameter Qs (for sonde of type I), qc, fs (for sonde of type II) are calculated and curves that show change of these values by sounding depth (Appendix D) are graphed.6 Dynamic sounding6.1 Principle of method6.1.1 Field test by dynamic sounding is carried out with the help of special unit that provides sonde intrusion by impact or shock-and-vibrati