高二英语暑期系统复习7Cloning附解析.docx

1、高二英语暑期系统复习7Cloning附解析2019年高二英语暑期系统复习7：Cloning（附解析）各个击破一、单词拼写1. I (禁止) you to tell anyone.2. He (欠) 50 to his father.3. He will (退役) from the army next year.4. The teacher asked me to read the poem _(大声地).5. I am sure the new traffic regulation will meet with a strong _(反对) from the public.6. Dr. Joh

2、nson _(承担) the task of writing a comprehensive English dictionary last year.7. In this school, if you want to go out during school hours, you will need to _(获得) permission from the headmaster.8. Up to now, scientists have made a major _(突破) in the treatment of the disease.9. The scientists have made

3、 a breakthrough in the research to _(抵抗) the deadly disease.10. Its very disturbing that there is too much violence in the common _(媒体). 二、完成句子1. _(所有的努力都白费了), he was very desperate, falling ill. (vain) 2. She the responsibility these changes. (承担.责任)3. children (to play) computer games. (禁止小孩子不玩电脑游

4、戏很难) 4. We this discovery Newton. （归功于）5. I talked to Susan about it, and shes all .（赞同走）6. Youve done so much work that you . （一定能考及格）7. The ship to make a long voyage. （此船的现状不适宜远航）8. The news president of the United States is true. （他当选美国总统的消息是真的）三、单项选择1. We will not such attacks, nor will we let

5、them destroy our freedom to live peacefully and safely in the greatest city in the world.A. condemn B. tolerate C. shrink D. undertake2. The food was good and we loved the atmosphere and the people. _it was a good evening.A. As a result B. In consequenceC. In return D. Altogether3. At the conference

6、, President Obama wants congressional(国会的) _ of using force against Islamic. He also wants Congress to agree on limits on the use of ground troops.A. agreement B. protection C. approval D. objection4. I called the airline to my flight reservation a week before I left for Canada.A. participate B. adm

7、it C. appoint D. obtain5. Im afraid I cant come to the station to _, so lets say goodbye now.A. see you off B. give you awayC. pick you up D. pay you off6. What parents say and do at home will have a great impact _ their children.A. of B. on C. in D. to7. When asked about his future plans, the presi

8、dent expressed the desire to step aside _the younger men.A. in favour of B. in terms ofC. in need of D. in praise of8. _more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.A. Learn B. Learned C. To learn D. To be learning9. Mary is looking for a new apartmen

9、t for rent and she wants to find with a garage.A. it B. that C. one D. the one10. Cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, _ some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.A. as B. if C. unless D. while精益求精四、阅读理解【2019届湖北省黄冈市高三9月质量检测】Less

10、than 5 percent of elephants die from cancer, and researchers may have finally figured out why.According to a study from The University of Chicago, elephants produce “zombie genes”(僵尸基因) that can help protect the animal from cancer.Heres how it works: Humans and other animals carry one copy of a “mas

11、ter tumor suppressor” Gene(主肿瘤抑制基因). Elephants have 20 copies. Scientists found that gene can cause a “zombie gene” to come back to life with a new purpose: killing cells in damaged DNA.This is beneficial, because it acts in response to genetic mistakes, errors made when the DNA is being repaired, s

12、aid Vincent Lynch, an assistant professor of human genetics at the University of Chicago and the studys lead author, in a statement. “Getting rid of that cell can prevent a subsequent cancer.”Scientists say the gene also helps elephants enjoy long lives. They likely emerged roughly 25 to 30 million

13、years ago, when small - sized ancestors of modern elephants grew bigger, Lynch said.Researchers want to conduct more studies to find out exactly how the genes in elephants kill off cells in damaged DNA. That could help humans: studying how animals bodies fight off cancer could lead to strategies to

14、treat people. An estimated 17% of people worldwide die of cancer, according to the study published in the journal Cell Reports.“If we can understand how these genomic changes(基因组变化) are contributing to cancer resistance, then well be able to start thinking about how we translate these to our patient

15、s.” Joshua Schiffman, professor of pediatrics at University of Utah and an investigator at Huntsman Cancer Institute, said in an interview with CNN.1. Why do elephants have a lower risk of dying from cancer than humans?A. They have less “zombie genes”.B. They eat less meat and more grass.C. They are

16、 huge enough to kill cells in damaged DNA.D. They have more copies of a “master tumor suppressor” gene.2. The “master tumor suppressor” gene brings the following benefits except that .A. it can prolong elephants lives B. it can be transplanted into humansC. it can kill cells in damaged DNA D. it can

17、 bring “zombie genes” back to life3. What does the underlined word “these” in the last paragraph refer to?A. genomic changes B. cancer resistanceC. animals bodies D. cells in damaged DNA4. What is still a “puzzle” for researchers?A. How many people die of cancer.B. What kind of gene can kill the can

18、cer.C. Why we adopt the strategies to treat people.D. How the genes defeat the cells in damaged DNA.五、七选五Four Rules for Successful Plant Cloning【2019届高三第三次全国大联考】Plant growers have two choices when it comes to starting new plants: growing from seed, or plant cloning. And plant clones offer advantages

19、 that growing plants from seed cant offer. 1. , and as long as you do the cloning yourself, you know who the mother plant is and how your clones will grow, yield, and get you high. But its an art and science to plant cloning.Take your plant cuttings from a healthy motherplant. Plant cloning gives yo

20、u genetic copies of your motherplant. 2. , your clones get the best start possibly. Avoid using motherplants that are sick, or that are plagued with pests.3. . Most plant clones prefer temperatures slightly higher than your ideal grow room temperature, and they dont like a day and night cycle with a

21、 temperature drop at night. Thats why most growers root their cuttings under lighting that stays on 24 hours a day. The lighting itself creates temperature stabilization. Temperatures between 74-77 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏度) are the range you want.Clones like high humidity(湿度). Your cuttings need a hum

22、id environment in the 75-95% humidity range until theyve created roots and are able to intake water through them. Thats why many plant cloners use humidity covers. 4. , theyll die.Use sterile(无菌的) equipment and materials. You already figured out that your scissors, knife, or other tools for cutting

23、clones has to be clean. But you also want to make sure you trays, cloning covers, and root zone media are clean and sterile too. Dont reuse cloning cubes or cloning powders and gels(凝胶). 5. .When you follow these plant cloning tips, your clone success rate should be nearly 100%.A. Start fresh every

24、timeB. Use kind LED lightingC. Give your plant clones consistent climateD. Growing from clones youre sure to have all femalesE. If youre taking 20 clones and seeing only 10 of them surviveF. Until your clones have functioning roots, if theyre in dry airG. If your motherplants are strong, healthy, an

25、d have potent genetics六、短文改错【2019届湖北省荆门市高三元月调研考试】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。A Chinese scientist, Mr. He Jiankui claimed that he has s

26、uccessfully created the worlds first genetically-edited babies. In a interview, Mr. He said he had edited the genetic substance, or DNA,of twingirlsborn a few weeks early. Though Mr. Hes claim was immediately condemned by some scientists as unsafe and unethical, but he defended his work. He said the

27、 gene editing, that was to help protect the babies from their future infection of HIV, the virus responsible with AIDS, was perfectly safe. Many scientists working in genetics say he believe any experiments performing this way are dangerous.In the United States and other country, this kind of gene e

28、diting is strictly banned. What scientists are worried about that such changes to a persons DNA may harm his/her other genes and lead to deadly diseases.各个击破一、单词拼写1. forbid 2. owes 3. retire 4. aloud 5. objection 6. undertook 7. obtain 8. breakthrough 9. Resist 10. media二、完成句子1. (With) all the effor

29、ts in vain2. undertook; for3. It is hard to forbid4. owe; to5. in favor of going6. are bound to pass the exam7. is not in a condition/is in no condition8. that he has been elected三、单项选择1-5 BDCDA 6-10 BACCD精益求精四、阅读理解【答案】1-4 DBAD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。科学家从研究大象患癌几率小的原因，发现大象体内含比人类较多的master tumor suppressor基因，这种基因

30、可以杀死受损DNA中的细胞，使大象患癌风险降低。1. 推理判断题。根据第二段“elephants produce zombie genes(僵尸基因) that can help protect the animal from cancer.”和第三段“Humans and other animals carry one copy of a master tumor suppressor Gene. Elephants have 20 copies. Scientists found that gene can cause a zombie gene to come back to life

31、with a new purpose: killing cells in damaged DNA.”可知大象体内含有的master tumor suppressor基因比人类多，而这种基因可以杀死受损DNA中的细胞，使大象患癌风险降低。故选D。2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“that gene can cause a zombie gene to come back to life with a new purpose: killing cells in damaged DNA.”和第五段“Scientists say the gene also helps elephants enjoy long lives.”可知master tumor suppressor基因的作用，只有B项不是。故选B。3. 猜测词义题。句意：如果我们能了解这些基因组变化是怎样帮助抵抗癌症的，我们就可以考虑如何将这些基因组变化用于我们的病人。划线的“these”指的是“genomic changes”，故选A。4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Researchers want to conduct more studies to find out exactly how the genes