Unit 10 Emotions and Health新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译.docx

1、Unit 10 Emotions and Health新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译Unit10EmotionsandHealthThe Secrets of Good Health1 Exercise. Eat right. Dont smoke. These are some of the most words of advice to people who wish to stay healthy. But a growing amount of scientific research shows that there is another, equally important, as

2、pect to staying well, peace of mind. Exercise. Eat right. Dont smoke. These are some of the most common words of advice to people who wish to stay healthy. But a growing amount of scientific research shows that there is another, equally important, aspect to staying well, peace of mind. 2 Think about

3、 how your heart races while you are waiting to be called into the doctors office or how unhappy a bad headache can make you. There is a two-way connection between mind and body. When one is bothered, the other feels it. At the heart of the communications network are brain chemicals called neurotrans

4、mitters which communicate messages not only within the brain, but also within the body. One key receptor, the immune system, is a network of cells and organs that work to fight off viruses and bacteria. When you experience joy, fear, or relaxation, the immune system may increase or decrease producti

5、on of disease-fighting cells, thus helping or hindering you in fighting diseases such as the flu, or even some cancer. 3 By now, how the immune system is affected by stress has been well documented. In one study involving newlywed couples, for example, those who showed hostile behavior during a 30-m

6、inute discussion about marriage problems had lower immune functioning for the 24-hour period following the experiment than people who showed less negative behavior. It is not just stress that can do damage. One researcher thought that if the same cold virus was put under two different noses, the per

7、son who is depressed or anxious or pessimistic would be more likely to develop the cold. 4 What is it about stress and related emotions that can encourage poor health? These feelings can cause the production of substances that damage or weaken our immune cells. Negative emotions can also cause our b

8、odies to produce fewer immuno-transmitters which ultimately help fight off disease. 5 If stress, depression, anger and other negative feelings can make you more likely to get sick, can the reverse be true? Will you have a stronger immune response and greater health if you are happier, less stressed,

9、 and more optimistic? Experts believe that the answer is yes. There are studies showing that by employing certain mind-body techniques that help reduce stress and improve outlook, cancer patients can live longer. But cancer patients arent the only ones who can benefit. Certain mind-body techniques c

10、an help all of us. 6 Research has found that when patients with chronic pain used relaxation therapies and other behavioral techniques to manage discomfort, they reduced their visits to the doctor by 36 percent. Relaxation produces better health through deep, rhythmic breathing, muscle loosening, an

11、d a slower heart rate. When some of the tension is taken out of the body, the strain is taken off the entire system. Relaxation decreases blood pressure, heart rate and respiration and increases ones sense of well-being. That is important because a body that is constantly tense will eventually give

12、out. 7 There are dozens of mind-body techniques for you to choose from. The key is to find one youre comfortable with and then do it regularly. Simply writing about negative, unpleasant events may actually boost your immunity according to researchers. Scientists are not completely sure why it works

13、but they know that when individuals write, it helps them organize events, which in turn gives them more understanding of the situation. When you can give a stressful experience meaning through writing, you dont think about it or worry about it as much. And when you reduce stress, you boost immune fu

14、nctioning. How much you write or how long you write depends upon how much stress you feel about the event. One doctor suggests that people write until they are tired of writing and then read over what they have written. This helps make more sense of it. Also, just talking about a stressful experienc

15、e with a friend can have the same positive effect. 8 Study after study has shown that people with good support systemscaring, helpful family, friends and co-workershave better health. Researchers think that the understanding we get from them reduces stress, which in turn helps the immune system. As

16、one psychologist states, “When you have someone who loves you and cares about you to share your problems and feelings with, you dont feel you have to fight your problems, or the world, alone.” Another interesting study has shown that the more diverse your social network, the better, that people who

17、have a number of different social relationships have a lower risk of getting colds than those with fewer. 9 There are other fast but effective mind-body relaxation techniques. One could be called “belly breathing”. Sit in a comfortable chair in a quiet room. Close your eyes. Breathe through your nos

18、e, fill your belly with air, then slowly release the breath through your mouth. Another technique could be called “mindfulness”. Take a slow walk and be aware of exactly what is happening to you at each momentwhether the wind is on your face, an insect is flying near you, or you hear birds singing.

19、Even if you continue thinking about problems, you will become calmer and distance yourself from your problems. If you are at home, you might dance. Put on some fast music, close the door, and let yourself go. The dancing will energize you and that alone will make you feel better. 10 Whichever mind-b

20、ody techniques work best for you, never rely on them and them alone to keep you mentally and physically well. Like exercise, good nutrition and proper medical care, methods such as relaxation therapies are only one part of the recipe for good health. Still, they are an important ingredient.健康的秘诀1 锻炼

21、身体，饮食适当，不吸烟。这些是给希望保持健康的人的一些最常见的忠告。然后越来越多的科学家研究表明保持健康还有一个同等重要的方面，即心境平和。2 试想一下，当你在医生办公室外面等待进去看病时你的心跳有多快，严重的头疼又会是你多么得难受。身心之间的联系是双向的。一方受到干扰时，另一方能够感受到。信息交流网的核心部分是一种叫做神经传递素的大脑化学物质，这种物质不仅在大脑内传递信息，还能在体内传递信息。免疫系统是主要的感受器，是一个由细胞和器官所组成的网络，能抵御病毒与细菌进攻。当你兴奋，恐惧或是放松时，免疫系统会增加或减少抵抗疾病细胞的生成，从而帮助或阻碍你抵抗疾病，如流感，甚至癌症。3 迄今为止，

22、已有大量文献记载紧张是如何会使免疫系统受到影响。例如，在一项涉及新婚夫妇的研究中，在关于婚姻问题的30分钟讨论中有对立行为的人，在该讨论后24小时内比那些行为比较积极的人免疫力功能要差。破坏免疫力功能的不仅仅是紧张。一名研究人员认为：如果两个不同的人从鼻子吸进同学同一种感冒病毒，抑郁，焦虑或是悲观的那个人的感冒的可能性会更大。4 心情紧张以及与其相关的情感 会导致健康状况不佳，这是怎么回事呢？那是因为这些情感会引起一些物质的产生，这些物质会破坏或消弱我们的免疫细胞。消极的情感还会减少我们体内抵抗疾病的免疫传递素的生成量。5 假如紧张，忧郁，生气及其他消极情感会使你更容易得病，那么相反的情况是否

23、成立呢？假如你快乐些，不那么紧张，或者更乐观一些，你的免疫力是否就会更强些，健康状况就更好些？专家们的看法是肯定的。有研究表明采用某些减少压力，改进人生观的身心疗法，癌症病人能延长寿命。但是癌症病人并非唯一受益者。某些身心疗法能使我们所有人受益。6 研究发现，那些有慢性疼痛病的人采用了放松治疗法和其他行为疗法控制不适后，他们看病的次数减少了36%。放松是通过有节奏的深呼吸，肌肉松弛和心率减缓身体使身体更健康。当某些紧张感从体内去除后，压力也随之从整个系统消除了。放松能降低血压，减缓心率，放慢呼吸，使人倍感舒适。这一点很重要，因为要是人的身体始终处于紧张状态，他最终会垮掉的。7 在研究人员看来，

24、只是把那些消极的，令人不快的事写下来实际上也可以增加你的免疫力。科学家还没完全搞清楚为什么这样做会有用，但是他们知道人们写的过程就有助于将事件理一理，这会使他们更好的了解自己的处境。通过写能使你明白这种紧张的经历是怎么一回事，你就不会（像不这样做）那样去想或担忧了。而当你不那么紧张了，你的免疫功能也就增强了。至于写多少或多久，这要取决于事情本身给你带来的紧张程度。有一位医生建议人们一直写到不愿写了为止，然后读一遍自己所写的东西，这会是你对所写的事情有更多的了解。与朋友谈论自己经受的压力同样能起到积极作用。8 多项研究表明，有良好关爱机制的人，也就是那些受人关心，能得到家庭，朋友及同事的帮助的人

25、，健康状况比较好。研究人员认为，从他那里所得到的理解能够减少紧张，从而有利于免疫系统。一位心理学家说道：“当有人爱你，关心你，同你分担问题和情感时，你会感到你不是孤身一人在与困难和环境作斗争。”另一项有趣的研究表明，你的社交面越广越好，而且那些有很多不同社会关系的人比那些社会关系少的人的感冒的机会要小。9 还有一些别的快捷有效的身心放松疗法。其中一种叫做“腹部呼吸法”。在一个安静的房间里坐在一张舒适的椅子上，闭上眼睛，用鼻子呼吸，让腹部充满空气，然后将气慢慢从嘴里呼出。另一种疗法叫做“留神法”。慢慢的散步，时时刻刻主义正在发生的一切你是否感到有风扑面而来，有只小虫在你身边飞舞，或是听到小鸟在鸣

26、唱。即使你还在思考那些问题，你也会比原先平静些，是问题离你远一些。假如你在家里，你可以跳舞。播放一些快节奏的音乐，关上门，让自己纵情的跳。跳舞能给你活力，仅这一点就能使你感觉好一些。 10 不管是哪些身心疗法 ，对你最有效千万不要依赖他们，不能一味的以来他们以保持身心健康，正如体育锻炼，良好的营养和适当的医疗保健一样，诸如放松之类的疗法都能是保持身体健康的一部分。不过，他们确实一个重要的组成部分。Your Anger Can Kill You1 For well over 2,000 years the worlds major religions have taught the virtue

27、s of a trusting heart. Now there is another reason to heed the human wisdom of the ages: scientific evidence indicates that those with trusting hearts will live longer, healthier lives. 2 As a result of the work published in the US by two pioneering cardiologists, Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman,

28、 nearly every American is aware that Type A people are impatient and easily moved to hostility and anger. Many have come to believe that Type As are at much higher risk of suffering a heart attack or dying of coronary disease than others. 3 Just as the public was about to add Type A behavior to the

29、list of cardiac risk factorssuch as smoking, high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure and lack of physical exercisereports began to appear suggesting that the Type A story was not so simple. 4 New studies failed to find an increased risk of heart attack in all Type As. But recent research is cla

30、rifying and refining our understanding of the problem. The good news is that not all aspects of Type A behavior are equally toxic. Recent research shows that being in a hurry appears harmful only as it aggravates ones hostility. 5 Now for the bad news : hostility and anger can be fatal. They not onl

31、y raise the odds that you will develop coronary heart disease but may also increase your risk of suffering other life-threatening illnesses. If yours is a hostile heart, it is important that you learn to reduce your anger. 6 The driving force behind hostility is a cynical mistrust of others. If we e

32、xpect others to mistreat us, we are seldom disappointed. This generates anger and leads us to respond with aggression. 7 The most characteristic attitude of a cynic is suspicion of the motives of people he doesnt know. Imagine you are waiting for an elevator and it stops two floors above for longer than usual. How inconsiderate! you think. If people want to carry on a conversation, why dont they get off the elevator so the rest of us can get where were going! You have no way of knowing what is causing the delay. Yet, in a few seconds, you have drawn hostile conclus