天津专版高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练2科普知识.docx

1、天津专版高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练2科普知识 第三节 题组训练 2 科普知识A(2017河东区一模)Do you ever wish for a little more time to do everything you need to do？Well，on July 1 youll be getting itbut only one more second.On July 1 at exactly 7：59：59 am.Beijing time (or on June 30 at 23：59：59 UTC，Coordinated Universal Time)，the wo

2、rlds atomic(原子的) clocks will pause for a single second，or，more precisely，change to the unusual time of 7：59：60，according to .The addition of a leap second(闰秒)，announced by the Paris Observatory，is to keep our clocks in time with the slowing of Earths rotation(旋转) and astronomical time as measured by

3、 the sun.Just one extra second could cause big problems and affect the way computers and websites work，however.When the last leap second was added back in 2012，more than a few websites had some trouble.As reported by Phys.org，popular sites like the community website Reddit crashed when the leap seco

4、nd was added.For Reddit，the problem was eventually found to be with a Linux system that got confused when it checked the network time and found an extra second.Speaking to Wired about the problem back in 2012，Linux creator Linus Torvalds commented：“Almost every time we have a leap second，we find som

5、ething.Its really annoying，because its code(代码) that is almost never used，and thus not tested by users under their normal conditions.”Companies have had to think of their own solutions，and Googles “leap smear” may be the best-known example.As company engineer Christopher Pascoe explains in a blog po

6、st，companies usually try to fix the problem by turning back the clocks by one second at the end of the day so that they play that second again.However，Pascoe believes this creates problems.He asked：“What happens？Does e-mail that comes in during that second get stored correctly？”Google has a solution

7、：Cut the extra second into milliseconds and then put these tiny amounts of time into the system throughout the day.“This means that when it became time to add an extra second at midnight，”says Pascoe.“Our clocks have already taken this into account over the course of the day.”For many companies with

8、out Googles money，however，the leap second will likely still cause some crashes.Dont worry，thoughat least it wont last long!语篇解读本文主要介绍了“闰秒”带来的影响及其解决方案。1Why do we need to add a leap second?AThe worlds atomic clocks are set to do so.BTo keep in time with the worlds computers.CTo keep atomic clocks in t

9、ime with the slowing of Earths rotation.DTo record the changes to astronomical time.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The addition of a leap second(闰秒)，announced by the Paris Observatory，is to keep our clocks in time with the slowing of Earths rotation(旋转) and astronomical time as measured by the sun.”可知，闰秒是由于地球自

10、转变慢引起的，为了与由太阳测量的天文时间一致而增加一秒，故选C。2What happened to the website Reddit when the leap second was added in 2012?AIt crashed because of a virus attack.BIts network time added two extra seconds.CAll of the code in its Linux system went wrong.DOne of its software systems got confused and the site broke dow

11、n.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段中“the problem was eventually found to be with a Linux system that got confused when it checked the network time and found an extra second”可知，闰秒发生时，网站崩溃，运行系统混乱，故选D。3What does the underlined word “something” refer to in the 5th paragraph?AThe code not working properly.BThe ex

12、tra second.CThe problem.DNormal conditions.答案A解析代词指代题。根据文章第五段中“we find something.Its really annoying，because its code(代码) that is almost never used，and thus not tested by users under their normal conditions”可知，something指代后文出现的一些从没使用过和测试过的代码，即代码不正常地工作，故选A。4How do companies usually deal with the probl

13、em of the extra second?ABy shutting down computers at the end of the day.BBy stopping receiving emails that come in during that second.CBy turning the clocks back by one second at the end of the day.DBy cutting the extra second into milliseconds throughout the day.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第六段中“companies usually

14、 try to fix the problem by turning back the clocks by one second at the end of the day so that they play that second again”可知，解决额外一秒的做法是在一天结束时将时钟往回调一秒，故选C。5Whats Christopher Pascoes attitude toward Googles solution to the problem?AUnfavorable. BDoubtful.CApproving. DCautious.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“This

15、 means that when it became time to add an extra second at midnight，says Pascoe.Our clocks have already taken this into account over the course of the day.”可知，午夜时分多一秒时，时钟已经在白天将这一秒考虑在内了，所以Pascoe认同这个方法，故选C。B(2017和平区一模)Soaping up your hands may do more than just get rid of germs.It may wash away the inn

16、er confusion you feel right after being forced to make a choice between two appealing choices，according to a new study.The study builds on past research into a phenomenon known as “the Macbeth effect”It turns out that Shakespeare was really onto something when he imagined Lady Macbeth trying to clean her conscience(良心)