中考英语听力测试命题原则与方法Word格式.docx

1、2原文最好是口语材料，要反映交际功能，涉及词汇应是口语涉及的高频词汇。3原文要适合考生的年龄特点和生活实际。4试题的设计要充分考虑卷面上的阅读负担问题，要突出听力理解的考查，尽量减少阅读量。5要确保听力题必须通过听作答，通过读题可作答的题没有意义。6选项以3个为宜，力争简洁，这样有助于控制阅读量，也有助于降低命题的难度。7、不设置语法错误的选项，以免混淆考查of music. 本题答案句在结构、词序上有了根本的变化，要求听懂一句的同时，需要读懂多句，与笔试题中“同义句转换”的命题素材相似。（三）听句子或句组选图画【例】原文：Bill likes ball games. Look! He is

2、playing football with his classmates. 书面选项：图A 踢足球 图B 打篮球 图C 打排球另一种是，图画选项一同给出，可加两个干扰项，这样可以使试卷结构更加简约。听一句或多句描述选择图画。该题型的优点是，以图片呈现情景直截了当，考生没有阅读负担。要注意图片应绘制简洁清晰，不要起到视觉模糊而影响学生理解。（四）听句子做应答【例1】Would you like to go out with us to have a cup of coffee now?A. Id love to, but Im not free now. B. Yes, please, and

3、well have a good time. C. No, its not a good idea, for I like tea. 【例2】 Im sorry I have broken your cup. A. No problem. B. Never mind. C. My pleasure. 我这里所说的“应答”有两个含义：1. 对所听到的某个情景的陈述做出反应，例1“道歉和应答”“邀请和应答”；2. 对所听到的某一问题而做回答。本题型要求考生理解原文语句的语义及功能。命题时应按照课标中的功能意念项目表选材第二类 听对话（一）听短对话短对话可以是一问一答，也可以问题两三个轮次，但不要过

4、长。针对每一段短对话设置一个问题，考查细节信息或考查考生理解谈话双方的身份、关系、态度、意图等。可以设置选择题，也可以设置非选择题。最好由男女声录音，问题由第三个人提出，同时录在磁带上。为降低难度，也可以将问题印制在试卷上。1、听短对话选择正确答案2、听短对话回答问题3、听短对话及问题选择正确答案4、听短对话及问题选择正确图画（如我省中考英语听力第一题） W: （Excuse me, sir.） Where is the nearest bookshop, please?M: Sorry, I dont know. （ErI think you can ask the policeman ov

5、er there.）W: Thank you all the same. （添加括号中的语句更好些,在实际生活交谈时,经常使用零碎语, 如er,mm,hm, ah, well等）Q: Where does the woman want to go?（选择式） （文字） A. The book shop. B. The food shop. C. The bus shop. （图片） A. 书店 B. 食品商店 C. 公共汽车站 （非选择式） _. （The nearest bookshop） （二）听长对话长对话分为两人对话或多人对话，为方便录音，多采用两人对话。长对话自然是多个问答轮次。设置

6、的问题一般包括谈话人之间的关系、事件、原因、结果、态度、情感、赞同、反对等，可以设置两个或多个题目。1、听对话选择正确答案（问题在试卷上） 2、听对话及问题选择正确答案（问题在录音中）W： Are you going to the cinema tonight? I hear there is an American film.M： Id like to. I happen to be free this evening. Whats the film about？ Its about “How black people were brought to America from Africa”

7、 I remember the name now. Its “Roots”. Oh！Its a world famous story written by William Hadley. Ive heard about it, but Ive never read it. My mother has bought two tickets already. Lets go together Thank you, then when shall we meet？ The film starts at six forty-five. I11 wait for you at No.3 bus stop

8、 at six oclock. Dont be late. OK. See you later See you later.Questions:1. What wiIl the boy and the girl do this evening？2. When wiIl they meet at the bus stop？3. Who bought the tickets？ 书面选项:1. A. See a film. （比They will see a film.更简洁）B. Go for a walk. C. Read a book. 2. A. At 6:45.B: At 6:00. （原

9、文信息词At six.用阿拉伯数字体现转换）C. At 6:30.3. A. The boy. B. The girl. C. The girls mother. 3、听对话连线（我省中考英语听力B）原文:Ms Liu: What are you doing in Beijing, Tim?Tim: Im studying Chinese at Beijing University. Thats a good university. Do you think its hard? A little. I have homework every day, and there are so many

10、 tests! Well, keep studying, and youll get on well with your studies. . Im sure I will. By the way, are you parents with you here? No, Im alone here. What do you do for a living, Ms Liu? I work in a bank. That sounds interesting. Sometimes it is, but its also hard work. Were always very busy. I know

11、 how you feel. So, do you take long vacations? Not really. The bank needs us to work all year. Of course, we can take vacations, but only for a few days or a week.书面题目：1. Tim A. is working at Beijing University. 2. Ms Liu B. isnt in Beijing. 3. Tims father C. works in a bank. 4. Tim has D. is a stud

12、ent of Beijing University. E. only a little work to do. F. lots of homework and many tests. Key：1-4 DCBF 这种题的缺点是,有的选项靠语法或搭配便可排除。4、听对话或短文在表格或图表中填入正确的信息（如我省中考英语听力D题）A: Hello, whos that speaking? Hello, this is Mike. May I speak to Mary, please? Im sorry she is not in. she went to the shop just now. I

13、m sorry to hear that. This is Jack speaking. Can I take a message for you? Yes, please. When she comes back, tell her to ring back at about 5:30 this afternoon. Im waiting for her call. I have bought two tickets for the film this evening. Please tell her not to buy any more. What is your telephone n

14、umber, please? My number is 5878320. Thank you for your help. You are welcome. Bye! Goodbye!试题：TELEPHONE MESSAGEFrom: （1）_ To: _Date: March 23 Time: 10:30Message: （3）_ （4）_ to him at about （5）_ in the （6）_. Dont buy any more （7）_. His phone number is （8）_. Key: 1. Mike 2. Mary 3. Ring 4. back 5. 5:3

15、0 6. afternoon 7. tickets 8. 5878320第三类 听短文（独白）一定要注意作为听力材料的小短文，最好不含生词，语句简单，叙述直白，易于理解。听短文理解其情节发展、人物关系、时间、原因及结果等具体信息。讲话者或作者的态度、意图等推理等深层次理解也可以考虑设题。要注意，形式上本题与书面阅读理解相象，但题干和选项设置要简要，一目了然，不设置文字障碍。（一）听短文选择正确答案 （二）听短文回答问题（三）听短文判断正误 （四）听短文完成句子（五）听短文填写所缺的单词（听写，很少使用）（六） 听短文在表格或图表中填入正确的信息用表格设题，使得任务更明确，可以节省很多文字信息，

16、给予考生更多的思考时间与空间。My name is Li Hua. Im 25 years old. I live at 128 Qingbin Road, Nangang District in Harbin. My telephone number is 86308321. I like listening to music and reading in my free time. Im free on Saturdays and Sundays. I graduated from Heilongjiang University. Im very good at English. Id l

17、ike to be an English teacher in a middle school. Im sure that I can teach English well. APPLICATION FORM（申请表）Job: （1）_Name: Li HuaAge: （2）_Address: （3）_ Qingbin Road, Nangang District in HarbinTelephone: （4）_Interests: （5）_ and reading 1. Teacher 2. 25/Twenty-five 3. 128 4. 86308321 5. Music 听力试题的原文

18、选材来源于生活,体现生活,和我们日常生活有密切联系，最好能体现中西方文化差异与交融。具体涉及到的有:问路,购物,助人,询问时间,问候,新闻,约会,打电话等功能项目。话题内容为英语课程标准中规定的话题。朗读速度约为每分钟100个单词左右。参考文献陈琳，王蔷，程晓堂. 2003. 英语课程标准解读 M. 北京：北京师范大学出版社.教育部. 中考命题指导英语 M. 南京：江苏教育出版社.吕良环. 2003. 外语课程与教学论 M. 杭州：浙江教育出版社.武尊民. 2002. 英语测试的理论与实践 M. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社.杨钟琳. 1992. 英语测试的原则与方法 M. 杭州：杭州大学出版社.中国教育学会外语教学专业委员会. 2004. 习思五级评价标准 M. 长春：吉林教育出版社.