届高三英语二轮复习专题四语法填空讲义Word文档格式.docx

1、全国卷）My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment, school （come） es由时间状语at the moment可知，这里是指现在发生的事情，因此用一般现在时。4（2015全国卷）This cycle （go） day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset （抵消） for the outside temperatures.goe

2、s主语是This cycle, 且此处day after day表示常态，一直是这种情况，所以用一般现在时。5In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the CuyahogaRiver near Cleveland, Ohio. It （be） unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.was根据空前“In 1969, the pollution was terrible”可知，叙述的是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时；此外，主语是It，因此此处谓语用was。6Besides highspeed ra

3、il, China （improve） peoples lives in many other innovative ways over the last decade.has improvedover the last decade表示“在过去的十年”，常和现在完成时连用，主语是China，故谓语动词用has improved。7（2018惠州第二次调研）A woman suddenly （go） blind in one eye after playing a mobile phone game for a whole week in Guangdong Province last mon

4、th.went根据该句中的时间状语last month可知，此处应用一般过去时。8（2019重庆第一次调研）Now, Id like to share what I （learn） through TravellingGuidea few weeks ago.learned/learnt根据本句中的时间状语“a few weeks ago”可知，该空应用一般过去时。技法二 瞻前顾后找并列表示并列关系的谓语动词往往时态一致，如：and, but, not only . but also 引导的句子时态相呼应，应该一致。全国卷改编）I （manage） to get an A in that co

5、urse and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the classroom.managed由连词and连接的并列谓语动词learned可知，空格处也应该用一般过去时，managed和learned并列。全国卷）The Chinese Minstry of Agriculture finds that between2005 when the government （start） a soiltesting program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to

6、 farmers and2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.started根据语境可知，when引导定语从句修饰先行词2005，作者在说2005年发生的事情，started 和dropped是并列关系，故应用过去式。6月浙江高考）Pahlsson and her husband （search） the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.searched根据句意和“but turned up nothing”可知，search的动作发生在过去，所以填searc

7、hed。4（2019石家庄检测）My purchase cost 6 yuanand （take） just a few seconds.At a nearby coffee shop, its owner scanned a QR code on my phone.took根据句子的主语My purchase及谓语动词cost用了过去时态可知，and连接的并列谓语应用过去式，所以填took。5At first, both of them joined together and the frog（lead） his friend towards the pool in which he liv

8、ed, and didnt stop until he reached the side of the water.led由并列连词and可知，空白处与前面的joined呼应，表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。技法三 主从时态须呼应解决主、从句涉及的时态题时，要考虑主句和从句的关系， 根据动作发生的时间确定时态。全国卷）While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it （be） more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or sw

9、imming.isthe review says后跟的是宾语从句，主句谓语动词为一般现在时，宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，空格处应用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it，故填is。北京高考改编）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who （trap） in the mountains for two days.had been trapped句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。根据语境可知，trap所表示的动作发生在risked之前，为“过去的过去”，故应用过去完成时；又因为trap与主语who（指

10、代“two tourists”）之间是被动关系，故应用过去完成时的被动语态。全国卷）Later, engineers （manage） to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels （隧道）, which became known as the Tube.managed根据空格后从句中的谓语动词became可知此处也应该用一般过去时。泰安检测）Mr White（teach） in our school for nearly forty years before he retired last month.had taught根据“for n

11、early forty years”可知用完成时，再由时间状语从句“before he retired last month”可知用过去完成时。5（2018河南豫南九校质量考评）She said she（notice） a big change in me and wondered why.had noticed 句意：她说她已经注意到了我的巨大变化并想知道为什么会出现这种情况。设空处notice的动作发生在said之前，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。技法四细心体会辨语境有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境也是解决时态问题的一条行之有效的方法。全国卷改编）Te

12、n years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use what he （teach） me.taught根据语境可知，此处表示：我仍然利用到他教我的东西。他教我应是发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时。全国卷改编）The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I （do） how to live more with less.did从语境“learn earlier than I”可知比我早学会，我学会是发生在过去，所以应填did。全国卷）F

13、ast food （be） full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.is由语境可知，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子的主语Fast food （快餐）是不可数名词短语，故填is。4（2016浙江高考改编）While online shopping（change） our life, not all of its effects have been positive.has changed句意：尽管网上购物改变了我

14、们的生活，但并非它所有的影响都是积极正面的。从句主语是online shopping，结合网上购物已经改变了我们的生活这一事实以及后面的have been可知，这里要用现在完成时。5While most water towns are in the south, Shandongs Taierzhuang stands out in the north.The town （be） on the bank of the BeijingHangzhou Grand Canal.is此处表示：这座城镇位于京杭大运河的岸边。该句主语为“The town”，故谓语动词用单数；该句陈述的是当前的情况，故用

15、一般现在时。6（2018湖北七市联考）A red rose, rather than yellow roses, （act） as the traditional romantic gift given to your lover on Valentines Day.acts本句描述的是客观情况，故应用一般现在时；句子的主语是A red rose，而不是rather than后的yellow roses，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式，故填acts。技法五固定句式要记牢掌握固定句式也是解决时态问题的快速且行之有效的方法，因此要熟记一些常用固定句式。1（2017天津高考改编）I （drive） do

16、wn to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.was driving此处是be doing .when .结构，意为“正在做，这时（突然）”。由从句的谓语动词found可知，主句应用过去进行时。2This was the first time I （experience） sandstorms and I dont ever want to be in one again.had experienced在“This was the first time （that） .”句式中，从句用过去完成时。3（2019梧州

17、一模）I say to him with a cheerful smile，“Go to exercise and you（feel） better.”will feel此处为“祈使句and陈述句”结构，陈述句用一般将来时。4（2018汕头市模拟）The hall was dark when I came in; the show was about （begin）to begin此处考查be about to do sth.意为“马上就要做某事”，表将来，故填to begin。5If the child（listen） to his advice that day, he would hav

18、e been alarmed and would not have been injured.had listened句中的时间状语that day 是一般过去时的时间状语， 但是从主句的谓语动词的形式可以看出本题考查虚拟语气，且空格处表示与过去事实相反的假设， 所以从句用过去完成时。陕西质量检测）Harvard is older than the United States.In the early 1630s some settlers suggested that a university （found） just to improve the quality of their desc

19、endants so that they could better build the new home.be founded主语a university和动词found之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；suggest表示“建议”时，后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“（should）动词原形”。技法六理清主谓关系，时态、语态要分明有时做题时我们对于时态问题比较关注，但往往忽略了语态，因此我们要对时态、语态全面考虑。浙江高考）I still remember visiting a friend whod lived here for five years and I （shock） when I

20、 learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.was shocked根据后面的learnt可知，此处说的是过去的事，故用一般过去时；而I与shock之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。2（2017全国卷）When fat and salt （remove） from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.are removed句意：脂肪和盐分从食物中去除后，食物尝起来就好像缺失了什么东西。结合语境可知，状语从句中用一般现在时态，主语fat and salt是复数概念，且与remove之间

21、是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are removed。全国卷）Steam engines （use） to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. were used根据句意可知Steam engines与use之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故需用一般过去时的被动语态。4（2017全国卷）Sarah （tell） that she could be Britains new supermodel, e

22、arning a million dollars in the next year. was told/has been told句意：萨拉被告知她可以成为英国的一名超模新星，第二年就可以有一百万美元的收入。主语Sarah与tell之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。此处可以用现在完成时或一般过去时。5（2019南昌一模）The village, which （build） in 1086, is crossed with canals.was built根据该句中的时间状语“in 1086”可知，该处陈述的事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时；which指代“The village”，为单数，且和动词b

23、uild之间是被动关系，故此处应填was built。广西桂林百色模拟）The Beijing Palace Museum keeps the original Song painting and one of its famous copies the Qing version （hold） in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.is held该句主语为“one of its famous copies the Qing version”，主语和谓语动词“hold”之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句陈述的是一种客观情况，故用一般现在时，故填is he

24、ld。7We sincerely hope more cultural exchanges of this kind （hold） in Italy and Lanzhou in the future.will be held此处指希望将来会有更多这样的文化交流活动在意大利和兰州举办。根据时间状语“in the future”可知，此处应用一般将来时；又hold与其主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填will be held。8（2018成都第二次诊断）Hot pot restaurants can （find） on pretty much every street in Chengdu,

25、 but the quality and taste can vary hugely.be found动词find和句子主语Hot pot restaurants之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。技法七利用三原则，确定主谓一致对于主谓一致这个语法点来说，了解和掌握语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三个基本原则是关键，掌握了基本的用法之后就像套数学公式一样代入即可。北京高考改编）She and her family bicycle to work, which （help） them keep fit.helps句意：她和她的家人骑自行车上班，这有助于她们保持健康。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前

26、面整个主句的内容。which在从句中作主语，表示她和家人骑自行车上班这件事，是单数概念，且主句中谓语动词bicycle是一般现在时，从句中也应用一般现在时，故用helps。天津高考改编）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming，（regard） as one of the best allround forms of exercise.is regardedcycling与动词regard之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语后有along with连接的短语时，谓语动词的数应与主语保持一致，即与cycling一致，此处谓语动词应用单数形

27、式，故填is regarded。郑州第一次质量预测）In general, preparing for new debate topics usually （include） brainstorming arguments, researching a resolution, and doing debate practice.includes本句中主语为“preparing for new debate topics”，是动名词短语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。太原阶段测评）Furthermore, the amount of sleep （change） greatly over the

28、 past 15 years.has changed根据该句中的时间状语“over the past 15 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且该句的主语是“the amount of sleep”，故谓语动词用单数形式。5That way you can find articles just about anything that （be） related to the science fields you are interested in.is关系代词that指代的是先行词anything，并在从句中作主语，再结合本句的时态可知，应填is。湖南长郡中学模拟）The traditional Chinese marriage usually （involve） some necessary procedures such as matchmaking, engagement, meeting the bride, and three bows.involves根据该句中的usually可知，此处表示经常发生的动作，故用一般现在时；主语“The traditional Chinese marriage”为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用单数形式。技法八 特殊动词（短语）特殊对待有些动词（短语）的用法特殊，例如表示所属关系的belong