概要写作之记叙文高考英语题型大冲关上海专用Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、4. 连贯性（Coherence）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow. 5. 客观性（Objectivity）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original pa

2、ssage only.（三）概要写作的步骤 1. Skim the text to find out the general theme. 快读原文，明确主题2. Analyze the texts structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. （one sentence） 划分各段，找出要点3. Write down the key supporting points for e

3、ach main idea without minor details. 抓重点，去枝节4. Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.归纳整理，转述大意5. Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.复读核对，检查错误（四）记叙文概要写作技巧 记叙文（Narration）：找出时间（when）,地点（where）,什么人（who

4、）,做了什么事（what）,为什么做（why）,结果怎么样（how）六要素。其中,最重要的要点是某人（who）做了何事（what）。若是夹叙夹议的文章,还要加上作者的看法、观点、经验或感悟。1.叙事性的记叙文（Narration）。叙事性的记叙文的主要内容的概括主要抓住记叙文的几个要素：时间、地点、人物、事件和影响或后果。2. 写人的记叙文（Description）。写人的记叙文总结要点主要抓住人物的主要特点或事迹，划出关键词（所谓关键词是文中反复出现的体现主题或关联的词）。（五）记叙文概要写作模板 记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。在写概要前，除明确文章主题外，还应抓住六

5、个要素：when, where, who, what, why, how。在这六个要素中，所占内容比重最大的是what。一般来说，记叙文的故事概要可以用这样的模板来表示：记叙文：what / who / when / where / why / how Who did what bybecause当然，不是说每个故事概要都包含how或why，有时两者选其一即可。（六）记叙文概要写作样文展示Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in

6、no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Discovering a lost brother Kieron Graham always knew he had an older brother named Vincent. Though Kieron spent years thinking about him, he could never track him down. That changed in December 2017, when Kierons adoptive parents gave him

7、an AncestryDNA test as a Christmas gift. Kieron, now 21, sent his saliva （唾液） sample in for analysis. When his results came back, he was stunned to find he had a lot of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it was label

8、ed “close family.” His name was Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection. “This is going to sound so wild but I think youre my brother,” Kieron wrote on Facebooks Messenger app. “I was given up for adoption in 1997 and it says on my paperwork that my mothe

9、r has a son with your name and your birth date. Her name is Shawn.” “OMG do you know your real name?” wrote Vincent, now 30. “I think it was Tyler.” “OMG YES! You are my brother.” “Wow,” wrote Kieron. “This is crazy,” said Vincent. The craziness was just beginning. As they talked, the brothers reali

10、zed they lived about 20 minutes from each other. More surprising, they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects: political science and legal studies. Vincent was nine when Kieron was born and remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who

11、 worked 15-plus hours a day as a nurse, decided that placing Kieron for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed. “She was very emotional about that time, to the point where it was hard for her to put into words anything about what happened,” Vincent says. Now the brothers had the chance t

12、o make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea shop that week. One of Vincents concerns was that Kieron might resent his birth family for placing him for adoption. He was relieved Kieron didnt, and that hed grown up in a loving family. Since that first meeting, the brothers have bonded

13、 even more. They play football together and celebrated Christmas with their families. “Well keep growing our relationship until its time to leave this planet,” says Vincent. That shouldnt be hard. As Kieron says, “Weve got years and years to catch up on.”【解析指导】1. Main idea 本文讲述了一对分开多年的兄弟重聚的故事。文章前半部分

14、主要讲Kieron如何通过基因检测和Facebook找到了他的哥哥 Vincent，后半部分讲述了他们重聚之后的往来，以及迅速建立感情。2. Text structure 全文可以划分为三个部分： -第一部分：Kieron通过基因检测和Facebook找到了他的哥哥。 -第二部分：Kieron的妈妈为什么放弃他，让别人领养他。-第三部分：Kieron和哥哥重聚后，迅速建立感情。3. Mind map4. Writing procedureStep 1：细读全文，明确主题。本文主要是讲述了一对分开多年的兄弟重聚的故事。Step 2：划分要点。记叙文注意是找who / what / when /

15、where / why / how who：Kieron what: found his brother Vincent when/why: 文中划线处 where: 无需强调 how: through an AncestryDNA test and FacebookStep 3：标主题句或关键词。已在文中用横线标出每段主题句。Step 4：概括。5. Summary writingKieron, given up for adoption reluctantly by his mother when he was a baby, found his brother Vincent throu

16、gh an AncestryDNA test and Facebook. Surprisingly, they lived quite close to each other and studied the same subjects in the same university. After their first meeting, the two brothers quickly bonded and would enhance their relationship in the years to come. （60 words）Summary Read the following pas

17、sage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.The Voice in the Box When I was quite young, my family had one of the first telephones in the neighborhood. I remember well the polished wooden case fastened to the

18、wall on the lower stair landing. But my first personal experience with this genie-in-the-receiver came one day while my mother was visiting a neighbor. Amusing myself at the tool bench in the basement, I hurt my finger with a hammer. The pain was terrible, but there didnt seem to be much use crying,

19、 because there was no one home to offer sympathy. I walked around the house, and finally arrived at the stairway. The telephone! Quickly I ran for the footstool and dragged it to the landing. Climbing up, I unhooked the receiver and held it to my ear. “Information Please,” I said into the mouthpiece

20、 just above my head. A click or two, and a small, clear voice spoke into my ear, “Information.” “I hurt my finger” I cried into the phone. The tears came readily enough, now that I had an audience. “Isnt your mother home?” came the question. “Nobodys home but me,” I sobbed. “Are you bleeding?” “No,”

21、 I replied. “I hit it with the hammer and it hurts.” “Can you open your icebox?” she asked. I said I could. “Then break off a little piece of ice, and hold it on your finger. That will stop the hurt. Be careful when you use the icepick （冰锥）,” she said. “And dont cry. Youll be all right.” After that,

22、 I called Information Please for everything. I asked her for help with my geography, and she told me where Philadelphia was, and the Orinoco, the romantic river that I was going to explore when I grew up. She helped me with my arithmetic, and she told me that my pet chipmunkI had caught him in the p

23、ark just the day beforewould eat fruit and nuts. 【写作指导】这是一篇记叙文，考生需要在文中找到人、时、地、事情的起因、经过、结果等主要信息。读懂全文，可知作者意在向读者介绍他小时候使用电话的轶事，由此可以判断出这是一篇记叙文。因此，考生需要在文中找到人、时、地、事情的起因、经过、结果等主要信息。参考例文如下所示：【参考范文1】 One day I hurt my finger when alone at home. It occurred to me that I could use the telephone to call the oper

24、ator. She gave me detailed instructions and comforted me. I later turned to the magic device for help with almost everything. 【参考范文2】The author tells us a story about her experience of using the telephone to ask for help. One day, she got her finger hurt but there was no one at home to turn to. Then

25、 the telephone caught her eye, and she picked up the receiver and talked to the operator. Luckily, she was told how to deal with the injured finger. I took a trip to a big lake in Indonesia with my family two years ago. It was really a huge lake with beautiful scenery all around. People were amazed

26、by the endless view in front of our eyes. Later on, unlike other girls, I volunteered to go water-skiing alone. I put on the life jacket, got on the motorboat immediately and started my engine as soon as possible.The lake seemed broad and endless. I was so thrilled（激动） to enjoy my trip among the mou

27、ntains and waters that I sped my motorboat. Then, after some time, I found myself in the middle of the endless lake. A sudden fear came around me. I didnt know where I was or even how far I had gone from the shore. What was worse, it began to rain and it became very cold and foggy. I rode everywhere

28、 but couldnt find my way back. It was useless for me to cry or shout for help. I was so terrified that I began to think about all kinds of horrible things. After floating on the water helplessly and hopelessly for a long time, suddenly I heard someone calling my name. Soon, a big steamboat sailed to

29、 me and they pulled me up to the deck and asked me if I was hurt. I couldnt say a word but cried in my fathers arms.根据文本内容，这是一篇故事类的记叙文，要求对其进行概要写作。因此，我们先找出记叙文的六要素：Whentwo years agoWherea trip to a big lake in IndonesiaWho“I”, the writerWhatgot lost; was foundWhygo water-skiing alone; too thrilledResultfather came to her rescue列出了要点之后，我们就可以用自己的话将要点组织起来，概括成一段约60词的通顺概要：【参考范文】The passage tells us the writers experience of adventure. Once the writer was on a trip to a lake where she went water-skiing alone. She was so excited and enjoyed herself that