公共英语五级考试试题四十二.docx

1、公共英语五级考试试题四十二公共英语五级考试试题(四十二)一、Reading Comprehension（共15小题,共15.0分）Read the following three textsAnswer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D 第1题 Allergies cause heaps of trouble. Some people suffer the nuisance of seasonal hay fever, snuffling and sneezing as pollen flows through the ai

2、r. Others react to materials such as metals, developing unpleasant rashes at their very touch. And some sorry souls go into shock at the mere presence of certain foods, particularly peanuts and shellfish. The cause in each case is an oversensitive immune system that is reacting to harmless materials

3、 as well as to the pathogens it is supposed to be fighting. This creates annoying and sometimes life-threatening symptoms. Chronically over-reactive immune systems may not, though, be an entirely bad thing. Another role played by the immune system is to destroy malignant tumours before they take hol

4、dand work carried out recently by Annette Wigertz of the Karolinska Institute, in Stockholm, and her colleagues suggests that the immune systems of those with allergies may be particularly good at this. However, in a nice example of the way that one set of data is sometimes capable of divergentindee

5、d, oppositeinterpretations, she may instead have discovered a clue about how cancers shut down immune systems in order that they themselves may prosper. This Manichean finding came after Dr. Wigertz and her team interviewed 1,527 people with gliomas (a type of brain turnout) in Denmark, Finland, Nor

6、way, Sweden and the south-east of England. The researchers asked the patients in question whether they had a history of allergies, and then compared the results with those for 3,309 otherwise similar individuals who did not have brain tumours. As Dr. Wigertz reports in the American Journal of Epidem

7、iology, the tumour-free were, indeed, more likely to suffer from allergies. The presence of an allergy was associated with a 30% reduction in the likelihood of having a glioma. This was not all that surprising. Previous research had detected similar inverse correlations between allergies and brain t

8、umours, suggesting that a welcome side effect of allergy was resistance to cancer. But this new study went further. It looked carefully at the time in the patients lives when their allergies were active, and it found that this timing was crucial. Dr. Wigertz noted that the absence of allergy was cor

9、related with the time when a glioma first formed. That was true even in people who had previously had allergies which had then cleared up. Awkwardly, this result is open to two rather different interpretations. The optimistic explanation is that the hyperactive immune system associated with allergy

10、does, indeed, protect against turnouts. In that case, the coincidence was caused by turnouts taking advantage, as it were, of the reduced immune surveillance that accompanied the disappearance of the allergy. The sinister interpretation is that tumours are doing something as they grow that suppresse

11、s the immune system and thus allergic reactions. Either way, turnout and lack of allergy coincide. And either way, something interesting is going on. But Dr. Wigertzs result illustrates the perils of leaping to conclusions on the basis of incomplete data.Which of the following is a disease?ANuisance

12、.BPollen.CRash.DShock.【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分第2题 The second paragraph suggests that what has been discovered about immune system can be usedAto strengthen immune systems capacity to fight pathogens.Bto create immune system with allergies.Cto interpretate the data contained in immune system.Dto find out

13、how cancers fight immune system.【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分第3题 Which of the following statements about Dr. Wigertzs study is TRUE?Athe interviewees of the study are those who are suffering allergies.Bthe team examined 1,527 cases.Cthere is a negative correlation between allergies and brain tumors.D30% of th

14、ose who suffer from glioma also suffer from allergies.【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分第4题 The new study surpasses the previous one in thatAit identified side effects of allergies.Bit established that allergy can be cancer-resistant.Cit specified the time when allergy is active in human body.Dit found more about

15、how allergy is correlated with tumor.【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分第5题 Dr. Wigertzs finding suggestsAthat allergic reactions can be either good or bad.Bthat its still early to draw any conclusion.Cthat allergies may suppress the growth of tumor.Dthat they are not quite sure about the consequence of their study

16、.【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分第6题 The award of the Nobel science prizes often brings blinking into the limelight people who have laboured unknown to the wider world. Seldom, though, is there such a compelling human story to go with the intellectual one as that of Mario Capecchi, one of the winners of the medicine prize. His father was an airman who was killed in