中考初中英语语法现在完成时和过去完Word文件下载.docx

1、The meeting had begun when we got there. 我们到那儿时，会议已经开始了。We had learned about 5000English words by the end of last term.到上学期末我们已经学了5000个英语单词。They had done the work at five oclock. 在五点钟的时候他们已经完成了那项工作。Ive known Li Lei for three years. 我认识李蕾已经三年了。I have worked here since ten years ago. 自从十年前我就在这工作。We ha

2、d not heard from him since we left here. 自从我们离开以来一直没有收到他的来信。They had then been without sleep for twenty-four hours.这时他们已经有24个小时没有合眼了。3.使用时注意事项使用现在完成时应该注意：（1）“ have/ has got ”形式上是一种完成时，但和have/ has 为同一意义，即 “有”。Have you got a pen-friend? 你有笔友吗？Yes, I have. 是的，我有。Has he got a lot of work to do? 他有许多工作要做

3、吗？No, he hasnt. 不，他没有。（2） have/ has gone to 与 have/has been to 的区别have/ has gone to 强调“去而未归”； have/ has been to 强调“去而归还”。 have/ hasbeen to常和once, twice, never, ever连用； have/ has gone to则不可。 Have Jack ever been to Beijing? 杰克去过北京吗？ Yes, hes been there several times. 是的，他去过好几次了。 Where have Mary and To

4、m gone? 玛丽和汤姆去哪里了？ Theyve gone to London. 他们去伦敦了。（3）非延续性动词不能用于“现在完成时 + 表示一段时间的状语”的句型中。这类动词有：come, go, start, leave, die, buy, finish, join, borrow, stop等。但它们能够用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。arrive, come be here, be inbegin, start be onbuy havedie be deadfall asleep（ill） be asleep （ill）finish, end be ove

5、rget to know knowget up be upgo out be outjoin be in , be a + 名词leave, move be away, be out of使用过去完成时应该注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时。When she came into the room, she found them sitting together singing.她进屋时看见他们坐在一起唱歌。After we said good-bye to our friends, we left the village.在和朋友告别之后我们就离开村子。现在完成时和过去完成时的

6、区别与用法：现在完成时着眼于现在，强调过去发生的某动作对现在造成的影响和结果，或是由过去持续到现在的动作。I have cleaned the classroom .（强调扫地所产生的结果：地干净了！）We have lived here for ten years.（“住”从过去持续到现在的动作用现在完成时）We have lived here since we came here.（“住”是从过去持续到现在的动作用现在完成时）过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的两动作的先后有别，表达的是“过去的过去”，即比过去发生的某动作都还要“过去”，两动作中先发生的就用过去完成时，后发生的则只用一般过去时。

7、运用过去完成时的句子往往有两过去的时间或动作，一定要注意这点哟！Mr Green had lived in New York for ten years before he came to China.（来”中国已过去，而先前“住”在纽约更过去！）（另外注意：“住”在纽约可没有持续到现在哟！We had learned 1000 words by the end of last term.（“上期期末”已过去，而是在其前“学”的就更过去了！现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生

8、的影响。如：He visited Guilin in 1998.他1998年参观过桂林。（只说明去桂林的时间）2. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。（着重点是现在有了一台新电脑）3. 两种时态的区分（1）一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“助动词have /has +过去分词”。（2）一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等；

9、而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和these days, this week, since., for.等表示一段时间的状语连用。看看以下的几组句子，有什么区别？ Have you seen the film?（A）Did you see the film?（B）说明 你看过这部电影吗？（A）句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；（B）句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。 How has he done it?How did he do it?说明他是怎么做的这件事？（A）句强调的是他做这件事的方式对现在产生了某种影响；（B）句单

10、纯的询问做这件事的方式。 He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.（A）He lived in Beijing for 8 years.（B）说明他在北京住了8年。（A）句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8年，可能还会继续在北京住下去。（B）句讲的是他在北京住过8年，现在不在北京了。一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1阅读理解 Many cars in advertisements are red, blue or green but almost 75 percent of new cars sold are black, white, silver or grey.

11、A survey shows people prefer the car colors that dont show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, saving money. Besides, some areas that are short of water do not allow people to wash their cars often. According to another survey, white cars are often sold more than cars

12、of other colors. In China, car buyers say white makes a small car look bigger. Car buyers in other countries also like white. And the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones. People also think the temperature inside white

13、 cars is lower than that in cars of other colors. At present, every year about 11 percent of cars sold are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. But today, green cars are hard to find. Sometime in th

14、e future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their cars paint color anytime.（1）You can often see cars in advertisements. A.whiteB.blackC.redD.silver（2）Car buyers choose grey because they. can wash their cars lessdont need to wash carscan pay less mo

15、ney for carst allow washing cars（3）According to the passage, white cars lookthan those of other colors. saferdarkercheaperbigger（4）Green carsmake up 11% of the cars soldare hard to find all the timewere the most popular in the mid 1990swere less popular than blue cars in the past（5）In the future, we

16、 canchoose cars in all colorspaint our cars any color anywherebuy cars in all colorschange our cars paint color anytime【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）A（4）C（5）D 【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述车的颜色，以及使用某些颜色的原因。 （1）细节题。根据Many cars in advertisements are red,可知，广告里的车的颜色是经常是红色的，故选C。 （2）细节题。根据A survey shows people prefer the car colors

17、that dont show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, 可知，车的用户选择灰色的车，因为他们可以更少洗车，故选A。 （3）细节题。根据the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.可知，研究表明白色的车比其他颜色的车更安全，故选A。 （4）推断题。根据In the mid 1990s, gr

18、een was the most popular color in many places of the world. 可知，在20世纪90年代绿色的是世纪很多地方最受欢迎的颜色，推出绿色的车那时应该是最受欢迎的，故选C。 （5）细节题。根据Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their cars paint color anytime.可知，将来，我们可以在任何时候改变我们车的漆的颜色，故选D。 【点评】考查阅

19、读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。2阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。By Anna Matteo28 January, 2019 A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family. But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers （救援者） that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing c

20、old woods. He said he was with a friend a bear. The child went missing on January 22 while playing with friends near his grandmothers house in North Carolina. When the other children returned but Casey did not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police. Police formed

21、a search team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went by andno Casey. Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9:30 that night. He was in good health. Casey told

22、the rescuers he had hung out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his friend. The police officer Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. He said Casey did not say how he could survive in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather. However, the police officer s

23、aid, he did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear with him. Hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers, police and members of the army. Doctors at the medical center gave Casey some examination. He was then sent to his family on January 25. H

24、is mother talked with reporters and thanked everyone who joined the search for her son. We just want to tell everybody that were very thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey, said his mother. He is up and talking Hes already asked to watch cartoons.（1）Who stayed with Casey in the woo

25、ds during the two days? A bear.The police.His mother.The volunteers.（2）The underlined word survive in Paragraph 6 probably means give upget lostfall asleepremain alive（3）What is the correct order in which these happen?a. Someone heard a child crying.b. The family started to look for Casey.c. Casey p

26、layed with his friends.d. The police found Casey was in good health.b-c-a-db-c-d-ac-b-a-dc-b-d-a（4）After Casey was sent back home, he was _. scarednervousrelaxedsurprised【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了三岁的孩子 Casey Hathaway 在丢失之后的神奇的经历。他跟一只大熊游逛了两天。 （1）细节理解题，根据 He said he was with a friend a bear. 可知他跟一只熊在一起，故答案是A。 （2）词义猜测题题，小男孩丢失了，根据 in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather，这些都是小男孩在森林里遇到的恶劣生存条件，小男孩最后安全回家，可推测该单词的意思是生存，故答案是D。 （3）细节排除题，根据文章内容可知，孩子跟朋友在一起玩，即c，没有回来，家人就开始找他，即b。然后就有人听到了孩子的哭喊声即a，最后警察发现他状况很好，即d，句子顺序应该是c-b-a-d，故答案是C。 （4）细节理解题，根据 He is up and talking Hes a