最新人教版八年级下学期Unit2单元语法讲解及练习.docx

1、最新人教版八年级下学期Unit2单元语法讲解及练习Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.单元语法讲解动词不定式的用法一、动词不定式作主语 1.Its our duty _ the room every day. A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans2.Its hard for us _ English well. A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。 It will _ the workers over a y

2、ear _ _ the flyover. 4.Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup. A.for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， toKeys： 1. A 2. C 3. take， to， build 4. B 简析动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有： (1) It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth. (2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth (3)It

3、 takes sb some time to do sth (4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式 (1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(4)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。 注意：当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is to的句型 (对)To see is to believe.

4、百闻不如一见。(错)It is to believe to see. Its for sb.和 Its of sb. 1) for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等： Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 Its very nice

5、of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 for 与of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。) A.It is right to stop killing wild animals. B.It is the best time to visit USA in summer. C.It is helpful for us to learn English well. 二、动词不定式作

6、宾语 1.He wants _ some vegetables. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys2.Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school. A.to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking 3.He found it very difficult _. A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep Keys： 1. C 2. A 3. D 简析在want， like， agree， ho

7、pe， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面 Sb + V + it （形式宾语）+ agj （形容词）+to+ V（宾语）注意无BE动词。三、动词不定式作宾语补足语 1.Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before. A.help him B. to help him

8、with C. to help with D. helps him with 2.Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food. A.cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked Key： 1. B 2. C 简析不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等。 四、动词不定式作状语 1.She went _ her teacher. A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing 2.Meimei

9、likes English very much. She does her best _ English well. A.learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns Key： 1. A 2. C 简析go， come， try， do / try ones best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。 3.Im sorry _ that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear 4.Im sorry _ you. A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. tr

10、oubled 5.My mother was very glad _ her old friend. A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meetsKeys： 3. D 4. B 5. A 简析be +形容词+ to do sth结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。 6.The panda is so large that it cant go through the hole.(改为意思相同的句子) The hole _ _ _ _ such a large panda to go through. 7. The ice on the lake was so thi

11、n that people couldnt skate on it. (改为意思相同的句子) The ice on the lake wasnt _ enough _ people _ _ _. Keys： 6. is， too， small， for 7. thick， for， to， skate， on 简析在上述too +形容词/副词(for sb)to do(太而不能)和enough (for sb) to do(足以、足够做)结构中，不定式作结果状语。 sosuch. that.如此.以致.的用法及与其它句型的互换. A.SbSth +be V+ so + adjadv (aan+

12、adj +n)+that + cantcouldnt. = SbSth +be V+ too+adjadv(for+SbSth)+to+V . .如此.以致.=太而.不能. B.so that to =in order to+V动词that+从句 .为了以便于. C.SbSth +be+ so + adj形容词a an +n V +adv副词(so +littlemanymuch. such +aan+adj +n 名形容词+名词)+that + canould =.SbSth +be V+adjadv +enough足够的 + to+V.如此.以致于.=.足够.干. 如：他太年轻了而不能去上

13、学。 A. He is too young to go to school. B. He is so young that he cant go to school C He isnt old enough to go to school. D. He is so a young boy that he cant go to school （）1、The water is _ dirty _ the animals cant drink it. A.too . to B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,enough to Key：A （）2、The computer

14、 cost _much money _ I cant afford to buy it.A.too . to B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,enough to Key：B。因money前有 much所以不能用 such 3环境的污染如此严重，一些濒危动物无法生存下去。 Environment _ _ _ for endrangered animals to live on. 五、动词不定式作定语 1.Would you like something _? A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks 2.I have a lot of homework _. A. do B. doing C. did D. to do3.He is not an easy man _. A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with Key： 1. C 2. D 3. D 简析不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要 的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。 六、不带to的