人教新课标选修八 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors单元教案Word格式文档下载.docx

1、 Have you ever heard “Four Great Ancient Civilizations”? Yes, they are Ancient China, Ancient Greece, Ancient Egypt and Ancient India. What do you know about them?S1: In Ancient China, we have “Four Great Inventions”. They are the compass, printing, gunpowder and papermaking, of which we are proud,

2、and which, in the words of Roger Bacon, “changed the whole appearance and status of things in the world.”S2: China was the first country in the world to make paper. Paper made during the Western Han Dynasty （202 BC-16 AD） has been found in Gansu Province, Xian and Shaanxi Province as well as Xinjian

3、g. A further development of paper was credited to Cai Lun of the Eastern Han （25-220）. He used plant fiber such as tree bark, bits of rope, rags and worn-out fishing nets as raw materials. In 105, Cai presented the first batch of paper made under his supervision to the Han emperor, who was so deligh

4、ted that he named the material “Marquis Cais paper”.S3: Before paper was invented, the ancient Chinese carved characters on pottery, animal bones and stones, cast them on bronzes, or wrote them on bamboo or wooden strips and silk fabric. These materials, however, were either too heavy or too expensi

5、ve for widespread use. The invention and use of paper brought about a revolution in writing materials, paving the way for the invention of printing technology in the years to come. S4: The invention of gunpowder was no doubt one of the most significant achievements of the Middle Ages in China. The c

6、orrect prescription for making gunpowder with nitre, sulphur and carbon was probably discovered in the ninth century. S5: Bis printing consisted of four processes: making the types, composing the text, printing and retrieving the movable types. According to Dream Stream Essays, Bi Sheng carved indiv

7、idual characters on squares of sticky clay, and then baked them to make clay type pieces. When composing a text, he put a large iron frame on a piece of iron board and arranged the words within the frame. While one plate was being printed, another plate could be composed. After printing, the movable

8、 types were taken away and stored for future use. Movable type printing had a very important position in the history of printing, for all later printing methods such as wooden type, copper type and lead type printing invariably developed on the basis of movable clay types. Bi Sheng created movable t

9、ype printing more than four hundred years earlier than it was invented in Europe. S6: According to ancient records, natural magnets were employed in China as direction-finding devices. This led to the first compass, called a sinan （south-pointing ladle） during the Warring States Period. In the Han D

10、ynasty compasses consisted of a bronze on which 24 directions were carved and a rod made from a natural magnet. Such devices were in use until the eighth century. In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo described the floating compass, suspended in water, a technique that minimized the effect of motion on the

11、instrument. This enabled the compass to be used for sea navigation for the first time. The invention of the compass promoted maritime undertakings, and its use soon spread to the Arab world, and thence to Europe. S7: Chinas four great ancient inventions made tremendous contributions to the worlds ec

12、onomy and the culture of mankind. They were also important symbols of Chinas role as a great world civilization.S8: Ancient Egypt is famous for pyramids and mummy.S9: Olympic games grew out of Ancient Greece. Besides, Ancient Greece is well known for its art, architecture and myth.S10: Ancient India

13、 is known for its culture of Buddha. Excellent! Im very happy that youve known so much about Four Great Ancient Civilizations. Today, we will talk about some other cultural heritage.Step Warming up Deal with the Warming Up part. Now turn to page 37 and look at the pictures. What can you see in the p

14、ictures? Some cultural relics from Ancient Greece, China and Egypt. Good. Now try to identify these pictures. Discuss what they may have been made of and explain their use. Can you think of the alternatives we would use today?The students are given 3 minutes to discuss. 3 minutes later, let the stud

15、ents give their opinions. The first picture is an oil lamp. I think it might have been made of bronze. It was used to get light. But now we get light by using electricity. It is called “Bianzhong”. I guess it was made of bronze, too. It was used to play music. Today we use other musical instruments,

16、 such as violin, piano and guitar. The third one is Stone Axe, which is certainly made of stone. It might have used to scrape and cut up things. Today we can use steel axe. The last one is a burial mask of Pharaoh. It was made of gold and used to protect the face of Pharaoh; and the mask enabled the

17、 spirit to recognize the body. I think we never use masks when a person dies. But now we use masks to play or give performance. Now I can give you some suggested answers. Look at the screen.Show the following. Its nameWhat it wasmade ofIts useTodays alternatives1. Oil lampBronzeGet lightelectricity,

18、 wind2. BianzhongPlay musicPiano, violin andguitar3. Stone axeStoneScrape and cut up thingsAxe made of other materials, for example, steel4. Pharaoh maskGoldPreserve the face or enable the spirit to realize the bodyNothingStep SpeakingTalk about Sanxingdui Ruins with the students. We have looked at

19、some cultural relics of Ancient Greece, China and Egypt above. Do you want to know more about Chinese cultural relics?Then show the pictures on page 44. Tell the students they were found during an excavation in the Sanxingdui Ruins. What do you know about Sanxingdui Ruins? I know that Sanxingdui Rui

20、ns are found in Sichuan Province. They are famous for gold masks, bronze wares, jade tablets and sacred trees. And half human and half-animal masks. There is Sanxingdui International Mask Festival at the start of the May Day holiday. It is believed that Sanxingdui was the capital of the ancient “Shu

21、 culture” of the Sichuan area, previously believed to be 3,000 years old. A metropolis of its time, covering about three square kilometers, Sanxingdui had highly developed agriculture, including wine-making ability, ceramic technology and sacrificial tools and mining. Good, Sanxingdui Ruins are very

22、 important cultural relics for us Chinese and even the whole world. Some 100 years ago, Sanxingdui in todays Sichuan Province was nothing more than a typical rural area, and just 20 years ago its significance was not fully known. But in 1929 when a farmer found some jade, he unwittingly opened the d

23、oor of an unknown culture between 3,000 to 5,000 years old. But what no one could have expected was that this particular discovery would rewrite Chinese history. The area whose name means “three-star mounds” in English is not a place foreigners who arent archeologists would know to visit. And little

24、 is left for the common person to see but some ancient objects and many reproductions. Many objects at first seem somewhat commonplace for old cultures until you realize that the people making these objects were those living at the beginning of Chinese civilization. Now suppose you work in a museum,

25、 your job is to describe the objects as they are brought to the museum. Look at the pictures and discuss about these objects. Show the following on the screen. Give the students three minutes to discuss. 1. Guess what they are.2. Discuss what these objects were possibly used for.3. Describe these ob

26、jects. You should include:a. The name of the site where the four objects were found and their possible dates;b. A description of each including appearance, shape and a guess about the material it was made of;c. What we can learn from these objects about the people who lived then.After a few minutes.

27、 OK, so much for discussion. First look at the questions on the screen again. What are the answers? In my opinion, the first one looks like a tree. It might be made of bronze. Also, it might be used to offer sacrifices to gods or ancestors. I think the second picture is an animal-face image. It migh

28、t also be made of bronze. It might stand for authority. It looks like a bird. I think it could be made of bronze and it might be an ornament. It may be a pottery pot, which is used to contain boiled water or wine. Well done. Your guesses sound reasonable. Look at the screen. These are what I have fo

29、und about these things. Show the following.1. bronze sacred tree 442802- 52kb.2. bronze animal-face image 520364-55kb. 3. bird-shaped ornament 1s500815-50kb t1.4. pottery pot 579924-170kb.Deal with the SPEAKING TASK. Above are objects in ancient China. Now lets turn to a picture of ancient Egypt. Tu

30、rn to page 84. Read the instructions and discuss the painting and then fill in the chart in Part 1. A sample dialogue: What can you find in the painting? I can find some people are sitting on low stools, served by someone. Yes. In the lower part of the picture, someone is holding a plate with meat o

31、f poultry. And on the table there are other kinds of food. Look. There hang some clothes on the wall. They had to take off clothes when having dinner. I agree. And we can see that their meals are arranged well. Maybe the soup must be first served, and then comes the meat. Do you find someone dancing? Yes. Maybe they are watching the dancing while eating. Ask the students to read their answer