考点03阅读理解说明文解析版Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、t be easy. Such missions will present both physical and mental challenges as astronauts work to not only survive, but perform important scientific research in uniquely difficult environments.In the upcoming NASA-Russia experiment, a group of people will live in a closed facility at Russias Institute

2、 for Biomedical Problems, which is in Moscow. This habitat facility was used in2011 for notable series of Russian mock （模拟的） Mars missions known as Mars 500. During these missions, groups of people spent 520 and 105 days on two separate missions in the facility.The facility, according to the stateme

3、nt, will have environmental factors similar to those astronauts are expected to experience on future missions to Mars. The group of people will spend 8 months living together in isolation and working on scientific research.By living and working in this Mars-like environment, participants in this stu

4、dy will help NASA researchers better understand the psychological and physiological （心理和生理的） effects of isolation. These missions help researchers not only perform relevant science experiments but also see how people might get on under strange conditions for long periods of time.So, if youre finding

5、 that living in social isolation works for you, you might be particularly well-suited for living in a Mars-like environment and this could be for you. But first, you have to qualify. NASA is looking for highly motivated Americans between the ages of 30-55, who must speak both Russian and English flu

6、ently and have a Master of Science, Doctor of Philosophy, Doctor of Medicine, or military officer training. Applicants with other related experience may also be considered. Those who are chosen to be a part of this group will be paid for their work.1What do we know about the new experiment?AIt will

7、find the best way for humans to live on Mars.BIt is the first of its kind to be carried out since 1972.CIt is prepared for NASAs human spaceflight program.DIt will decide the people to be sent to the moon by NASA2Why does the author mention Mars 500 in the text?ATo explain why the facility has been

8、chosen.BTo compare the similarities among related missions.CTo show Russias achievement in space exploration.DTo indicate the new experiment will have great success.3What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?AThe process of the experiment. BThe purposes of the experiment.CThe popularity of the experiment. DT

9、he preparations for the experiment.4Which can be a suitable title for the text?AArtemis: NASAs new program BLove isolation? NASA wants you!CNASAs Mars exploration program DWant to have a trip to Mars? Come!【答案】1C2A3B4B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍美国宇航局要做的一个新实验。这个新实验是为美国宇航局的载人航天计划准备的。你在与世隔绝的环境中还能保持健康吗?美国宇航局正在寻找被

10、关在俄罗斯实验室8个月进行新实验的人。1细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Currently, NASAs Apollo 17 mission landed in 1972. （目前，美国宇航局的“阿尔忒弥斯”计划的目标是自1972年美国宇航局的“阿波罗17号”登月任务以来，首次将人类送上月球）”可知，这个新实验是为美国宇航局的载人航天计划准备的。故选C。2细节理解题。根据第四段中“This habitat facility was used in2011 for notable series of Russian mock（模拟的）Mars missions known as Mars 500.

11、（这个栖息地设施在2011年被用于一系列著名的俄罗斯模拟火星任务，被称为“火星500”）”可知，作者在文中提到“火星500”是为了解释为什么会选择这个设施。故选A。3主旨大意题。根据第六段中的“By living and working in this Mars-like environment, participants in this study will help NASA researchers better understand the psychological and physiological （心理和生理的） effects of isolation. （通过在这种类似火星的

12、环境中生活和工作，这项研究的参与者将帮助NASA研究人员更好地理解隔离的心理和生理影响）”可知，第六段讲的是实验的目的。故选B。4主旨大意题。根据第一段“Do you continue to be healthy in social isolation? NASA is looking for people to spend 8 months locked in a Russian lab for a new experiment. （你在与世隔绝的环境中还能保持健康吗？美国宇航局正在寻找被关在俄罗斯实验室8个月进行新实验的人）”可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是B项Love isolation?Pa

13、ssage2（2021高三一模） Everyone has a phone in their pocket nowadays, but how often do we really use them for their original purpose-to make a call? Telephone culture is disappearing. What brought us to this moment, and what are its effects?“No one picks up the phone anymore,” wrote Alex CMadrigal on The

14、Atlantic. The reflex of answering-centu20thtelephonic cultureis gone.”The shift is of course due in large part to more communication options: Texting with photos, videos, emojis, reaction gifs, links and even voice messages can be a more attractive option.Texting is light and fun, not nearly as dema

15、nding of your attention as a phone call. It can also be done with multiple people at the same time. Social media, email and video calls have also eaten away at traditional phone calls.In recent years, another reason has caused people to ignore phone calls completely: robocalls. Robocalls are automat

16、e messages from organizations verifying your phone number or telemarketers trying to sell something. Americans received 22.8 billion robocalls halfway through 2020, equaling an annual rate of 45.6 billion, slightly below 2018 numbers, according to YouMail, a robocall protection service and blocking

17、app.As telephone culture disappears, what is the loss of a singular family phone doing to the family unit? Early landline phones unified family members, whereas mobile phones isolate them.“The shared family phone served as an anchor for home,” said Luke Fernandez, a Weber State University computer-s

18、cience professor and co-author of Bored, Lonely, Angry, Stupid: Feelings About Technology, From the Telegraph to Twitter. “With smartphones we have gained mobility and privacy. But the value of the home has been diminished, as has its ability to guide and monitor family behavior and perhaps connect

19、families more closely,” Fernandez said.Of course, as technology progresses, lives always change for better or for worse. With the loss of telephone culture, families will need to find other ways to unite.5Whats the purpose of the passage?ATo point out the disadvantages of the traditional phone call.

20、BTo call for the traditional phone to advance with the times.CTo encourage people to make more phone calls and be closer to family.DTo introduce the causes and effects of the disappearing telephone culture.6What can we learn from the passage?AThe telephone culture disappeared just because of too man

21、y robocalls.BEarly landline phones are inconvenient and they separate family members.CSome communication options are more attractive than the traditional phone call.DTexting with multiple people at the same time takes up our attention too much.7What does the underlined word “diminished” in Paragraph

22、 7 probably mean?AChanged BDecreased CStrengthened DContinued8Whats the authors attitude to the effects of the disappearing telephone culture?ASupportive. BOpposed. CObjective. DSkeptical.5D6C7B8C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电话文化正在消失并分析了电话文化消失背后的原因以及影响。5推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone has a phone in their pocket nowaday

23、s, but how often do we really use them for their original purpose-to make a call?（如今，每个人的口袋里都有一部手机，但我们有多少次真正把它用于其最初的用途打电话？电话文化正在消失。是什么把我们带到这一刻，它的影响是什么？）”结合文章主要介绍了电话文化正在消失并分析了电话文化消失背后的原因以及影响。可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍电话文化消失的原因和影响。故选D。6细节理解题。根据第三段“The shift is of course due in large part to more communication opt

24、ions: Texting with photos, videos, emojis, reaction gifs, links and even voice messages can be a more attractive option.（这种转变在很大程度上是由于更多的交流选择：用照片、视频、表情符号、动图、链接甚至语音信息发送短信都是更有吸引力的选择）”可知，有些交流方式比传统的电话更有吸引力。7词义猜测题。根据第七段中“The shared family phone served as an anchor for home（共享的家庭电话是家庭生活的支柱）”以及画线词上文“With s

25、martphones we have gained mobility and privacy. But the value of the home has been”可知，but表示转折，说明共享的家庭电话是家庭生活的支柱。有了智能手机，我们获得了移动性和隐私，但是家的价值已经下降，即画线词意思是“下降”。A. Changed改变；B. Decreased下降；C. Strengthened加强；D. Continued继续。8推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了电话文化正在消失，并客观分析了电话文化消失背后的原因以及影响，作者在文中只是陈述客观事实和列举他人的观点，并没有提到自己对于电话

26、文化消失的态度，可推知，作者对正在消失的电话文化的影响持客观态度。Passage3 （2021河北高三月考） Apples iPad has been a huge hit among children, with its easy-to-use interface and innovative apps.In fact, researchers say the astonishing rise of the iPad has meant it has now overtaken household names such as McDonalds and Disney to become th

27、e number one brand among American 6-12 year olds.The annual study, conducted by leading youth and family research firm Smarty Pants, ranks more than 250 brands each year. “iPads number one status among kids represents the summit of the tablet takeovera movement from shared screens and TV network dom

28、inance to planned content on personal devices,” said Wynne Tyree, president of Smarty Pants. “Kids increasingly turn to iPad for games, TV shows, videos, books, homework help and communicating with friends and family.”In the firms 2014 study, Apples iPad went ahead of kid brands such as McDonalds, T

29、oys RUs, Nickelodeon, and Disney. Kids see the iPad as the a-in-one digital tool, giving them a unique sense of independence, the researchers say.Tyree notes that iPads march to the top has been dramatic. “In just five years, the iPad has risen from ranking 109th to being kids favorite brand. Early on, it captured the hearts of tweens and middle and upper class families, but iPad is now an indispensable part of childhood for the masses.”On the study iPad was tops with a weighted score of 898 out of 1000. Di