初中阶段不定式总结及习题及答案推荐文档Word格式文档下载.docx

1、一种是及物动词后直接跟带 to 的不定式， 另一种是 “及 物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。及物动词 +带 to 的不定式结构 :只能跟动词不定式的动词， 常见的有 : afford， agree， aim， appear， ask， believe， care，claim，decide demand， desire， determine， expect， fail， happen， hesitate， hope， intend， learn， long， manage， offer， pretend， promise， prepare， refuse， seek， swear， undert

2、ake， want， wish 等。1.He managed to solve the complicated problem.2.The stranger offered to show me the way.3.Mr. Smith undertook to build a new plant in South Africa.动词 +疑问代 （副）词+不定式：这类动词常见的有 advise， decide， find out， forget， inquire， know， learn， see regard初中英语语法总结， remember， teach, tell， understand

3、, wonder等。常见的疑问代（副）词有：what， when，where, which， how， whether等。1.He does not know when to start.2.You can decide whether to continue or to stop.3.lwill show you how to deal with it.有时，不定式可由it代替，而把不定式放到后面去。这可以用这一结构表达：动词（如 find， think， consider，feel 等）+it+ 形容词 + 不定式。I.She considers it necessary to make

4、friends with him.2.We find it diff icult to finish all the homework before 9 o clock.3） 不定式做表语一种情况为主语是不定式（表示条件）;表语是不定式（表示结果）:1.To see is to believe.2.To work means to earn a livi ng另一种情况为主语是以 aim，duty，hope, idea, job， plan, problem， purpose, thing，wish等名词为中心的短语，或以 what引导的名词性从句，不定式表语对 主语起补充说明作用：；例如：1

5、.His aim is to study abroad in the n ear future2.The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the price3.What I want to say is to forget all the un happy experie nee4） 不定式作定语不定式结构作名词词组修饰语主要有三种类型：第一种，被修饰的名词词组是不定式的逻辑宾语。1.There was really nothing to fear2.He gave me an in terest ing book to

6、 read如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就得加相应的介词。1.Mary n eeds a frie nd to play with.2.That girl has nothing to worry about.3.They have a strict teacher to liste n to4.Although the film had been on for ten minutes I still was not able to find a chair to sit on.第二种，被修饰的名词词组是不定式的逻辑主语；1.Have you got a key to uni ock the d

7、oor?2.The acti on to be take n is correct3.There is nothing to be gained by prete nding第三种，被修饰的名词词组是不定式的同位结构。这类名词通常是表示企图、努 力、倾向、目的、愿望、is算、能力、意向等意义的名词：ability， attempt, effort， impulse， inclination , wish 等。I.Her daughter will make an eve n bigger effort to please her2.1have no wishto quarrel withyou

8、.3.Neither of them had any in cli nati on to do bus in ess with Mary.5） 不定式作状语不定式结构在句中作状语通常都能转换为限制性状语从句。例如作原因状语：1.They are quite surprised to see the great cha nges tak ing place in the area2.They are quite surprised because they see the great cha nges tak ing place in the area3.He was lucky to arri

9、ve before dark4.He was lucky because he arrived before dark作目的状语：I.She raised her voice to be heared better2.She raised her voice so that she could heard better3.We went via Heidelberg to miss the traffic jam4.We went via Heidelberg so that we could miss the traffic jam 作结果状语：1.The French football t

10、eam played so successfully as to defeat the Brazilians2.The French football team played so successfully that they eve n defeated the Brazilia ns.3.He got to the stati on only to be told the train had gone4.He got to the station and was told that the train had gone 不带to的不定式的使用动词不定式通常带to,但在有些搭配中不带to,在

11、另一些搭配中可带to可不带 to。归纳起来，以下情况下使用不带to不定式：1） 在 can/could, /may/might, will /would, shall/should, must, need, dare等情态动词之后，动词不定式不带to。2） 在表示感觉意义的动词，如see初中英语语法总结，feel, watch, notice, smell, hear, observe等后，或是表示 致使”意义的动词，如have, let, make等后，动 词不定式不带to。1.1often heard him say that he would study hard2.1must have

12、 him see his own mistakes但是，当这类结构转换为被动语态时，后面的不带 to不定式一般转换为带 to不1.He was ofte n heard to say that he would study hard2.After he had finished speaking he was made to answer innumerable questions3） 在动词help之后可用不带to的不定式，也可用带to的不定式。1.Help the old lady （to） carry the heavy box.4） 在 had bette, would rather,

13、 may/might as well, rather than, can not but等搭配之后初中英语语法总结，动词不定式也不带 to。1.Unless you feel to ill to go out, I would rather not stay at home tonight2.She could not but criticize his foolish behaviour.5） 在 make do, make believe, let drop, 1et fall, 1et fly, let slip, let drive, let go off, hear say hear

14、 tell , leave go of等固定搭配中，用不带to的动词不定式。例 如：1.They let go of the rope.他们松开了绳子。2.John let fly a torrent of abuse at me 约翰朝我痛骂了一顿。3.Ive heard tell of him .我听说过他。4.Some of the faculty were let go for lack of the students 由于生源不足，一些教职 员工被解雇了。6） 在介词but初中英语语法总结初中英语语法总结，except之后，如果其前有动 词do的某种形式，其后不定式一般不带to,反之

15、则必须带to,表示不得不，只 能”例如：1.He will do anything except work on the farm.2.There was nothing left for the en emy to do but surre nder3.The spy was both hungry and cold there was nothing left for him but to give in.4.Ihad no choice but to wait till it stopped raining.下面一些短语是固定搭配，不带 to：can not help but，can n

16、ot choose bu，t can not but，do nothing but，have nothing to do but。I can not but admire his courage. 如果上述句中有 do，to 省略：I did nothing but watch TV last night 如果是下面一个固定搭配，就带 to：I have no choice but to give up my idea.7）紧跟在why或why not之后的动词不定式总是不带to。但是，紧跟在who,what, which, whether等连接词后的不定式带to。Why stand up i

17、f you can sit down?Why not ask your teacher when you dont understand the meaning?You neednt decide yet whether to study arts or science4不定式的否定形式否定形式是在不定式的标志to前加not。1.Idecided not to ask him again2.Please remember not to leave the lights on when you are out动词不定式练习一 . 根据上句意思完成下句,使两句意思相近或相同,每空一词。1.He w

18、as so angry that he couldn t say anything.He was too angry anything.2.I don t know when we will have the meeting.I don t know when the meeting.3.He said he would write a letter.He said he would have a letter .4.That you read English in the morning is very important.It is very important you English i

19、n the morning.5.He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头）He was strong the stone.6.His father went to Beijing for his holiday.His father went to Beijing his holiday.7.They got up early so that they could get there in time.They got up early there in time.8.His brother decided that he would

20、buy the book.His brother decided the book.9.He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.He hopes the Great Wall.10.Isaw him go into the room.He was seen into the room.11.We made him work five hours a day.He was made five hours a day.12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?Do you have anything for

21、yourself?13.We don t know what we shall do next. We don t know what next.14.Imvery sorry on hearing the bad news.I m very sorry the bad news.15.He stopped and had a look at me. He stopped a look at me.16.Ihelped him with his English.I helped him English.17.My father promised （许诺） that he would buy m

22、e a bike. My father promised me a bike.18.The box is so heavy that I can t carry it.The box is too heavy me .19.“ Lie down! ” the boy said to his dog. The boy ordered his dog down.20.“Don t make any noise, ”she said to me.She told me any noise.二 . 单选：1. This company was the first portable radios as

23、well as cassette tape recordersin the world.A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced2.The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make3.Helen had to shout above the sound of the music .A .making herself h

24、ear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D .to make herself heard4.I don t know whether you happen ,but I am going to study in the U.S.Athis September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard5.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only the film stars had left.A .t

25、o tell B .to be told C .telling D .told6.You were silly not your car.A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked7.The teacher asked us so much noise.A .don t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered clearwarnings be

26、fore firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9.I d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than a room withsomeone else.A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing10.The bank is reported in the local newspaper in broad daylightyesterday.A. robbe

27、d B. to have been robbed C. being robbed D. havingbeen robbed11.A number of paintings in the castle are believed in a fire.A. being destroyed B. having been destroyedC. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyed12.The meeting next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take place B. to be taken pla

28、ceC. to have taken place D. being taken place13.As a result of my laziness, I failed my work in time.A. and finished B. to finish C. and finishing D. to finished14.I am sorry written you a letter at the time.A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having15.Will you lend him a magazine ?A. to be read B. for reading