语言学单元自测.docx

1、语言学单元自测I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False.L1 development and L2 development seem to involve the same processes. The capacity to acquire ones first language is a fundamental human trait that all human beings are equally well possessed with. All normal children have eq

2、ual ability to acquire their first language. Children follow a similar acquisition schedule of predictable stages along the route of language development across cultures， though there is an idiosyncratic variation in the amount of time that takes individuals to master different aspects of the gramma

3、r. can be said to be predisposed and biologically programmed to acquire at least one language. languages are inferior， or superior， to other languages. acquisition is primarily the acquisition of the vocabulary and the meaning of language. beings are genetically predetermined to acquire language； th

4、is genetic predisposition is a sufficient condition for language development. who grow up in culture where caretaker speech is absent acquire their native language more slowly than children who are exposed to caretaker speech. mother tongue acquisition， normal children are not necessarily equally su

5、ccessful. the vast majority of children， language development occurs spontaneously and requires little conscious instruction on the part of adults. available evidence to date indicates that an explicit teaching of correct forms to young children plays a minor role at best. and reinforcement are not

6、key factors in child language development as they were claimed to be. plays at best a very minor role in the childs mastery of language. of children in different language areas of the world reveal that the developmental stages are similar， possibly universal， whatever the nature of the input. childs

7、 babbling seems to depend on the presence of acoustic， auditory input. general， the two-word stage begins roughly in the second half of the childs first year. s two-word expressions are absent of syntactic or morphological markers. first acquire the sounds in all languages of the world， no matter wh

8、at language they are exposed to， and in late stages acquire the more difficult sounds. acquisition begins at about the same time as lateralization does and is normally complete， as far as the essentials are concerned， by the time that the process of lateralization comes to an end. II. Fill in each b

9、lank below with one word which begins with the letter given. first language a_ refers to the development of a first or native language. to a n_ view of language acquisition， humans are quipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use， just as birds are biologically pre-wired to le

10、arn the songs of their species. caretaker speech， also called m_ or b_， is the type of modified speech typically addressed to young children. learning theory suggested that a childs verbal behavior was conditioned through association between a stimulus and the following response. s one-word utteranc

11、es are also called h_ sentences， because they can be used to express a concept or predication that would be associated with an entire sentence in adult speech. early multiword utterances of children lack inflectional morphemes and most minor lexical categories， they are often referred to as t_ speec

12、h. refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations. C_ Analysis was founded on the belief that it was possible， by establishing the linguistic differences between the native and target language systems， to pr

13、edict what problems learners of a particular second language would face and the types of errors they would make. language that a learner constructs at a given stage of SLA is known as i_. subconsciously use their first language knowledge in learning a second language. This is known as language t_. i

14、n language learning can be defined in terms of the learners overall goal or orientation. I_ motivation occurs when the learners goal is functional and i_ motivation occurs when the learners goal is social. III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the one that can best complete the

15、statement：32. In first language acquisition， imitation plays _. A. a minor role B. a significant role C. a basic role D. no rule 33. Linguists have found that for the vast majority of children， language development occurs _. A. with much imitation B. with little conscious instruction C. with much correction from their parents D. with little linguistic input 34. The development of linguistic skills involves the acquisition of _ rules rather than the mere memorization of words and s