中考20专题阅读与表达带答案Word格式.docx

1、第68题（2分）第69题揭秘：阅读与表达是中考必考题型，共5小题，总计10分。其中前4小题是容易题，文章中 有明确答案；最后第5题属于难题，通常需要在理解文章主要内容的基础上提取文章主旨 要义。用兵如神 【典型例题】2018北京中考 Camping in your backyard is full of fun, whatever your age. Its great for keeping us relaxed. It offers chances to check the night sky and to be noisier than usual. It lets us have fr

2、iends over to stay who might not fit inside the house! Follow these instructions and youll have a night youll never forget!Put up your tent. Depending on the number of family members and guests, you may need more than one tent. Tell your friends to bring their tents if needed. Follow the instruction

3、s or check out the articles on how to put up a tent on the Internet.Prepare your bedding. Youll want your guests to be able to relax in comfort. Put something soft to lie on the floor: A blow-up air mattress or thick comforters may work well. Fill the tent with soft toys and blankets （毯子）. Have ligh

4、tweight sleeping bags or cotton blankets. They are especially important if you live where the night temperatures drop greatly.Prepare a seating area. If you have a picnic table, that would work best. If not, set up a few chairs and a small table to set out drinks and food. A simple choice is to lay

5、out a blanket in the sun, so that your friends can eat and talk. Be sure the grass isnt wet!Make memories. Plan some activities. Youre camping in the backyard, so its time to make the most of being outdoors. Have a camera nearby to take silly photos of you, your family members, and your friends. Tak

6、e one large group shot with everyone smiling and laughing. Be sure to make copies for everyone!64. Is camping in the backyard great fun?65. What can we do to help relax our guests?66. What is a simple choice to prepare a seating area?67. How do we make memories?68. What is the passage mainly about?考

7、点一: 获取文章具体信息 一般疑问句【考点精析】Yes. 本题考查获取文章具体信息的能力。通过查找关键词camping in the backyard可知本题 对应的信息就位于文章的第1句话Camping in your backyard is full of fun, whatever your age.信息与问题 一致，故答案为Yes。考点二: 获取文章具体信息 特殊疑问句 65. What can we do to help relax our guests?【考点精析】Put something soft to lie on the floor. 本题考查获取文章具体信息的能力。问题是

8、“为了帮助 客人放松，我们能做什么？”通过查找关键词help relax our guests可知本题对应信息位于第3段开头部 分Youll want your guests to be able to relax in comfort. Put something soft to lie on the floor（你想要你的客 人舒适地放松，那么在地板上放一些软绵绵的东西来躺着）。故答案为Put something soft to lie on the floor. 66. What is a simple choice to prepare a seating area?【考点精析】A s

9、imple choice is to lay out a blanket in the sun. 本题考查获取文章具体信息的能力。问题是“准备一个就坐区域的简单选择是什么？”通过查找关键词prepare a seating area可知答案位于第4段； 再根据关键词a simple choice可知答案位于第3句话A simple choice is to lay out a blanket in the sun. 67. How do we make memories?【考点精析】By taking photos of us, our family members and friends.

10、本题考查获取文章具体信息的能力。 问题是“我们如何制造回忆？”通过查找关键词make memories可知答案位于最后一部分，即照片能给 人留下回忆Have a camera nearby to take silly photos of you, your family members, and your friends。回答时 需注意两点：首先，要将第二人称转换为第一人称（与问题保持一致）；其次，通常How引导的特殊疑 问句要用by +doing引出答案，故答案为By taking photos of us, our family members and friends.考点三: 提取文章主

11、旨要义 特殊疑问句【考点精析】What fun of camping is and how we have a great camping.本题考查提取文章主旨要义的能力。 问题是“这篇文章主要关于什么？”这类问题通常在原文中找不到明确的对应信息，需要在把握文意的 基础上，提炼并归纳出答案。纵观本题原文，发现它可以分成两个部分（第1段是单独的一部分，其余带副标题的所有段落是另一部分），那么分别提炼两部分的内容要点并整合在一起就会得出本题答案。第1部分红色划线语句（首段前4句话）以“总分”式说明camping的乐趣；蓝色划线语句（首段最后一句话）承上启下，表明第2部分将分述如何才能拥有一个难以忘

12、怀的camping。最后分别what和how两个连接词将两部分段义引出，即What fun of camping is and how we have a great camping.【举一反三】问题形式（一般）回答方式（一般）注意事项（一般）具体信息一般疑问句Yes. /No.答案对应信息与题号顺序一致，自上而下选择疑问句例如：Which is better, A or B?A. /B.特殊疑问句in/at + 地点（where）in/on/at + 时间（when）By + doing（how）Because（why）主旨要义Whatand howWhenand whereWhoand w

13、hy注意人称、时态要与问题一致【即学即练】2017北京中考 We need to be responsible for our environment. Being a frugal consumer（节俭的消费者） is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean?Use It Up You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Use the last little piece of

14、 soap. Dont throw away any bits of the biscuit at the bottom of the box.Wear It Out You do not always need to have new things. Suppose your sneakers have broken laces, but they still fit you. Repair them and wear them longer. You dont have to have the latest iPhone until the old one doesnt work anym

15、ore. Then you can get a new one. Think twice before replacing something that still work.Make It Do When something you want is not on hand, look for something else that you already have to take its place. Suppose you are packing your lunch for tomorrow and want a butter sandwich. You are out of butte

16、r. Have a cheese sandwich instead so you can use all of the cheese. Learn to fix broken toys instead of just throwing them away. With a little thought, you can make something do, instead of buying something new.Do Without Think about all those things that you would like to have. Do you really need t

17、hem? How long will you really play with that new toy you saw on TV? Making the things that we want uses up our worlds resources （资源）. And, getting rid of the things we dont want any more takes up even more resources and space.65. Do we need to be responsible for our environment?66. How do we deal wi

18、th the last little piece of soap?67. When do we need to get a new iPhone?68. What should we do when something we want is not on hand?69. What does the writer want to tell us?【答案】65. Yes. 66. Use it up. 67. Until the old doent work any more. 68. Look for something else. 69. Why and how to be a respon

19、sible consumer.过关斩将【2018河北中考】Every year, wildfires（野火） destroy much forest land. Homes are broken down, and thousands of people die. smokejumpers are helping to stop this.Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter. They jump from places into areas that difficult to reach by car or on foot. They

20、race to put out fires as fast as they can.At a fire site, smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their main goal is to stop fire from spreading. Using basic tools such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of burnable material like plants and other dry material.

21、 They carry water with them too, but not much.Although most smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. Most important are your weight and height. Smokejumpers in the U.S. for example, must be 54 to 91 kilograms, so they dont get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds.Smokejumpers must

22、be able to live in the wilderness. In Russia, many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees.The work is dangerous, the hours are long. But for these firefighters, smokejumping isnt just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires,

23、and live in the forest. As 28-year-old Russian smokejumpers Alexi Tishin says, “This is the best job for the strong and brave.”64. What are Smokejumpers?65. Where do they jump from?66. Whats their main goal?67. Why should they have proper weight?68. Whats needed to be a smokejumper?【答案】64. Smokejump

24、ers are a special kind of firefighter. 65.Theyjumpfromplanes. 66.Theirmaingoalistostopfirespreading. 67.Becausetheywontgethurtwhenland, orblownbystrongwinds. 68. To be a smokejumper, one needs to have proper height and weight, be able to live in the wilderness and love his/her job.【2018海淀一模】Beijing

25、is a crowded city of high-rise buildings everywhere. When there is a fire, it can spread easily and quickly. Every year, there are thousands of people losing not only their property （财产）but also their loved ones in fires. In many cases, these fires happened because people were careless. To prevent f

26、ires at home, it is important to monitor（监督） some household activities.Use of electrical appliancesAlways pay attention to the electrical wiring and electrical appliances（电器） that you are using. Choose proper electrical appliances and use them correctly. For example, allow enough space behind your T

27、V sets to make sure that there is room for the heat to escape. Do not put heaters near newspapers or other materials that can burn easily. When the electrical appliances are not in use, disconnect them from the electricity supply. When you notice problems with your electrical appliances, make sure t

28、o repair or replace them quickly. It is also important to avoid connecting too many plugs to the same socket（插座） as fires may result.Fire risks in the kitchenThe kitchen is a place where we can find fuel（燃料）, cooking stoves and many different kinds of electrical appliances. Because of this, you have

29、 to be more careful when working in the kitchen. Before cooking, open the windows to allow fresh air into the kitchen. Do not leave the kitchen when a stove is in use. Keep food packages and waste paper away from a stove as well. If you smell strong gas in the kitchen, disconnect the gas supply and

30、contact your gas supply company immediately.Matches and lightersPut matches and lighters in safe places. Do not let children play with them.Emergency exits Do not block the emergency exits（紧急出口） or lock them. When there is a fire, the emergency exits are your main escape paths.64. Why did fire happen in many cases?65. Where shouldnt we put the heater?66. Is it important to avoid connecting too many plugs to the same socket?67. What should we do before cooking?68. What is the purpose of the passage?【答案】64. Because people were careless. 65. We shouldnt put heate