美国宪法全文及参考译文.docx

1、美国宪法全文及参考译文美国宪法全文及参考译文 The Constitution of the United States of America美国宪法编辑：宗亚平ypzongwww.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/constitution.html : The Constitution of the United States of AmericaPreambleWe the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establi

2、sh Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.Article ISection 1All legislative powers herein granted

3、 shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.Section 21. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the qualific

4、ations requisite for Electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature.2. No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State

5、in which he shall be chosen.3. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for

6、a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The nu

7、mber of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Con

8、necticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pensylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three.4. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill

9、such vacancies.5. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers; and shall have the sole power of impeachment.Section 31. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six years; and each Senator

10、 shall have one vote. 2. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expir

11、ation of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments unti

12、l the next meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies.3. No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for which he shall b

13、e chosen. 4. The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided.5. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office

14、of President of the United States.6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no person shall be convicted without the conc

15、urrence of two thirds of the members present.7. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States: but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject

16、 to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment, according to law.Section 41. The times, places and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators.2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in