winter English Training.docx

1、winter English Training 一. 简单句英语句子只有6个组成部分:主语,谓语,宾语,宾补,状语,定语.也叫做6种句子成份. 一，句子成份：A 主语：句子说明的主体和对象, 通常位于句首. S. My father likes to go on the Internet. B 谓语：用于说明主语的动作,状态,身份,特征等内容,一般紧跟主语后面.谓语有两种:动词型谓语(由14个动词构成)和系表型谓语(系动词be加表语) V. / Lv. 动词型:Tom is running outside. 系表型:Jane is very quiet.C 宾语：表示谓语动作涉及的对象,通常位

2、于谓语或介词之后.O. I will write 100 books. Most of the students including the newcomer were late for the class.D 宾补：补充说明宾语的动作,状态,身份,特征等内容.通常位于宾语的后面.OC. My aunt asked me to call you. With his hands tied, he could not move.E 状语：修饰说明谓语的成分,说明谓语动作的时间,地点,速度,方式,程度,手段等内容,大多数时候位于句尾,少数时候位于谓语前.Adv. The girl is walkin

3、g slowly. Tired but happy, the boys went home.F 定语：修饰名词(代词,数词,-ing式)的一种辅助成分,限定名词的性质,特征,数量,状态,类别等内容.定语有些放在被修饰的名词前,有些放在被修饰名词后,放在前边的叫前置定语,放在后边的叫后置定语.Att. Two maps. Two large new maps Two large new maps of the world. 注意: 句子的核心是”主语+谓语”,其他都是补充说明的辅助成分.句型： A 主谓宾结构：1、主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），数词，动词不定式，

4、动名词, 主语从句等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ The boy comes from America He made a speech. Two and two is four. To be a teacher is my dream. Doing a research is a necessary step of covering a story. That Beijing will host the Olympics is an honour for every Chinese. = It is an honour for every Chinese That Be

5、ijing will host the Olympics. 1）_ he is supposed to win the golden medal turned out to be a great pressure. A. What B. That C. Why D. How 2) _ the ball in the palace brought great honour to an office worker in the government. A. Attending B. To attend C. His attending D. To be attended 3) The only 2

6、 universities _ are considered as top universities in Beijing rank No. 10 to 20 in the whole world. A. where B. which C. that D. what2、谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。谓语可以是不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构， We come. Many changes took place in my home town.4) Nothing _ to me though I came late to class again. A

7、. happen B. was happened C. was happening D. will happen5) We come. We _ and we _! A. see; conquer B. sees; conquer C. see; conquers D. seeing; conquering3、宾语：宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是代词宾格，如：me，him，them等。除了代词宾格可以作宾语外，名词，动名词，不定式，宾语从句等可以作宾语。 I will do it tomorrow. The boy needs a pen. I like

8、 swimming. I like to swim this afternoon. We all hope that China will win the most gold medals.6) He meant _ the boss to give up the investment, but was turned a deaf ear to. A. to advise B. advising C. to suggest D. suggesting7) No one knows for sure _. A. where we will be this time next year B. Wh

9、ere will we be this time next year C. where we would be this time next year D. Where would we be this time next year8) Tom Hanks is such a popular actor _ we all like him. A. as B. that C. who D. whomB 主系表结构： 1、主语：同主谓宾结构。2、谓语：联系动词（Link verb)： be动词am, is, are, was, were, have been；其他联系动词如：become，turn

10、, go, grow, fall;感官动词如：feel, sound, look, smell, taste;状态动词如：remain, stay, keep, seem, appear9) The hot weather, as is forecast, _ for several weeks. A. will be staying B. will stay C. will remain D. will be remained10) Its easier for children to _ ill in summer than in Winter. A. turn B. grow C. fa

11、ll D. feel3、表语：说明主语的状态、性质、等。可为形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、分词。Tom is a boy. He became a teacher at last. His face turned red. He looks well. It sounds nice. I fell ill last night. The egg remains good for 2 weeks. 11) Fortunately, he was still _, though buried in the ruins for more than 5 days. A. alive B. livi

12、ng C. live D. lively 12) He _ the table which _ smooth. A. felt; felt B. felt; was feeling C. feels; feel D. is felt; is feelingC There be 结构：There be 表示存在有。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词there那里混淆。 There was a boy there. There seems to be no sense in doing so.13) There _ no hope for them to get across the riv

13、er with the bridge destroyed. A. is B. are C. was D. has been14) There _ two trees at the entrance to the school. A. used to have B. seems to have C. stand D. lie15) There must have been some hardship behind those eyes, _? A. mustnt there B. isnt it C. wasnt there D. hasnt it三，句子结构常考点：A 定语：定语是对名词或代词

14、起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 （一）形容词作定语： The little boy needs a blue pen.（二）数词作定语相当于形容词：Two boys need two pens.（三）形容词性物主代词或名词所有格作定语： His boy needs Toms pen. There are two boys of Toms there.

15、（四）介词短语作定语： The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours. The boy in blue is Tom. There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.（五）名词作定语：The boy needs a ball pen.（六）副词作定语：（后置）The boy there needs a pen.(七) 不定式作定语：The boy to write this letter needs a pen. (八) 分词（短语）作定语：The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.（九）定语从句：The boy who is reading needs a pen.B、状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为：通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时