河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点十九动名词真题讲解+知识总结Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、“记得做过某事”，为固定搭配。eatingby 在此处表示“通过”，是介词， 后面接动名词形式作宾语。restingspend time （in） doing sth.为固定搭配。riding keep 后接动名词作宾语， keep doing sth. 意为“继续做某事” 。 .单句改错1 My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. sell selling 动词 sell 在介词 by 后作宾语，故使用其动名词形式。2 We can choose between staying at home

2、and take a trip. take taking 此处为 between . and . 结构，根据前面的 “ staying at home ”可知，此处也要用动名词形式，与前面保持一致。3 I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. wear wearing 此处用动名词作介词 by 的宾语。课后知识总结 谨记规则 动名词是由动词 ing 形式构成的，它在句中起名词作用。（一）动名词的句法功能1作主语 动名词短语作主语时，有时用 it 作形式主语。Hearing how others react to the b

3、ook you have just read creates an added pleasure.听别人对你刚读过的这本书的反应会带来额外的乐趣。It is worth making an appointment before you go.去之前预约一下是值得的。 知识拓展 下面句型中常用动名词作主语：It is/was a waste （of .）/no use/no good doing sth.2作表语动名词作表语表示通常的情况，多指抽象的、经常性的动作，句子主语通常 是无生命的事物或由 what 引导的名词性从句。My job is teaching you English. 我的工

4、作是教你们英语。3作宾语（1）下列动词 （短语 ）只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：考虑建议盼原consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon;谅，承admit, delay/put off, fancy认推迟没得想避免错过继续练 ， 否 avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate 认完成 就欣赏禁止想forbid, imagine, risk; cant help （ 禁不住 ）, mind, allow/permit, escap

5、e 象才冒险，不准逃亡He tried to avoid answering my questions. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。（2） 由“动词介词” 构成的短语， 其后跟动名词作宾语， 常见的有 be/get used to （ 习惯于 ）, look forward to （ 期盼 ）, feel like （ 想要 ）, insist on （ 坚持 ）, getdown to （ 开始认真做某事 ）, devote . to . （ 致力于 ）, object to （ 反对 ）,stick to （ 坚持 ）, give up （ 放弃 ） 等。Its time I got do

6、wn to thinking about that essay.我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。（3） 下列动词或词组既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但 意义 上有区别：4作定语（1） 动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途、性能或目的。a walking stick a stick for walking 手杖a sleeping car a car for sleeping 卧铺车（2） 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可以表 示经常性的动作或状态。John is a promising young man.约翰是一个有前途的年轻人。（二）动名词

7、的时态和语态形式意义主动语态被动语态一般式与谓语动词的动作同时或稍后发生doingbeing done完成式先于谓语动词的动作完成having donehaving beendoneDo you like playing chess ？你喜欢下棋吗？She was pleased that the teacher wasnt angry with her for her havingbeen so rude.她很高兴老师没有因为她的无礼而生气。语法填空解题“ 3 策略”1分析非谓语动词发生的时间以及非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系（1）若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系， 且正在进行，要想到用现

8、在分 词形式 （doing） ；（2）若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，且表完成， 要想到用过去分词 形式 （done）;（3）若非谓语动词表将来的动作，或作目的状语，或跟在表示喜怒哀乐的形容 词后表示原因或意料之外的结果等， 要想到用不定式形式 （to do） 。 2掌握非谓语动词的固定句式结构（1）Its 形容词 （for/of sb. ）to do sth. ；（2）Its no good/use/pleasure doing sth. ；（3）find/think/believe/consider it adj .to do sth. ；（4）be likely to do sth

9、. 很可能做某事。3牢记后跟非谓语动词的特定动词（1） 牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词；（2） 牢记用动词不定式或分词作补足语的动词。据第 1 条解题1 According to the study, when （face） with the new challenges,tofast walkers are more likely to be active while quiet people tend walk more slowly.2The hobby （select） by teens depends upon their free time.3 Last summer I was

10、 lucky （spend） a couple of days in this cityand I just fell in love with its narrow paved streets and neat beautiful house!4When his father discovered his son practising on a violin one day, he gave him a beating, （say） that he was going to beat the music outof the boy.参考答案： Faced 、 selected 、 to_sp

11、end 、 saying据第 2 条解题5It is common （find） this type of poetry, calligraphy art, hangingin peoples homes.6 People with positive attitude are more likely _ （succeed） thanthose with negative attitude.7 Everyone in our class is working hard and doing what we could -（enter） a good university._to_find 、 to

12、_succeed 、 to_enter据第 3 条解题8 Last year, scientists saw some monkeys （rub） themselves with afiercecertain kind of insects to_protect （protect） themselves from mosquitoes biting.9The Old Town is definitely worthy （see） 10 So, what kinds of food do you avoid （eat）?rubbing 、 _to_be_seen 、 eating 短文改错解题“

13、 2 视角” 1从非谓语动词构成角度检查 （1） 检查是否该有不定式符号 to;（2） 检查动名词或分词是否正确。 2从非谓语动词用法角度检查（1） 检查介词后的非谓语动词是否正确；（2） 检查并列结构中非谓语动词形式是否一致；（3）检查作主语、宾语或宾补的非谓语动词形式是否合适；（4）检查作状语的分词表示主动还是被动。1In addition, communicate with our teachers and classmates is also a good way.2 Last evening he used it take his cousin out for ice cream.3

14、He hopes create an environment for his students that is much morerelaxing than the one he used to study in. communicate communicating 、 hopes 后加 to 、 _take 前加 to 、1.After that, I swore I must learn English well, especially spoken English,and never make that embarrassing thing happening again.2.Id li

15、ke work for you because I care a lot about presently affairs.3.6To her surprise, the poor old man was sitting on the floor with thepalm of his hand bleed.4.Arrived home, I almost forgot my tiredness.5.8 Yesterday morning I was determined to giving her a hand and dosome washing.6.Most high school stu

16、dents want to get into famous universities and they spend most of their time review lessons.10 Learning this news, I am really willing to travel with you and introducing Xian to you. happening happen 、like 后加 to 、bleed bleeding 、Arrived Arrivinggiving give 、 review reviewing 、 introducing introduce

17、.语法填空Tourismis an effectiveway to promotepeopletopeoplecommunicationand cultural exchange.GuangdongProvince, anpromoting tourism _1_ （cooperate）with the 21st centurymaritime（ 海上的 ） Silk Road countries and regions.First of all, Guangdongprobably hadthemost ofoverseasChinesepopulation who _2_（immigrat

18、e）foreigncountriesseveralimportantplayer of the national strategy,has advantagesin furthercenturies ago.Official figures indicate that the population of overseasChinese in the province _3_ （reach） over 10 million in the SoutheastAsian countries.Second ， Guangdong played _4_ important role in the cou

19、ntrys ancient maritime Silk Road.And Guangdong experienced its peak of5_ （trade） not only withancient maritime trade in the Qing DynastySoutheast Asian countries, but also countries of Europe, NorthAmerica and the Oceania.Third, Guangdong is one of the _6_ （large） tourism destinations andtourist _7_

20、 （source） in the country.In 2014, the province had more than 326 million overnight stays ， of _8_ more than 33.55 million overnight stays _9_ （make） by tourists from foreign countries.Its profit from tourism increased 12 percent yearonyear.There is no denying that the province is of great _10_ （sign

21、ificant） tothe tourism development in China.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论了广东省具有的海上贸易优势，以 及其对海上丝绸之路上的国家和地区的旅游合作的推动作用。1 cooperation 考查词性转换。所填词作 promoting 的宾语，应用名词形式 cooperation 。此处指推动旅游业的合作。2 immigrated 考查动词的时态。 由句中的时间状语 several centuries ago为一般过去时的时间状语标志词可知，此处应填动词的过去式 immigrated 。3 reaches 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述现在的情

22、况，应用一般 现在时，主语为 the population of overseas Chinese ，是单数概念，故此 处动词应用第三人称单数形式 reaches 。4an 考查冠词。 play an important role in “在中起重要作用”，为固定搭配。5 trading 考查非谓语动词。本句中已有谓语动词 experienced ，且两个 动词之间没有 连词 连接，因此 所填 词为非谓语 动词 ， trade 与 其逻辑 主语 Guangdong 之间为主谓关系，因此用现在分词 trading 。6 largest 考查形容词最高级。此处为“ one of the 形容词最高

23、级名词复数”的固定结构。7 sources 考查名词复数。由于 and 连接的两个并列的名词在形式上应保 持一致 ，根 据前面的名 词 destinations 可知， 这里 应用 名词的复数 形式 sources 。8 which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词关系代词” 引导的定语从句，先行词为 326 million overnight stays ，所以用 which 引 导。9 were made 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，所故用一般过去时的被动语态； 又be of 后，所以应用名词形式，且主语 stays 和动词 make 之间为被动关系， 因

24、主语 stays 为复数形式，故填 were made 10 significance 考查词性转换。此处位于 故填 significance 。 .短文改错This morning, our school held a fire drill. We were listening to our teacher careful in the math class while we heard the fire alarm from the speaker on the wall. The teachers stopped teaching immediately and instructing

25、us to exit the classroom in order. When get into thepassageway, we found us surrounded by smoke. It was choking us and our tears ran down. We bent down, covered our mouths with handkerchiefs, and ran downstairs rapidly into the open air in the playground, just as we had taught before. When we come b

26、ack to our classroom, each of us gave a summary of this fire drill. I think the fire disasters often happen, so we should know the tips to escape from a fire for case of emergency.答案：第二句： careful carefully; while when 第三句： teachers teacher; instructing instructed第四句： get getting; us ourselves 第六句： had 后加 been第七句： come came第八句：去掉第一个 the; for in