英语专业四级阅读新题型Word格式文档下载.docx

1、Taking a paragraph and changing words，Ive done that before;it wasnt a big deal，he decided finally. As long as I can manipulate it to be my words，change a few, its not cheating.Under the honour code he signed when he entered Duke University last year，it is. But for many college students，the once-clea

2、r lines that define cheating have faded. Some colleges and universities have resorted to sophisticated search engines to ferret out cheats. But an increasing number is turning to something decidedly more low-tech: their honour codes. Some campuses are adopting codes for the first time. Others，among

3、them Duke，acknowledging that their codes have existed mostly in name only，are rewriting and more aggressively enforcing them.Cheating has become so common，experts say，that it often goes unreported and unpunished. Surveys show not only that there is more cheating these days but also that students and

4、 teachers alike have become more accepting of some practices once considered out of bounds. One such survey was performed for the Centre for Academic Integrity, an organization based at Duke that helps create honour codes. In that survey，27 per cent of students questioned during the 2001-2 academic

5、year said that falsifying laboratory data happened often or very often on campus.The new honour codes aim to punish more while also forcing students and faculty members to think about the kinds of offenses that constitute cheating. At large universities and small liberal arts colleges alike, educato

6、rs talk about restoring a culture of honour.Its a psychological effect: if people expect you to be honourable，you are more likely to respond with honourable behavior，said Nannerl O.Keohane，the president of Duke.At Duke，a new community standard for academic integrity will take effect next fall.Under

7、it，the faculty will no longer have to proctor exams，but students will face punishment if they see cheating and do not report it. Faculty members will have greater power to discipline first-time cheats，authority that the university hopes will encourage them to confront offenders.Questions:1. How to f

8、ind student cheats?2. It can be inferred from the passage that one of the students honour codes might be _.3. The phrase out of bounds probably means _ .4. What is the main idea of the passage?2. Policemen, both in Britain and the United States, hardly recognize any likeness between their lives and

9、what they see on TV. The first difference is that a policemans real life centers round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much as a professional lawyer, and wh

10、at is more, he has to apply it on his feet, running down as alley after someone he wants to talk to.He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty or not of stupid, petty crimes.Most television crime dram

11、a is about the criminal. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attack where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the policelittle effort is spent on searching. The police have a well-designed machinery w

12、hich eventually shows up most wanted men.Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence. Much of this has to be given by people who dont want to get involved in a court case. So, as well as

13、 being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witnesses and persuading them to help him.A third big difference is the unpleasant moral twilight in which the real one lives. Detectives are subject to two opposing pressures: firstly, as members of a po

14、lice force they always have to behave with absolute legality: secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both.If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the det

15、ective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-mindedness as he sees it, of citizens, social workers, doctors, lawmakers, and judges, who instead of stamping out crime, punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detec

16、tives feel, is that nine tenths of their work is recatching people who have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical.1. It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law because_2. The everyday life of a policeman or detective is_3. When murders and terrorist attack occur the p

17、olice_4. The real detective lives in “an unpleasant moral twilight because_5. Detectives are rather cynical because_（3）Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He kno

18、ws what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being

19、 well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyones satisfaction. For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries t

20、o sell the customer something else, he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute without least consideration ; he does so with skill and polish:“I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It happens

21、 to be the color you mentioned. Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is:“This is the right color and may be the right size but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.Now how does a women go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the o

22、pposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look round. She is always open to persuasion: indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any numbe

23、r of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman ma

24、y easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a tiresome process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.1. What does a man usually do when he is

25、buying clothes?2. What does the passage tell us about women shoppers for clothes?3. What does a man do when he can not get exactly what he wants?4. Many jokes make fun of women shoppers by saying that5.What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers?（4） For many women choosing whe

26、ther to work or not to work outside their home is a luxury: they must work to survive. Others face a hard decision.Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with economics. One husband said, Marge and I decided after careful consideration that for her to go back to work at this moment was an extravagance

27、 we couldnt afford. With two preschool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters , transportation, and increased taxes, rather than having more money, they might actually end up with less.Economic factors are usually the first to be considered, but they are not the most

28、important. The most important aspects of the decision have to do with the emotional needs of each member of the family. It is in this area that husbands and wives find themselves having to face many confusing and conflicting feelings.There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who fee

29、l imprisoned if they have to stay home with a young child or several children. On the other hand, there are women who think that homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction.From my own experience. I would like to suggest that sometime the decision to go back to work is made in too much haste. The

30、re are few decisions that I now regret more. I wasnt mature enough to see how much I could have gained at home. I regret my impatience to get on with my career. I wish I had allowed myself the luxury of watching the world through my little girls eyes.71. Which word in the first tow paragraphs best e

31、xplains why many women have to work?72. Why did Marge and her husband think it an extravagance for Marge to go back to work?73. What are the two major considerations in deciding whether women should go out to work?74. Some women would rather do housework and take care of their children than pursue a career because they feel _.75. If given a second chance, the writer would probably choose to _. （5） Would-be language teachers everywhere have one thing in common: they all want some recognition