新人教版英语必修四第一单元语法主谓一致.doc

1、2015年必修四英语主谓一致句子的主语有单复数及人称的变化，其谓语动词需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而有所变化。即：谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。她的梦想已经实现了。Her dreams _ come true. Her dream _come true. 从以上两个例句可以看出谓语动词随主语的数而变化。她(他)常常搭公车上学。 She/He often goes to school by bus. 他们常常搭公车上学。 They often go to school by bus. 他（她）是老师。 He/She is a teacher.他们是老师。 They are teach

2、ers. l 主谓一致可分为以下四种：语法一致、意义一致、就近原则、随前原则【语法一致】（1）主语是and，bothand连接的并列结构如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。Both rice and wheat _ grown in this part of China. (be)我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。 My mother and I have seen the film. n A knife and fork _ used to have meals. （be）n The singer and dancer _ on the stag

3、e. （be）注意：由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each，every，no修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。师生没有被邀请参加晚会。 No student and no teacher _（2）主语后面接说明主语的修饰语 主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如 with，along with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in ad

4、dition to，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。 就远原则那位老师和两个学生受邀参加了会议。 The teacher with two students _.这个姑娘和男孩子一道，已经学会了开汽车。 The girl as well as the boys _. 练习：All the people except the driver _to talk and laugh.A. was encouraged B. were encouragedC. was encouraging D. were encouraging一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。 A

5、library with five thousand books _ (offer) to the nation as a gift. 电邮和电话在日常的通信中起着很重要的作用。 E-mail, as well as telephones, _ daily communication. 只有简知道这个秘密。 Nobody but Jane _当Mary走进房间时，除了一个人外所有人都在聊天。All but one _ when Mary entered the room. （3）非谓语动词或从句作主语非谓语动词 (动词的-ing形式、不定式)或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数形式。我们这里需要的是

6、资金。 What we need here is money什么时候在什么地方建新工厂还没决定。When and where to build the new factory _.核实事实是非常重要的。 Checking information_. 学习英语不容易。 Learning English is not easy. 谁会来还不清楚。 Who will come is not clear.（4）each和复合不定代词作主语each和some/any/no/every十body/one/thing构成的复合不定代词anyone、anybody、anything、everyone、ever

7、ybody、everything、someone、somebody、something、no one、nobody、nothing、each、the other作主语，谓语动词用单数。没有一个人知道这答案。Nobody knows the answer.有人想见你。Someone wants to see you.箱子里有什么东西吗? Is there anything in the box?他们每一个人在学校都表现良好。Each of them _. They each _.（5）“many a +单数名词”作主语many a(很多)/more than one(不只一个)+单数名词”作主语

8、时，谓语动词用单数形式。很多学生去过北京。Many students have been to Beijing. Many a student has been to Beijing. 你的问题不只有一个答案。 There is more than one answer to your question.不只一个顾客在这家店受到了不好的对待。More than one customer was treated badly at the store. （6）one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the only，the very，the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。他是这三

9、年来唯一的一个获得奖学金的学生。He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years汤姆是唯一的一个愿意帮助那个老人的男孩。Tom is the only one of those boys who is willing to help the old man. 注意：如没有这些限定词和修饰语，定语从句的谓语动词采用复数形式。汤姆是那些乐于助人的男孩之一。 Tom is one of the boys who are willing to help others. （7）由

10、两个部分组成的物体名词作主语有些由两个部分组成的物体名称如glasses(眼镜)，scissors(剪刀)，shorts(短裤)，shoes(鞋子)，trousers(裤子)等作主语，其后谓语动词用复数形式。His glasses _ broken yesterday, so he cant see well. (be)His trousers _ made of cotton. (be) 注意:若这类名词前带有pair等表示单位的名词时，则以这些名词的单、复数形式决定动词的形式。 两条裤子不见了。 Two pairs of trousers _ missing.（be）这双鞋上星期卖出去了。

11、 This pair of shoes was sold out last week . 练习：1. Reading English papers and magazines _helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)2. Whether he comes or not _ of no matter. (is /are)3. To say _ one thing; to do _another. (is/are)4. Listening, speaking, reading and writing _four skills for English s

12、tudy. (is/are)5. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _still the problems to settle. (is/are) 【意义一致】集体名词作主语，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数，主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体时用单数，强调整体中的个体的用复数。这类名词有audience, team, people, family, class, police, crowd, team, government等。His family is going out. 他们全家要外出。His family are all music

13、 lovers. 他们全家都是音乐爱好者。n The group _ made up of nine students.（be）n The group_ dancing happily.（be）n The team _ some good players. (have)n The team _ handsome. (be)1.由集体名词,如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形

14、式. His family is very large. 他家是一个大家庭。His family are music lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。练习：1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people.2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.6.The class (have, has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. 7.The government (has, ha