1、21. not rising-downward22. explanation-explains23. raise standards-higher specifications/more accountability24. higher-as much25. because of- due to26. expansion-improved27. slowed-(not) increasing28. decreased-reduction29. approaches-ways30. unconscious-unimportant31. more durable than-the easiest3
2、2. demanding-easy and pleasant33. not unusual-similar to34. although-while35. some notoriety through success-well known36. few teachers spectacular results-unspectacularTest21 carpenter-builder2 natures force-weather3 interior access to top-inner staircases4 watchtower-observation post5 Buddhism-rel
3、igious6 Be dispensed with-loosely7 constrain from-stop8 stages-first, then, then, then and now9 fertilizer-chemicals10 lakes-water sources11 unable to adapt to-too big a jump in thinking and in practices12 recommend-refer to as13 shifting-change14 as well-bothand15 declining-vanish16 several species
4、-huge stretches17 food poisoning, cattle disease-illness caused by food18 reduce reliance-less urgent19 improvements mobility-improve mobility20 district officials-district authorities21 future model-future work22 totally isolated-inaccessible23 localitythe local area24 up and down the hills-footbri
5、dges, steps, handrails25 local labours-local peopleTest31. city-urban2. encourage-the forcing house3. large city-megalopolis4. making calculation based on distance and position-navigate by integrating bearings and distance5. odour-sense of smell6. control weeds fungi-weeds-killers7. Secrete-secretio
6、ns8. Waste-unwanted mat trials9. fertilise-fertilizers10. improve fungi-upgrade fungi11. swapping-exchanging12. ruin-affect13. use-waste14. methods-techniques15. results of research-found16. involved-outside17. source-production of wood18. frontiers-boundaries19. inevitable change-the possibility of
7、 change20. systematisation-systematically21. genetic diversity-all kinds of species22. information be collected and shared-a databank on the subject23. preferential-priority24. joint on-allocated intoTest41. tens of thousands of slaves-a large number of people2. put theory to the test-apply the theo
8、ry3. possible-could4. raise heavy stones-lift huge weights5. had-used6. lift-bear7. large piece-massive weight8. resemble-look like9. may-might10. China-Chinese11. Send-deliver12. Life dependent on-the true cultural heart and soul13. more than -exceeded14. sharp decrease-lead to crash15. show up to
9、spawn-sufficient fish numbers16. such increase-successful17. prosper-successful18. established-founded19. adjust to-adapt to20.a wide range of noise levels-bursts of21. long termlong lasting22.stop-turn off23.the same time-at a time剑桥8同义替换TEST1 Passage1cold temperature-freezing weatherfarming commun
10、ities-agriculturedevelop-developmentcabinet-floor-standing casecreate-introduceorganize-co-ordinate/plan/regulatetimekeeper-clockpublic events-communal activitiesPassage2aviation disaster-skies accidentprompt-result incoincidental-fortuitousdefining-divided intocategories-typesfirst steps-rudimentar
11、yweather conditions-meteorologyoversimplified-incomplete partas a result-result indisaster-crashnear-vicinityaverage-size-medium-sizedPassage3agree on-concur onalter-change/switch tosubjects-mechanismsselection-probingpick out-identificationlimit-minimizesubjected to-study byfactors-waysTEST2detecti
12、ng flaws-locating flawsimproved-improvementinvest-costcomputer-technologyhuman-farmers and othersa thousand year later-past ten centuriesenough food-sufficient in grain and livestockwith no rain at all-droughtcutting down-axestart farming abroad-migrationdiscover-exploreability-facultydamage-impaird
13、efined-answeredhusbands and wives-spouseslinguistic groups-languageslack of the appropriate-does not exist specificresponse to-respondingunpleasant-offensiveregard as-consider tonot unpleasant-perfectly acceptableTEST3Passage 1buildings-propertyreceive funds-backed byfinancial support-funded byobtai
14、ning money-funded bymain difficulty-stumbling blockremove-out of Passage 2exhaust-burn out too soon never appreciate-unrecognized,unrewardeddifficulties-ad versesuniqueness-exceptionallessen-minimizesignificance-supremacyapproach-wayupbringing-grown upgenius-prodigy/giftednessobjective-objectivitydy
15、ing-deadlimitation-restrictedprolonging life-extend life spanstable-relatively constantin accordance with-according to principles-lawsserious problem-basic problemhelp to-tend toconserve-reservepossible-has the abilityTEST 4achievement-attainmentformat-patternkey-major contributing factorswide range
16、 of-larger propitiationcheap-inexpensiveorganize-set outintroduced-explainedadapted to-logically developeddifficulties-struggles much effort-hard workcorrect answers-accuracyemphasized-emphasispatiently explained-elaborationimbalance-disorderno longer responding-resistanceensure-sureharvest-yieldcos
17、ting-financialspend-outlayborn-bear offspringinnate-build inimmunity-resistancefree from danger-safeunder certain circumstance-when handledfeed on-prey onblight-plaguewipe out-eradicationtrees-grovesrange-different specieskey criterion-most importantparticularly effective-especially wellwet -marshy habit-areahard to find-elusivespecimens-insectsground litter-leaf litter
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